final Flashcards
(98 cards)
1
Q
what is the definition of epidemic
A
when a disease is spread in only one country
2
Q
GPD per capita
A
an estimation of value of goods produced by each person in one country
3
Q
epidemiologist
A
a person who studies epidemics
4
Q
heredity
A
passing of genes from one generation to another
5
Q
healthcare
A
medical services
6
Q
age expectancy
A
the average number of years a person is expected to live
7
Q
pandemic
A
an epidemic that has spread across the worlds population
8
Q
vaccination
A
a substance that protects people from diseases
9
Q
virus
A
a tiny organism that infects living cells with diseases
10
Q
define health inequality and provide an example to illustrate this concept
A
not everyone in the worlds population or specific country have equal distribution of healthcare
11
Q
list 3 factors that contribute to health inequality globally
A
1) socioeconomic status 2) geographical location 3) lack of education
12
Q
what are some common inequalities in access to healthcare that exist in different parts of the world
A
1) low income 2) poverty
13
Q
discuss why it is important to address health inequality and promote equal access to healthcare
A
1) to prevent diseases 2) to provide everyone to access to healthcare
14
Q
propose two solutions that could help reduce health inequality worldwide
A
1) end discrimination 2) public healthcare
15
Q
how does lack of access to healthcare contribute to a cycle of poverty in communities around the world
A
people living in poverty cannot afford healthcare
16
Q
(T/F) health inequality refers to differences in health status or in the distribution in health determinants between population groups
A
True
17
Q
(T/F) Access to healthcare is evenly distributed across all countries worldwide
A
false
18
Q
(T/F)solutions to address disparities in healthcare access may include improving healthcare infrastructure and increasing healthcare workforce training
A
true
19
Q
(T/F) socioeconomic factors such as income level and education can influence a persons access to healthcare
A
true
20
Q
(T/F)analyzing factors contributing to health inequality is essential in developing strategies to promote health equity worldwide
A
true
21
Q
DO MULTIPLE CHOICE ON study guide(pg6)
A
22
Q
urban sprawl
A
the spread of cities into surrounding land
23
Q
species
A
kind of living thing that reproduces
24
Q
biodiversity
A
the variety of living things on earth
25
overconsumption
the use of natural resources faster than nature can replace them
26
extinct
describing a species that no longer lives
27
conservation
restoring the work of preserving habitats and living things
28
what is a habitat
a place for animal and plant species to live in
29
why is conserving habitats so important
to promote biodiversity
for ecosystem stability
to protect wildlife
for the protection of animal species
to create habitat conservation jobs
30
what are threats to animal habitats
climate change
deforestation
pollution
urban sprawling
logging and mining
hunting
overfishing
mining
31
what are ways of conserving a habitat
protect endangered species, restore damaged habitats, go for a plant based diet, using eco friendly products, remove invasive species
32
what is a desert habitat
any place that gets less than 25cm of rainfall, part of land called dryland
33
what is a rainforest habitat
rainforests are very wet and warm places due to high rainfall
34
how many layers in the rainforest is there, name and explain each one
1- canopy :3-4 meters tall, contains majority of trees, very leafy( insects, birds, reptiles and mammals)
2- understory layer: contains many large leaf plants (birds, snakes, lizards, large predators)
3- emergent: 3-4 meters tall, contains majority of trees, very leafy( insects, birds, and mammals)
4- forest floor: bottom of the rainforest, dark, contains very little vegetation due to low levels of sunlight(insects and fungi)
35
what is a ocean habitat, name and explain the three types
where marine plants and animals live
1- mudflat: slate and mud are brought together by the tide of the sea
2- intertidal habitat: where the land and ocean meet
3-mangrove habitat: filled with mangroves that can survive in saltwater
36
what are 3 threats to ocean habitats
1-overfishing
2- rising sea levels
3- pollution
37
what animal and plant species live in rainforest habitats
monkeys, insects, birds
38
what are 3 threats to rainforest habitats
1-drought
2- deforestation
3- wildfires
39
what is a threat to desert habitats
1- drought
2- climate change
3- invasive species
40
what animal and plant species live in desert habitats
camels, scorpions, fennec foxes
41
what animal and plant species live in ocean habitats
crab, fish, coral
42
name 2 reasons as to why protecting natural habits is important
for the protection of animal species
to create habitat conservation jobs
43
(T/F) habitats are the natural home or environment a plant or animal lives
true
44
what are some causes of habitat destruction
deforestation
climate change
pollution
45
name 3 ways of conserving a habitat
protect endangered species
restore damaged habitats
go for plant based diet
46
how do countries with high populations and overconsumption affect habitats and over consumption
countries with high populations overconsume natural resources
47
what is a result of urban sprawling
deforestation due to the spread of cities
48
(T/F) preserving habitats is important because it maintains biodiversity, and ensures the survival of different species
true
49
(T/F)human activities such as pollution and deforestation can negatively impact habitats and lead to the loss of species
true
50
(T/F) recycling and reducing waste are examples of human activities that can help preserve habitats and protect ecosystems
true
51
(T/F) human activities have no effect on habitats and ecosystems, as they are able to adapt to any changes
false
52
COMPLETE MATCHING ACTIVITY ON REVIEW AND CHECK FOR ANY MISTAKES(pg12)
53
Algae
plantlike organisms
54
Aquifer:
an underground rock layer containing water
55
bacteria
one celled organism that can cause diseases
56
ecosystems
community of living organisms and their natural environment
57
Marine protected area:
a region in or near an ocean where human activity is limited in order to preserve marine life.
58
Pollutant:
a substance that makes the environment and water dirty.
59
Tributarily:
a smaller river or stream that flows into a larger river
60
Oceanographer:
a scientist who studies the oceans and marine life.
61
Can you list some common sources of water pollution?
-Water waste from our sewage system
-Leaking pipes
- Dumping of chemicals Farming activities (
chemical fertilizers)
-Litter Shipping ( can cause the burning of
fossil fuels)
62
How can water pollution affect our ocean?
It can cause harm to marine life and end up killing marine species and destruct their
63
What are the potential health effects of consuming contaminated water?
Health problems / diseases, It can lead to people getting ill.
64
What can we do to reduce water pollution?
Recycle
Use less plastic
Pick up animal droppings
Using eco friendly products
Don't throw litter in the lakes or oceans
Use organic fertilizers instead of chemical ones
Be careful about what you throw down your sink or toilet.
65
Name 3 sources of water pollution
leaking pipes
litter
farming activities
(chemical fertilizers)
66
What are human activities that can cause pollution?
Water waste from our sewage system
Leaking pipes
Dumping of chemicals
Farming activities ( chemical fertilizers ) Litter Shipping ( can cause the burning of fossil fuels)
67
What is the difference between small pollutants and big pollutants?
Small pollutants are tiny microscopic toxins that we can't see while big pollutants are types of waste that you can see such as plastic bags, leaves, dead animals, dog waste and wrappers.
68
What damage does chemicals in water cause?
Can poison animals
69
What damage does litter in water cause?
Can be ingested by animals
70
What damage does fertilizers in water cause?
Can cause a lack of oxygen in water and ends up killing animals.
71
Do you think government policies on water pollution are effective in protecting human health and aquatic habitats?
Opinion based answer
72
Population:
The total number of people who occupy an area
73
Demographics:
Specific characteristics such as age or gender of a human population.
74
Fertility rate:
The average number of children born per woman in a country
75
Migrate:
To move from one region or country to another often to seek work or other economic
76
Refugee:
A person who seeks protection in a foreign country to escape war, natural disasters or
mistreatment
77
How do cultural norms and beliefs influence population growth in different regions of the world?
People in different cultures have different attitudes and beliefs about how many children they should have. Those include the kind of work they do, their religion, traditions and customs.
78
What are the long-term consequences of rapid population growth on the environment and natural resources?
Lack of natural resources as there are not enough resources for the whole population to have access to.
79
In what ways can education and access to family planning services help manage population growth and promote sustainable development in a society?
Education refers to people's socioeconomic levels as education promotes high wage jobs which encourages having more children because they can afford to.
80
What is population growth?
When birth rates are higher than death rates.
81
Can you list some factors that contribute to population growth?
Advanced technology Advanced medical / health care Dramatic increase in food production
82
How does population growth impact society?
It can sometimes lead to poverty It can cause high unemployment Not enough resources for everyone
83
Can you explain the relationship between population growth and resources availability?
The higher the population the more resources need to be produced. Natural resources will be overconsumed and not enough resources will be available for the whole population.
84
Can you propose solutions to manage population growth in a community?
One child per family policy Given better child care for people who chose to have less children Cash bonuses
85
What is birth rate ?
Is calculated according to the number of babies born in a year
86
What is death rate?
Is calculated according to the number of deaths in a year
87
What is the difference between pandemic and epidemic?
Epidemic is a virus that is contained in just one country while a pandemic is when that virus spreads across the worlds population.
88
What are factors that affect the birth rate?
Improved healthcare Increased food production Advanced technology
89
What are factors that affect the death rate?
Diseases War and conflict Scientific developments
90
What are the factors that affect people's life expectancy?
Nutrition Education Healthcare Housing Pollution levels Common diseases
91
How does people's economic status affect their life expectancy?
People with lower income cannot afford nutritious food and healthcare like people with higher income
92
What was the cause of the dramatic population growth that occurred globally?
Dramatic increase in food production
93
COMPLETE LAST MULTIPLE CHOICE IN STUDY GUIDE(pg23)
94
(T/F) A declining population can lead to economic challenges for a society
true
95
(T/F) Rapid population growth can strain resources such as food, water, and energy.
true
96
(T/F) Urbanization is a factor that can contribute to population growth.
true
97
(T/F) Rapid population growth can strain resources such as food, water, and energy.
true
98
(T/F) A declining population can lead to economic challenges for a society.
true
