MIDTERM

Question 1

The literal translation of the word ___________ is “the love of wisdom.”

Answer 1

PHILOSOPHY

Question 2

_______________ is the study of the nature and the source of knowledge

Answer 2

EPISTEMOLOGY

Question 3

_______________ asks questions about the existence of god, the relationship between faith and reason, and why a good god lets bad things happen

Answer 3

PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION

Question 4

_______________ is the art of public speaking

Answer 4

RHETORIC

Question 5

The __________________ is the process of question and answer that Socrates used to get closer to the truth

Answer 5

SOCRATIC METHOD

Question 6

_________________ is the claim that there is only one kind of reality

Answer 6

METAPHYSICAL MONISM

Question 7

_________________ is the claim that reality is purely mental or spiritual in nature

Answer 7

METAPHYSICAL IDEALISM

Question 8

Descartes’ position that claims that the mind and body are separate entities, and they casualy interact with each otehr is called __________________

Answer 8

INTERACTIONALISM

Question 9

The version of physicalism which claims that we can continue to use the language of minds and mental events is called _______________

Answer 9

REDUCTIONISM

Question 10

________________ is the version of physicalism which claims that we should discard all language of minds and mental events

Answer 10

ELIMINATIVISM

Question 11

The metaphysical issue concerned with how we should understand the two aspects of self, whether non physical thoughts and feelings are caused by physical events, and if there is a mind at all is called the _______________

Answer 11

MIND/BODY PROBLEM

Question 12

The metaphysical issue concerned with the origins of our actions, whether we freely choose our thoughts and actions, and whether we can be morally responsible for actions beyond our control is called the _________________

Answer 12

FREE WILL VS DETERMINISM ISSUE

Question 13

Socrates referred to himself as the ____________

Answer 13

MIDWIFE OF IDEAS

Question 14

________________ is the criteria for evaluating a philosophy which states that the terms and concepts within your philosophy must be clearly defined

Answer 14

CLARITY

Question 15

_________________ is the criteria for evaluating a philosophy which evaluates how well the parts of a philosophy go together

Answer 15

COMPREHENSIVENESS

Question 16

Descartes position of dualism created an unlikely compromise between _________________

Answer 16

THE SCIENTIFIC AND RELIGIOUS VIEWS OF THE WORLD

Question 17

Which philosopher believed that the mind and body interact in the pineal gland?

Answer 17

DESCARTES

Question 18

What are some criticisms the physicalist makes of dualism?

Answer 18

Dualism violates the principle of the conservation of energy, the dualist cannot adequately explain where mind-body interaction occurs, and the dualist cannot adequately explain how mind body interaciton occurs

Question 19

Which position of free will vs. determinism issue claims that we do NOT have metaphysical freedom?

Answer 19

DETERMINISM

Question 20

The libertarian and the compatibilist both believe that ___________

Answer 20

WE HAVE MORAL RESPONSIBILITY

Question 21

The hard determinist and the compatibilist bot hbelieve that

Answer 21

WE HAVE MORAL RESPONSIBILITY

Question 22

Which position would claim that criminals cannot be held morally responsible for their behavior, their behaior is the inevitable result of previous causes, and they sould be given psychological treatment,not punishment?

Answer 22

HARD DETERMINIST

Question 23

According to agency theory, the two kinds of causes are

Answer 23

EVENT CAUSATION AND AGENT CAUSATION

Question 24

Sartre uses the term “transcendence” to refer to

Answer 24

the fact that our lives are defined by the possibilities we face and choices we make

Question 25

WHAT ARE SOME CRITICISMS MADE AGAINST DETERMINISM?

Answer 25

makes unwarranted generalization from a limited amount of evidence, confuses the methodological assumptions of science with metaphysical conclusions, and undermines the notion of rationality

Question 26

What are some of the arguments in favor of libertarianism?

Answer 26

The argument in favor of uncaused events

Question 27

Which position claims that circumstantial freedom is the kind of freedom necessary for us to be morally responsible, not metaphysical freedom?

Answer 27

COMPATIBILISM

Question 28

Socrates believed that he was the smartest guy in Athens because he

Answer 28

had found the ultimate truth, using the socratic method

Question 29

The sophists were

Answer 29

WANDERING TEACHERS WHO TAUGHT RHETORIC/SPEECH

Question 30

____________________ is a logical move that is used to show that your opponent's position leads to a contradiction

Answer 30

Reductio ad absurdum

Question 31

Who was accused and found guilty of corrupting the minds of the youth and teaching about gods other than the official gods of Athens?

Answer 31

SOCRATES

Question 32

After being accused and found guilty of corrupting the minds of the youth and teaching about gods otehr than the official gods of Athens, ______________ was sentenced to death by hemlock.

Answer 32

SOCRATES

Question 33

Socrates main teachings included

Answer 33

1. the unexamined life is not worth living 2. The truth lies within each of us. 3. We should strive for excellence in all areas of life. 4. No one knowingly does evil. 5. It is better to suffer wickedness than to commit it. 6. The soul is immortal

Question 34

In Plato's Allegory of the Cave, the world outside the cave represented

Answer 34

THE THEORY OF FORUMS

Question 35

In Plato's allegory of the cave, the physical world is represented by

Answer 35

THE METAPHOR --

Question 36

Plato believes that things like justice, and other non physical things, are all examples of

Answer 36

"HIGHER FORMS"

Question 37

A ________________ occurs when expressing two assertions that culd not both be true under any possible circumstances

Answer 37

LOGICAL INCONSISTENCY

Question 38

Which type of argument claims that the conclusion necessarily follows the premises?

Answer 38

DEDUCTIVE ARGUMENT

Question 39

___________________ is the branch of philosophy which sets out the principles for distinguishing correct reasoning from incorrect reasoning

Answer 39

ETHICS

Question 40

The branch of philosophy that asks questions about the nature of reality

Answer 40

METAPHYSICS

Question 41

The hard determinist and the libertarian both believe that

Answer 41

INCOMPATIBILISM IS TRUE

Question 42

The ____________ states that if two things do not have exactly identical properties, then they are not

Answer 42

Principle of the Non-Identity of Discernibles

Question 43

_________________ claims that we should get rid of all unnecessary entities in our theories and keep things as simple as possible

Answer 43

OCKHAM'S RAZOR

Question 44

_____________ is the position on the mind body problem that relates the human being to a comptuer, seeing the brian as being similar to the physical hardware of a computer, and the mind as being similar to a computer progroam software

Answer 44

FUNCTIONALISM