Final

Question 1

Inspiration is?

Answer 1

breathing in (inhalation)

Question 2

expiration is?

Answer 2

moving away from lungs (exhale)

Question 3

Pharynx (throat)?

Answer 3

connects the nasal and oral cavity to the larynx

Question 4

larynx?

Answer 4

box like structure (made of carilage) “voice box” it holds vocal chords

Question 5

the glottis is what?

Answer 5

the opening in the larynx between the vocal cords

Question 6

epiglottis is what?

Answer 6

prevents void in the voice box, opens / closes

Question 7

Trachea is?

Answer 7

the “wind pipe”, cilia is found here so it’s ciliated. Filter sweepers, mucus secretes mucous here

Question 8

What are Bronchi?

Answer 8

the large tubes that connect to your trachea (windpipe) and direct the air you breathe to your right and left lungs

Question 9

Bronchioles are what?

Answer 9

the smallest air passageways in the lungs, branching off from the larger bronchi.

Question 10

alveolis are what?

Answer 10

tiny air sacs located in the lungs where gas exchange, specifically the transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide, occurs between the air and the bloodstream

Question 11

digestion is?

Answer 11

breaking down food into smaller nutrient molecules that can be absorbed and used by the body for energy.

Question 12

mechanical digestion occurs where?

Answer 12

mostly in the mouth (teeth)

Question 13

chemical digestion is?

Answer 13

enzymes to break down food

Question 14

the tongue is?

Answer 14

a muscle; taste buds

Question 15

salivary glands do?

Answer 15

produce saliva (salivary amylase)

Question 16

how many teeth do children and adults have?

Answer 16

children 20; adult 32 permanent teeth

Question 17

bolus is what?

Answer 17

mixture of chewed food and saliva

Question 18

esophagus is?

Answer 18

muscular tube

Question 19

what is peristalsis?

Answer 19

pushes food the way it should go

Question 20

heart burn

Answer 20

acids from stomach back up to esophagus

Question 21

the “j” shaped organ is?

Answer 21

stomach

Question 22

stomachs have what?

Answer 22

strong acid, goblet cells embedded in the lining

Question 23

how long does it take for food to turn into a liquid in the stomach?

Answer 23

4 hours

Question 24

how long is the small intestines?

Answer 24

6 meters, 2 cm diameter

Question 25

what is absorbed in the small intestines?

Answer 25

nutrients

Question 26

the small intestines is made of what?

Answer 26

villi, finger like projections that increase surface area for more absorption

Question 27

what are villi made of?

Answer 27

micro villi

Question 28

how long is the large intestines?

Answer 28

approximately 5 feet (1.5 meters) long, 6 1/2 cm diameter

Question 29

what happens in the large intestines?

Answer 29

whats not absorbed goes here, water, salts

Question 30

the appendix does what?

Answer 30

fights infection

Question 31

where is the appendix located?

Answer 31

front end of the large intestines

Question 32

immunity is what?

Answer 32

the body's ability to defend itself against disease or pathogens

Question 33

antigens are?

Answer 33

any foreign substances that stimulates the immune system to react.

Question 34

antigen receptors are?

Answer 34

protein that combines with an antigen

Question 35

what shape are antigen receptors?

Answer 35

Locke and key

Question 36

antibodies are?

Answer 36

shaped like antigen receptors, combine with antigens & neutralize them

Question 37

active immunity is?

Answer 37

the immunity which results from the production of antibodies by the immune system in response to the presence of an antigen. (prepared antibodies) temporary, breast feeding (babies)

Question 38

allergies are?

Answer 38

hyper sensitivity to substances

Question 39

allergens are?

Answer 39

response to antigens

Question 40

there are two types of allergens?

Answer 40

immediate response, and delayed

Question 41

auto immune system is?

Answer 41

immune system that attacks your own immune system, like its foreign. no cure; treatments

Question 42

parts of the urinary system?

Answer 42

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra,

Question 43

kidneys do what?

Answer 43

filter toxins from blood, nephrons round cells

Question 44

urinary bladder does what?

Answer 44

stores urine; 600 meals (water bottle is 500 meals)

Question 45

urethra is?

Answer 45

bladder & external opening, much shorter in females, bacteria climbs better in females