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1
Q

Mediational Assumption of IMB model

A

Information and motivation are mediated by behaviour skills. But can also have an independant influence on behavior

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2
Q

3 processes in the IMB model

A

Elicitation research
Intervention development
Evaluation

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3
Q

Elicitation research

A

Open-ended data collection to identify knowledge gaps, evaluate, motivations and then tailor an intervention to the target pop’s needs

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4
Q

Information

A

Necessary but not sufficient for behavior change. Knowledge-prevention link in all groups except IVDU`

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5
Q

Motivation

A

Attitudes and subjective norms combine to influence behavioural intention, and in turn behavior

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6
Q

Attitude

A

(Belief of consequences of behavior) x (evaluation of those outcomes)

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7
Q

Subjective Norms

A

(perceptions of others wishes) x (motivation to comply)

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8
Q

Attiudinal Change

A

Alter the person’s beliefs of possible outcomes of behavior, or change the value they place on the outcomes

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9
Q

Normative Chnage

A

Change perceptions of normative support, or change motivation to comply with referrants

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10
Q

Behavioural Skills

A

Preventative practices activated only by information and motivation. Integration of actual skill and self-efficacy

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11
Q

Amount of teens who do not regularly use contraception

A

1/2–> People suggest LARC for them but they can cause complications like infertility

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12
Q

% of abortions that are repeated

A

38-45%

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13
Q

Amount of western girls who are unvaccinated for HPV

A

1/2

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14
Q

Sexual Dyfunction

A

Problems with pain or experiencing no pleasure, the UN and health promotion recognize pleasure as important to health

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15
Q

Life Windows

A

Successful IMB model for adherence to antiretrovirals

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16
Q

HIV treatment

A

Biomedical model dominated over psychological/educational factors that can be addressed. Too much medical treatment, not enough SDOH oriented prevention

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17
Q

Reproductive Health Behavior Sequence

A

Self acceptance of sexuality
Create personal sexual and reproductive health agenda
Bring up prevention and unsafe sex practices
Public preventative or enhancement acts
Consistent preventative practice with your partner

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18
Q

sexualityandu.ca

A

Fischer made it. Address need for sustainable and affordable interventions. Not good but its something.

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19
Q

Exhortation

A

Communicating by emphatically encouraging someone to do something. Information- focused interventions.

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20
Q

Gay men AIDS BEHAVIOR

A

Modify risky sexual behavior. Influence IMB constructs for best effect. Workshops and seminars

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21
Q

IVDU AIDS BEHAVIOR

A

Elicitation research is lacking due to reliance on self-report data. Stress reduction and needle exchange. Information to protect their partner from transmission

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22
Q

Female Prostitutes AIDS BEHAVIOR

A

Nairobi trial used testing and AIDS education to reduce risk

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23
Q

STD patients AIDS BEHAVIOR

A

Motivate condom use with favorable knowledge and attitudes. Eroticize condom use

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24
Q

Adolescents AIDS BEHAVIOR

A

Conceptually developed interventions without elicitation research. Lack of social support could be a barrier for teen runaways

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25
Uni Students AIDS BEHAVIOR
No elicitation research. Information focussed interventions as opposed to IMB influence. Lack of experimental design makes it hard to attribute behavior change to intervention
26
General public AIDS BEHAVIOR
Informal and rare elicitation research. Primarily informational, mixed results
27
Dissemination and implementation
Active spreading of evidence based materials to a specific audience. DOI is most popular dissemination and implementation model
28
Who developed DOI
Mid west sociologists to study spread of hybrid corn seed in farmers
29
4 elements of the DOI
Innovation Communication Channels Time Social System
30
Diffusion
New idea or practice that filters through channels, passively over time
31
3 factors in the newness of an Innovation
New knowledge Persuasion influenced by others Change in attitude effecting decision to adopt
32
Attributes of a "likely to adopt" innovation
``` Perceived advantage** most important Compatibility with needs of pop Demonstrability to others Clarity of results Complexity, cost, reversibility Pervasiveness ```
33
3 types of innovation
Incremental--> small changes Distinctive--> Improvement but old tech, and approach Breakthrough--> New tech and approach
34
3 types of Communication Channels
Mass media Interactive--> social media Interpersonal--> Relationships affecting attitude
35
DOI time
Interval between awareness of idea and actually adopting it
36
Adopter categories
Innovators (2.5%) Early adopters (13.5%) Late majority (34%) Laggards (16%)
37
Adoption rate
S-shaped curve. Slow rise with innovators, step increase with late majority until a plateau
38
Innovation Decision Process
``` Awareness--> exposure and understanding Persuasion--> attitude formation Decision Implementation--> behaviour change Confirmation--> seek reinforcement for change ```
39
Homophily
People in society connected by a common goal. Innovations spread faster through similar groups
40
Change Agent
People who motivate adopters decision favorably
41
Opinion leader
Influential people in community that sway beliefs and actions either positively or negatively
42
3 ways to speed diffusion
Promote perceived relative advantage Change social norms by activating peer networks Utilize champions to promote innovation
43
4 limitations of DOI
No true innovations in health Often designed for low SES, low literacy --> hard to adopt PH is preventative, must adopt today Adoption is rarely linear
44
Pro-Innovation Bias
Rapid diffusion and adoption by all members of society with no rejection or reinvention--> this is impossible for many health objectives (smoking)
45
Pool Cool
DOI for skin cancer prevention in kids/parents. Theory driven, intensive diffusion strategies have a positive effect on implementation and maintenance
46
Social Marketing
Use of commercial strategies to help population acquire a health behavior. Popular in government and not-for-profit. Used for positive and negative health behaviors
47
Aim of SM
Generate demand for a class of behavior by influencing attitudes and priorities. Change behavior's with social implications
48
SM development
1960s India, to promote family planning and condom use
49
Exchange Theory
Exchanges by parties to create social change. Transactions must be beneficial and stress appeal of behavior.
50
8 Ps of Marketing Mix
``` Product Price Place--> where it is performed/exposure to message Promotion--> communication method Public--> primary/secondary Partnership Policy--> environmental support to sustain change Purse strings ```
51
Weinreich 5 steps of SM
``` Planning Message/material development Pre testing Implementation Evaluation ```
52
4 steps in SM planning
Formative research Analysis Segment target audience Strategy development --> 8 P's
53
2 Advantages of SM
Extensive formative research and use of marketing mix | Pretesting components before implementation
54
4 limitations of SM
Requires a lot of lead time in planning PH goal is to reach everyone--> SM segments audience May be considered motivational manipulation Lack of respect for SM at top levels
55
3 topics Covered by LMHU
Birth control/reproductive health STI testing Needle Exchange
56
3 services by LMHU birth control clinic
Birth control options, counselling and purchase Pregnancy testing and counselling Pap tests and STI swabs
57
LMHU birth control clinic target pop
Women up to 50, some counties it is only 24 | By appointment only mon-thurs, pill purchase in mon-friday
58
LMHU STI clinic
Emergency contraceptive pill and pregnancy testing No charge STI testing -- drop in mon-wed
59
Sexual health promotion team members
1 clinic manager 3 full time PH nurses 1 full time health promotor Students and volunteers
60
4 duties of sexual health promotion team
Develop media campaigns, provide resources, fairs Advocacy and policy development Collab with community agencies and orgs Parenting courses and sessions--> sessions free
61
5 LMHU priority populations
``` At risk women and youth Sex trade people LGBT2Q Prisoners PWID ```
62
3 campaign topics foccused on by LMHU
Chronic disease prevention and early cancer detection Injury and substance abuse prevention Child and reproductive health
63
4 Ontario standards LMHU must do
Reduce transmission and number of people with STIS Provide place for testing and treatment Decrease unplanned pregnancies Increase people making positive health choices
64
Teen pregnancy, Chlamydia, Gonnorhea and HIV in london
TP--> falling rate, higher in london than Ontario Chlamydia--> Highest rates in 20-24, falling sharply for LMHU Gonnorhea--> Lower rates in lon, than Ontario HIV--> still high in London
65
Get Tested Western
Collaboration with USC to break word record for most STI tests. The goal motivated participation
66
3 factors to consider in selecting a theory for PH
Behavior Target population Desired outcomes
67
3 levels of interaction to consider in theory selection
Intrapersonal--> HBM, TTM, IMB Interpersonal--> SCT, TRA, TPB Community--> DOI, SM
68
3 benefits of a school intervention
Captive audience because the kids have to be there Easier to reach parents through schools Implement programs by building on curriculum
69
3 challenges in school interventions
Developmental stage of students vary Schools have competing interests and few resources Very political
70
2 benefits of workplace intervention
Captive audience, lots of people work | Health promotion in workplace is cost-effective
71
3 challenges in workplace intervention
Employees don't want to mix business and personal Programs don't meet individual needs Lack of time and incentive to engage
72
Special population interventions
Focus on trust, confidentiality and honesty Look beyond behaviour at hand, explore SDOH causation Often a harm reduction approach
73
Helicopter In
Go in, do job and leave, without getting to know population or considering SDOH
74
4 considerations in PH interventions
Translation Dissemination Adoption Effective implementation
75
Translation
Innovations prepared for practitioners before release to general population . Modify to reach new audience and gain acceptance
76
3 factors in PH intervention adoption
Program characteristics Message characteristics Adopter
77
5 factors in effective implementation
``` User receives correct content by following process Delivered with the right dosage Right people are involved Intended participants fully engage Delivered in correct setting ```

Health Behavior (2 decks)

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