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Final Flashcards

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1
Q

Media bias

A

Liberal

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2
Q

Policy agenda

A

Issues the media covers, the public considers important, and the politicians address. Setting the agenda is the first step in political action.

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3
Q

Groupthink

A

Tendency among small group of decision makers to converge on a shared set of views; can limit creative thinking or solutions to policy problems

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4
Q

Gender gap

A

Women prefer democratic candidates

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5
Q

First mass media

A

Newspapers. Cost a penny.

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6
Q

Motor voter law

A

Passed in 1993, enables prospective voters to register when they receive their drivers license

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7
Q

Voter turnout

A

A measure of what proportion of eligible voters actually vast a legitimate ballot in a given election.
Ours is low as hell.

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8
Q

Paradox of voting

A

Cost of voting (informing yourself, travel, waiting in line) outweighs the apparent benefits.

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9
Q

Mandate

A

Political authority claimed by an election winner as reflecting the approval of the people.

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10
Q

Push poll

A

Form of negative campaigning that masquerades as a regular opinion survey. Usually conducted by a campaign or allied group; features strongly critical or unflattering information about an opponent.

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11
Q

Sampling frame

A

A designated group of people from whom a set of poll respondents is randomly selected.

Types of people they plan to poll

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12
Q

Random sample

A

Ea. Member has an equal chance of being selected.

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13
Q

New media

A

On demand access to info and entertainment through digital devices that feature interactive participation with content

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14
Q

Midterm election

A

National elections held between presidential elections involving all seats of the house of reps, one third of those in the senate, 36 governorships and other positions.

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15
Q

Incumbency advantage

A

People in office tend to stay in office.

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16
Q

Party id

A

Strong attachment to one party usually established by parents and friends.

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17
Q

New deal

A

Broad series of economic programs and reforms by FDR

Social security, unemployment

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18
Q

Partisanship

A

Quality of taking the side of a party or espousing a viewpoint that reflects a political party principles or position on an issue. Often decided by people who wish the parties would work together.

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19
Q

Party system

A

Broad organization of us politics comprising of two major parties, the coalition of supporters backing each, the positions they take on major issues and each party’s electoral achievement.

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20
Q

Interest groups

A

A group who tries to influence gov

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21
Q

Pluralism

A

Open participatory style of gov in which many different interests are represented.

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22
Q

Lobbyist

A

A person who contacts government officials on behalf of a particular cause or issue.

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23
Q

Budget deficit

A

Amount we will be in the hole

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24
Q

Public policy

Study These Flashcards
A

Policy related to things the public is concerned with.

25
Isolationism
Belief that a nation should not interfere in other nations affairs.
26
Soft power
Influence a nation exerts by attracting others through culture and commerce, a contrast to persuasion through force of arms or money.
27
Single member district
Minorities have a chance to get a representative.
28
Sample error
Error gets bigger with less sample size but only so good up to a certain point.
29
Critical election
Election where there are dramatic shifts.
30
17th amendment
Two senators from each state, six year term, ea. 1 vote.
31
19th amendment
Right to vote regardless of sex
32
Education & economic influences
More education more liberal More income more conservative More matters more generally
33
Differences and similarities of political parties and interest groups
Both advocate for issues One wants to control the other wants to influence. Interest group aren't trying to elect its members.
34
Negative incentives
Ostracizing, remind those things you get for free.
35
Elite centered model of political parties.
Parties serve a function. Elites want then. Useful for people running to get elected. Helps citizens get involved.
36
Federalist paper 10
Factions are "a number of citizens who are united and actuated by some common impulse of passion." --Madison Concern if one group has advantage in gov they will wield significant influence. Eliminate or control? Control.
37
Moral incentive
Pull heart strings to get work done.
38
Positive incentive
Benefits for support Joining aarp gets discounts.
39
Progressive reforms
New deal, social security, welfare, unemployment.
40
Functional party model
``` More realistic Have elections Should have different positions on policies Converge in center Run on differences ```
41
Responsible party model
Normative model Social norms, how they should act Clear policy choices Deliver on these choices and be held responsible
42
Broadcast and cable tv
Those who pay get different information | Undermines regulation
43
Liberal
Favor gov involvement in economy | Oppose gov in social issues
44
Libertarian
Oppose gov in social issues and economic ones Collective security -- a little
45
Conservative
Oppose gov economic involvement | Support gov social involvement
46
Medicare and Medicaid
Medicare - contributory, everyone gets | Medicaid - non contributory, help for needy
47
Contributory programs
Everyone gets | Medicare and social security
48
Non contributory programs
means-tested (based on wealth) AFDC -- replaced by TANF -- aids to families with dependent children. Food stamps Medicaid
49
Populist
Classical liberalism Genuine constitutional government
50
Realignment of 1860
Slavery. Dems and Whigs. Isolate slavery. Whigs in contention with each other. Reps emerge.
51
Realignment of 1896
No new party Industrial revolution. East west divide. West is unhappy railroads cost too much to ship goods. Advocate for elimination of gold standard. Grover Cleveland (Dem) says no. Populace movement, reps win office, strengthens rep party.
52
Realignment of 1932
Great Depression. FDR if states won't act the Feds will. Fundamental shift in our relationship with the Feds and president. Elected 4 times. Strengthens dems.
53
Food stamps
Changed to SNAP - supplemental nutritionist assistance program Non contributory
54
History of social security
Exclude large sectors of society No women - secretary jobs excluded No Africans - no agricultural jobs Getting married, having children gets, perpetuated stereo type
55
Modern welfare state
Not a lot of assistance if you are able bodied Small size Small coverage Focus on specific groups More business friendly
56
Great society programs
Lyndon B Johnson Medicaid, Medicare, welfare, food stamps
57
Foreign policy president
Receive ambassadors International agreements Treaties - senate approval - 1500 Agreements - 12000, no cong approval, temp Appointments Appoints key members of national security Use of military force Cic. Repel invasion Negative powers, to seize war Act of 1983 - 60 days to notify congress, with extra 30 or withdraw troops
58
Foreign policy congress
``` International agreements Approve treaties Appointments Approval Use of military force Declare war Power of the purse ```

American Government (3 decks)

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