FIBER PLANTS IN THE PHILIPPINES

Question 1

• a natural leaf fiber species of banana grown as a commercial crop native in the country from the family Musaceae.
• used also to make money paper

Answer 1

Abaca (Musa textilis)

Question 2

• The Philippines, as the
  world’s top exporter of abaca,
  supplies _____ percent of the
  global abaca fiber production.
• Country earns $____million/year.

Answer 2

85; 80

Question 3

other name of Abaca

Answer 3

Manila Hemp

Question 4

With its durability, flexibility, and resistance to saltwater damage, it is commonly used in _____ lines and ____, _____, and ______.

Answer 4

fishing; nets; ropes; twines

Question 5

___________ had the largest area planted for abaca, with 43.16 thousand hectares in 2019.

Answer 5

Bicol Region

Question 6

Major Problems in Abaca Fiber Production Industry:

Answer 6

1. Lack of Planting Materials
2. Prevalence of Abaca Diseases
3. Low Farm and Fiber Production
4. Low Fiber Quality
5. Insufficient Supply of Abaca Fiber

Question 7

Abaca diseases:

Answer 7

• Bunchy-top
• Bract Mosaic
• Mosaic

Question 8

Abaca harvested only __________________.

Answer 8

twice a year

Question 9

OTHER FIBER PLANTS:

Answer 9

A. LEAF
B. FOREST VINES
C. BAST FIBERS

Question 10

• are mainly used for cordage and they are the toughest among plant fibers.

Answer 10

Leaf fibers

Question 11

-monocot of order Pandanales
-understorey shrub, 51 species with aerial/prop roots

Answer 11

Pandan/ Screw Pines

Question 12

• leaves are added to rice to enhance aroma and used as cockroach repellants when placed in cabinets

Answer 12

Pandan banguhan (Pandanus amaryllifolius)

Question 13

(Fimbristylis globulosa and
Fimbristylis utilis)

Answer 13

Tikog (Sedges)

Question 14

• “tambo”
  -panicle(flowers), harvested from
  December to March
  -after 6-10 years are harvested,
  sundried 2-3 days, average of
  105 panicles are bundled

Answer 14

Tiger Grass (Thysanolaena maxima)

Question 15

Leaves: placemats, hats
Rachis: buntal fibers, shoot-food,
sap-tuba
Processing: Extraction, pulling,
bleaching, drying, and weaving

Answer 15

Buri (Corypha utan)

Question 16

• Any herbaceous or woody plants
  with roots anchored to the ground
  and the rest of the body creeping
  or climbing with or without the
  help of tendrils, hooks and other
  clinging or grasping structures

Answer 16

FOREST VINES

Question 17

FOREST VINES TYPES:

Answer 17

1. Scramblers
2. Hook and thorns
3. Root climbers
4. Twinners
5. Leaf climbers and tendril bearers

Question 18

have no means of attachment; they climb only in the sense that their stems will proceed on a vertical
path if secured to a support as they grow. Left to themselves, they’ll simply mound, sprawl, and scramble.

Answer 18

Scramblers

Question 19

These vines use hooks to grab and hoist their weight upon ledges and surfaces they come across.

Answer 19

Hook and thorns

Question 20

climb by means of aerial
rootlets (roots above ground) that grow alongside matted pads that cling easily to surfaces.

Answer 20

Root climbers

Question 21

otherwise known as a bine,
grows with their shoots spiraling out in a helix, as opposed to using tendrils or suckers. Many twining vines have rough stems, assisting them in climbing upwards.

Answer 21

Twinners

Question 22

classified by their tendril organ which is specialized to anchor and support the stems. A tendril is a slender strand-like organ resembling a coiled whip.

Answer 22

Leaf climbers and tendril bearers

Question 23

-used for handicraft, leaves and stipes are chewed and applied to snake and reptile bites
- Harvested 2-3 years

Answer 23

Nito Lygodium sp. (mostly
circinnatum)

Question 24

-for baskets, leaves are boiled
for fever

Answer 24

KILOB (Dicranopteris linearis)

Question 25

-used for baskets, trays and tying materials

Answer 25

HINGIW (Ichnocarpus ovatifolius)

Question 26

-shoots are eaten raw as a salad or can be cooked or sautéed with other vegetables. - medicinal applications such treatment for diarrhea while a decoction or the juice is taken internally for fever.

Answer 26

Diliman (Stenochlaena palustris)

Question 27

- making fish traps, nets, and ropes. - Baskets and Bags

Answer 27

Baling-uai (Flagellaria indica)

Question 28

-Bundles of fibers that are formed at the fibro-vascular region of the trunk -Called phloem or inner bark

Answer 28

BAST FIBERS

Question 29

Most species from the following families:

Answer 29

1.Sterculiaceae 2.Tiliaceae 3.Malvaceae 4.Thymeliaceae 5.Moraceae 6. Apocynaceae 7. Boraginaceae 8. Myrsinaceae 9. Sapindaceae 10. Ulmaceae 11. Uricaceae 12. Vitaceae

Question 30

-called bamban, darumaka, garomaka, langkuas, manban - stem either solid or split used for weaving fish traps, tying nipa shingles

Answer 30

BAMBAN (Donax cannaeformis) Family: Maranthaceae

Question 31

- a shrub with exceptional fiber content - extracted by steaming method in region 8 - ”money tree”, used for tying and making ropes -steaming

Answer 31

SALAGO- Wikstroemia spp. Family: Thymeliaceae

Question 32

Pursuance to NIPAS act of 1992 to protect, conserve and preserve representative of biological diversity, the DENR Memo. Circular No. _________ adopted the salago as the banner species of region 8.

Answer 32

19 series of 1994

Question 33

-balinad, uos or saripongpong -small-medium sized tree, used for tying material -Bast fibers are lustrous, silky, can easily be dried or bleached

Answer 33

MALABUHO (Sterculia oblongata) Family: Malvaceae

Question 34

- is a cellulosic fiber that is regenerated from bamboo plant. It is a great prospective green fiber with outstanding biodegradable textile material, having strength comparable to conventional glass fibers. Bamboo used for fiber preparation is usually 3–4 years old.

Answer 34

Bamboo fiber