Final Flashcards
(30 cards)
How big are most prokaryotes
.2-20 um in length
How do microorganism affect our lives
help make the food we eat and help with digestion
What was the purpose of the swan neck flask used by louis pasteur
to allow air but no microorganism to enter the flask
What is known as the four steps for proving causality between a microorganism and a disease
Kochs posulates
In microscopy, the ability to separate or distinguish between small objects that are close togther is called ____, while an apparent increase in object size is called
resolution, magnifaction
Function of lens in light microscope
The lights bends (refraction) and is focused on a speciman causing magnifaction
Dark field microscopy
specimen is visualized based on its ability to reflect light that comes in from the side
How do cytoplasmic membrane of the archaea and the bacteria differ
the primary type of lipid in the membrane, nature of the hydrocarbon chain, and the type of bond between tail and glycerol
What does it mean that the cytoplasmic membrane functions as a selective permeablilty barrier
It is selctive about what it let through - usally small ions
What does gram stains differentiate between
bacterial cells with different types of cell walls
Peptidoglycan
forms a sacculus that surrounds and encloses the cell for many bacteria
What does the bacterial cell wall do
Prevents lysis of cells in hypotonic envionments
Teichoic acids are charges molecules responsible for the
Negative charge of the gram-positive bacterial cell surface
Difference between flagella and pili
flagella faciliates swimming motility whereas some pili faciliate twitching motility
Inclusion bodies and ribosomes are located in the ____ in prokaryotes
cytoplasm
Where is the bacterial chormosome found in cells
nucleoid
What do gas vesicles in bacterium do
Help with boyency in bacterial cells
Basal body
Helps flagella move and is composed of L, P, MS, O proteins
Polyphosphate granules
phosphate storgae
mangnetosomes
alignment with the earth geomagnetic field
Poly-B-hydroxybutyrate granules
carbon storage
Endosymbiotic therory
Two eukaryotic organelles, the mitocondria and chloroplasts, orginated from the engulfment of prokaryotic cells by pre-eukaryotic cells
How do prokaryotes take up nutreints
ATP-binding cassette transporters, active transport, and group translocation
Sideophores
bind ferric ions and bring them into the cell
