FINAL

Question 1

The branch of philosophy that deals with questions concerning the nature and source of knowledge is called

Answer 1

EPISTEMOLOGY

Question 2

Philosophers have tradition defined _______________ as a true justified belief

Answer 2

KNOWLEDGE

Question 3

____________ knowledge is knowledge that is based on experience, and it is also known ass empirical knowledge

Answer 3

A POSTERIORI KNOWLEDGE

Question 4

__________________ is the claim that we cannot have true knowledge

Answer 4

SKEPTICISM

Question 5

The claim that sense experience is the sole source of knowledge about the world is called

Answer 5

EMPRIICISM

Question 6

A ____________ is a possible state of afairs that would prevent us from distinguishing a true belief from a false one

Answer 6

UNIVERSAL BELIEF FALSIFIER

Question 7

When Descartes discovered his first centainty, that he exists,he claimed “______________” or “I think, therefore I am.”

Answer 7

COGITO ERGO SUM

Question 8

Empiricists claim taht when we enter the world, our mind is like a blank slate, or a _______________

Answer 8

tabula rosa

Question 9

____________ is the claim that belief in God must be supported by objective evidence

Answer 9

EVIDENTIALISM

Question 10

_____________ is the belief in the monotheistic God

Answer 10

MONOTHEISM

Question 11

The claim that blief in God must be supported by objective evidence, and we dont have that evidence is called

Answer 11

ATHEISTIC EVIDENTALISM

Question 12

______________ is any attempt to prove that existence of God using reason and experience alone

Answer 12

NATURAL THEOLOGY

Question 13

Agnosticism could also be called

Answer 13

RELIGIOUS SKEPTICISM

Question 14

_________________ knowledge is something we know prior to, or without, experience that gives us real information about our world

Answer 14

a priori knowledge

Question 15

A being who contains the reason for its existence within its own nature is called a _______________

Answer 15

NECESSARY BEING

Question 16

A priori knowledge is the type of knowledge that is

Answer 16

JUSTIIED INDEPENDTLY OF, OR PRIOR TO EXPERIENCE

Question 17

__________ claims that reason is the primary source of knowledge about the world

Answer 17

RATIONALISM

Question 18

What claims are made by the position of constructivism?

Answer 18

The claim that knowledge is neither already in the mind nor passively received from experience, but that our mind constructs knowledge our of materials experience

Question 19

______________ claims that certainty is neccessary for us to have knowledge

Answer 19

SKEPTICISM

Question 20

Which philosopher used methodological skepticism asd a strategy for finding certainty?

Answer 20

DESCARTES

Question 21

What was the purpose of Descartes’ quest for certainty?

Answer 21

to find if there was any belief that was certain

Question 22

Which of the following truths would a rationalist consider to be a priori truths?

Answer 22

FUNDAMENTAL TRUTHS

Question 23

Ideas that are inborn and that the mind already contiains priori to experience are clalled

Answer 23

INNATE IDEAS

Question 24

According to locke, the kind of properties that do not reflect reality as it really is are

Answer 24

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY

Question 25

What is not an example of a priori knowledge?

Answer 25

ALL BACHELORS ARE UNMARRIED MEN ALL UNICORNS ARE ONE HORNED CREATURES EITHER THE TEAM WILL WIN THEIR NEXT GAME OR IT WONT

Question 26

What is not an example of posteriori knowledge

Answer 26

TADPOLES BECOME FROGS WATER FREEZES AT 32 DEGREES TOUCHING A HOT STOVE HURTS

Question 27

What are the three anchor points for rationalism?

Answer 27

REASON is the primary or most superior source of knowledge SENSE EXPERIENCE is a nunreliable and inadequate route to knowledge THE FUNDAMENTAL TRUTHS ABOUT THE WORLD CAN BE KNOWN A PRIORI they are either innate or self evident

Question 28

What are some issues within philosophy of religion

Answer 28

DOES GOD EXIST IF SO, WHAT IS GOD'S NATURE HOW DO WE DECIDE WHETHER OR NOT GOD EXISTS? DO WE NEED EVIDENCE OR PROOF? OR IS FAITH ALL WE NED IF YOU ACCEPT THE TRADITIONAL GOD, WHY DOES HE ALLOW BAD THINGS HAPPEN TO GOOD PEOPLE

Question 29

_____________ is the claim that one god created the world and sustains it while transcending it

Answer 29

MONOTHEISM

Question 30

What could fall under the category evidentialism?

Answer 30

THEISTIC EVIDENTIALISM NATURAL THEOLOGY ATHEISTIC EVIDENTIALISM AGNOSTICISM

Question 31

______________ developed the position of fideism

Answer 31

NONEVIDENTIALISM

Question 32

The principle of sufficient reason states that

Answer 32

THE PRINCIPLE THAT EVERYTHING THAT EXISTS MUST HAVE A REASON THAT EXPLAINS WHY IT EXISTS AND HAVE IT HAS THE PROPERTIES THAT IT DOES

Question 33

___________ developed a version of the teleological argument

Answer 33

WILLIAM PALEY

Question 34

What are some critcisms of the cosmological argument?

Answer 34

THE WORLD CONTAINS THINGS WHOSE EXISTENCE DEPENDS UPON SOME CAUSE EVERYTHING THAT EXISTS IS EITHER UNCAUSED OR CAUSED TO EXIST BY ANOTHER THERE CANNOT BE AN INFINITE REGRESS OF CAUSES, SO THERE MUST BE AN UNCAUSED FIRST CAUSE AN UNCAUSED FIRST CAUSE IS WHAT WE MEAN BY GOD

Question 35

The cosmological argument tries to answer what questions?

Answer 35

IS THE "FIRST CAUSE" NECESSARILY THE MONOTHELISTIC GOD WHY SHOULD GOD BE EXEMPT FROM CAUSED BY ANOTHER

Question 36

Which argument for the existence of God is based on the idea that evidence of design in the universe implies a designer?

Answer 36

TELEOLOGICAL ARGUMENT

Question 37

In his argument for God, ______________ uses the analogy of a watch found upon the ground

Answer 37

william paley

Question 38

____________ tries to convince people to believe in God by showing that believing in God is the safest bet

Answer 38

PASCAL

Question 39

What best describes the relationship between faith and reason according to Kierkegaard?

Answer 39

When faith and reason conflict, faith should be given priority over reason Belief in God must be feely chosen, it cannot be compelled by logic in any way

Question 40

Which theistic argument did the theory of evolution raised problems for?

Answer 40

DESIGN ARGUMENT

Question 41

____________ said, "Christianity is absurd."

Answer 41

KIERKEGAARD

Question 42

What are the premises in the First Cause version of the cosmological argument?

Answer 42

GOD IS PERFECTLY GOOD, OMNISCIENT, OMNIPOTENT, EVIL EXISTS IF GOD EXISTS AND IS A BEING WHO IS AS SAID ABOVE, THEN THERE WOULD BE NO EVIL IN THE WORLD AND THEREFORE DOES NOT EXIST.

Question 43

What are criticisms David Hume made of the design argument?

Answer 43

The analogy between human creations and the universe is weak This argument does not prove the traditional monotheistic God.