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Final Flashcards

1
Q

Biomedical Science

A

The application of science to the medical field

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2
Q

Forensic Science

A

The application of science to criminal and civil law

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3
Q

Are physiological responses measured during a polygraph test?

A

Yes

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4
Q

Are polygraphs 100% accurate and reliable?

A

No

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5
Q

Hypothesis

A

An educated guess

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6
Q

experiment

A

a set of controlled observations that test the hypothesis

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7
Q

Difference between independent and dependent variables

A

The independent variable is the cause. Its value is independent of other variables in your study. The dependent variable is the effect. Its value depends on changes in the independent variable.

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8
Q

What is a control group

A

The group that doesn’t get the experimental treatment in an experiment.

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9
Q

negative control

A

Control group where conditions produce a negative outcome.

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10
Q

positive control

A

Control Group expected to have a positive result

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11
Q

Cuticle (hair)

A

tough, clear outside covering of the hair shaft

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12
Q

cortex of hair

A

middle layer of the hair shaft
provides strength; makes up most of the hair mass.

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13
Q

medulla of hair

A

the spongy anterior core of hair that gives it flexibilty; appears as a canal in the middle of the shaft.

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14
Q

Where is DNA found in the hair?

A

The root

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15
Q

Arch fingerprint

A

goes from one side of the finger to the other

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16
Q

Loop fingerprint

A

Begin at one side of finger, curve around/upward, exit other side. Two types, radical, ulnar

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17
Q

whorl fingerprint

A

Fingerprints that have at least 2 deltas, and make a complete circle

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18
Q

Fingerprint Minutiae

A

characteristics of ridge patterns in a fingerprint

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19
Q

How many minutiae must be matched to establish an identical fingerprint?

A

12

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20
Q

What are the four main components of blood?

A

plasma, platelets, red blood cells, white blood cells

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21
Q

Plasma

A

Liquid part of blood

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22
Q

red blood cells (erythrocytes)

A

transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

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23
Q

white blood cells (leukocytes)

A

respond to injury or infection

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24
Q

Platelets

A

blood clotting

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25
Presumptive tests versus Confirmatory Tests
Presumptive tests, are those that usually identify a class of compounds whereas a confirmatory testis one that conclusively identifies a specific, individual compound
26
Antigens
Foreign material that invades the body
27
Antibodies
Specialized proteins that aid in destroying infectious agents
28
Agglunation
clumping of red blood cells
29
Which antigen(s) does type AB blood contain:
A and B antigens
30
Which antigen(s) does type A blood contain:
A
31
Which antigen(s) does type B blood contain:
B
32
Which antigen(s) does type O blood contain:
None
33
What does a blood splatter analyst do?
They figure out what happened at a crime based on the blood they find at the scene, on clothes, or evidence
34
How do height and angle affect blood spatter
The higher the blood drop falls from, the larger the diameter of the blood drop will be on the surface it strikes. The steeper the angle, the longer and thinner the blood drop will be.
35
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
36
Three parts of a Nucleotide
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
37
What are the four nitrogen bases?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
38
Purines
Bases with a double-ring structure. Adenine and Guanine
39
Pyrimidines
Bases with a single-ring structure. Cytosine and Thymine
40
How do the bases pair in DNA?
A goes with T and C goes with G
41
Chromosomes
threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes
42
Relationship between DNA, genes, and Chromosomes
Work together to make you unique
43
Difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotes are always unicellular, while eukaryotes are often multi-celled organisms
44
PCR (polymerase chain reaction)
rapidly makes multiple copies of a specific segment of DNA
45
Restriction Enzymes
enzyme that cuts DNA at a sequence of nucleotides
46
gel elctrophoresis
used to separate and analyze DNA pieces by placing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of a gel and applying an electrical voltage to the gel
47
During gel electrophoresis in which direction do the DNA fragments move and why? Which fragments will move through the gel faster?
DNA is negatively charged, therefore, when an electric current is applied to the gel, DNA will migrate towards the positively charged electrode. Shorter strands of DNA move more quickly through the gel than longer strands.
48
Autopsy
the examination of a corpse to determine the cause of death
49
cause of death
the immediate reason for a person's death
50
Manner of Death
How death occurred; 5 possibilities - natural -accidental -suicide -homicide -undetermined
51
mechanism of death
the specific body failure that leads to death
52
Functions and Key structures of the Integumentary System
protecting your body from bacteria, infection, injury and sunlight. skin, hair, nails
53
Functions and Key structures of the Skeletal System
bones and joints gives the body its shape, allows movement, makes blood cells, provides protection for organs and stores minerals
54
Functions and Key structures of the Muscular System
Helps the body move and contract skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle
55
Functions and Key structures of the Nervous System
helps all the parts of the body to communicate with each other brain, spinal cord, sensory receptors, nerves
56
Functions and Key structures of the Cardiovascular System
delivers oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other important substances to cells and organs in the body Heart, Blood Vessels (Veins, arteries, capillaries)
57
Functions and Key structures of the Respiratory System
help you breathe lungs, nasal cavity, trachea, bronchus
58
Functions and Key structures of the Lymphatic and Immune System
absorbing digestive tract fats and removing cellular waste. lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow
59
Functions and Key structures of the Digestive System
breaks down food into nutrients oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver
60
functions and key structures of urinary system
filter blood and create urine as a waste by-product kidney, bladder, ureter, urethra
61
Functions and Key structures of the Endocrine System endo(cringe)
release hormones into the bloodstream adrenal gland, pituitary gland, ovary, testis
62
Functions and Key structures of the Reproductive System
To produce egg and sperm cells vagina, ovaries, uterus, penis, testes, prostate
63
Livor Mortis
The pooling of the blood in tissues after death resulting in a reddish color to the skin
64
Rigor Mortis
stiffness of the body that sets in several hours after death
65
Algor Mortis
The cooling of the body after death
66
Levels of organisation in the body
cell, tissue, organ, organ system
67
4 lobes of the brain
frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal
68
Function of the frontal lobe
reasoning, planning, part of speech and movement, emotions, problem solving
69
Function of parietal lobe
processes sensory information
70
Function of occipital lobe
visual processing
71
Function of temporal lobe
language processing
72
TBI vs CTE
TBI: A brain dysfunction caused by an outside force to the head. CTE: A progressive degeneration, and/or death, of nerve cells caused by repeated head injuries, such as repeated concussions.
73
Four types of tissue
epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
74
epithelial tissue
A body tissue that covers the surfaces of the body, inside and out
75
connective tissue
A body tissue that provides support for the body and connects all of its parts
76
muscle tissue
A body tissue that contracts or shortens, making body parts move.
77
nervous tissue
Tissue that senses stimuli and transmits signals.

BioMed (12 decks)

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