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Entomology > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Family Cicindelidae

A

Tiger beetles
Large compound eyes
Pincher mandibles
Larvae build tubes in soil

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2
Q

Carabidae

A

Ground beetles
Elytra striated
Nocturnal predators
Pronotum more pronounced than darling beetles

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3
Q

Dyticidae

A

Predacious diving beetle
Aquatic
Carry air bubble under elytra

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4
Q

Gyrinidae

A

Whirligig beetle
“2” pr compound eyes, really just one eye split underwater and over water
Bumper cars

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5
Q

Staphylinidae

A

Rove beetles
Short elytra
Long sharp mandibles cross in front of head
Defensive odors

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6
Q

Scarabaedae

A

Scarab beetles
Scavengers or phytofagous
Dung beetles, Hercules, June, Japanese beetles

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7
Q

Buprestidae

A

Flat headed borers
Attack live or newly cut trees
Larvae make oval tunnels/galleries

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8
Q

Elateridae

A 
Click beetles
Pronotal shield horns
Eyespots common
Defense: click noise and flip backwards
Bioluminescence
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9
Q

Lampyridae

A

Fireflies
Females wingless
Lucifern: light enzyme
Femme fatale use light to trick other male species

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10
Q

Dermestadie

A

Skin beetles
Feed on flowers
Larvae feed on dead plants and animals
Larvae used to clean bones

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11
Q

Coccinelidae

A

Lady bird beetles
Predators on aphids
Some pests
Hibernate in summer

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12
Q

Tenebrionidae

A

Darling beetle
Elytra fused, no wings
Predators, detrivores
Head stand and reflexive bleed

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13
Q

Meloidae

A

Blister beetles
Flexible elytra
Pronotum more narrow than head
Hyper metamorphosis
Eat pollen
1st instar: triungulin, jumps on bee then eats it’s eggs
Adults produce canthardin, toxin that makes blisters

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14
Q

Cerambycidae

A

Round headed borers
Long antennae
Larvae eat wood
Round galleries

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15
Q

Chrysomelidae

A

Leaf beetles
Skeletonizes leaves
Colorado potatoes, corn root worm, flea beetles

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16
Q

Curculionidae

A 
Weevils or about beetles
Club like antennae with snout 
Eat plants
Adults play dead
Boll weevil: cotton
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17
Q

Scoltyidae

A

Bark beetles
Eat inner bark of trees
Aggregation pheromones: call others to tree it found
Transmit blue stain fungi

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18
Q

Order Mecoptera

A 
Scorpion flies
Mouthparts beak like appearance, chewing mouthparts on end 
Bulbous genetalia in males
Adults eat small spiders 
Pupate in cells in soil
Nuptial gifts
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19
Q

Order Siphonaptera

A

Fleas
Use comb to pick into hair of mammal
Larvae feed on debris, host skin flakes or adult feces, blood
Lay eggs on host and they fall off
Bubonic (bite), pneumonic (bacteria in lungs) and septicemic (bacteria in blood) plague

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20
Q

Order Diptera

A

Flies
1pr wings
1pr hatlteres

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21
Q

Family tipulidae

A

Crane flies
Delicate
Feed on nectar
Larvae aquatic

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22
Q

Culicidae

A 
Mosquitos 
Female has piercing mouthparts
Johnston's organ is used
All larvae aquatic wrigglers, pupae tumblers
Breathe through snorkel
Anopheles: malaria
Aedes: yellow fever
Culex: filariasis
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23
Q

Chiranomidae

A

Midges
Adults don’t feed
Use hemoglobin to suck up oxygen

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24
Q

Simuliidae

A 
Black flies
Adults have humpback
Live in clean flowing water
Pupate in silk cocoon 
Females bite 
River blindness
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25
Q

Tabanidae

A 
Horse flies: stationary host
Deer flies: moving host
Iridescent eyes 
Females blood sucking 
Some species vector diseases nematode across eye
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26
Q

Asiidae

A

Robber flies
Head hollowed out between eyes
Capture prey on their wings

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27
Q

Drosaphidae

A

Pomace, small fruit flies
Eat decaying vegetation
Important in breakdown of vegetation

28
Q

Argromyzidae

A

Leaf miner flies
Plant feeders
Form leaf mines
Recognizable by type of mine

29
Q

Muscidae

A

Teste fly: live birth, blood feeders, transmit fatal protozoan disease
House fly: lay eggs in garbage, liquid feeders, can transmit food disease
Stable fly: bite people and animals, larvae found in straw

30
Q

Calliphoridae

A

Blow flies
Maggots used to remove gangrenous tissue
Lay eggs in wounds
Myiasis: disease from fly feeding on tissue
Can determine time of death

31
Q

Sarcophagidae

A

Flesh flies
Like blow flies but black
Larvae eat animal material
Some are parasites

32
Q

Tachinidae

A

Tachinids
Parasite on other insects
Bristles on abdomen
Parasite on Lepidoptera, lay eggs in insect body that burrow in

33
Q

Tephritidae

A

Fruit flies
Bands on wings
Lay eggs in fruit then mark it so other females will go somewhere else

34
Q

Order Trichoptera

A

Caddis flies (case flies)
Ancestors to moths
Liquid feeders
Oviposit into water
Larvae abdominal gills
Critical for environment, only found in clean water
Net spinners, case builders, free living are predators

35
Q

Parasites vs. Parasitoids

A

Parasitoids kill, parasites do not

36
Q

Order Lepidoptera

A

Butterflies and Moths
Silk glands in mouth
Also skippers: mix of butterfly and moth
Antennae make them different: B: clubbed, M: not clubbed, S: hooked
Larvae have prolegs: fake hook legs and crochets: hook them up to cocoons
Predator defense: concealment, crypsis, chemicals, hair, mimicry, disposable parts, and mutualists
Fly to Mexico for winter
Mate: butterflies: day fliers, m and f find mates, moths: night fliers

37
Q

Family Papillionade

A

Swallow tails
Eye spots
Osmeterium: scent gland on head for defense

38
Q

Family danaidae

A

Milkweed (monarch and queen butterflies)

Short range pheromones

39
Q

Family Noctuidae

A

Armyworms, bollworms etc.
moths
Long range pheromones
Pests

40
Q

Family Sphingidae

A

Hawk and Sphinx moths
Larvae have conspicuous spine (puppy tail)
Pupa have pitcher shaped handle mouth

41
Q

Family saturniidae

A

Giant silkworm moths
Stinging hairs
Important for Native American food

42
Q

Order Hymenoptera

A

Bees, wasps, ants, sawflies
Females ovipositor sting
Eggs that are fertilized become females, unfertilized are males
Make eggs laid first so sisters can mate when they are born

42
Q

Suborder Apocripta

A

Stinging bees/wasps, parasitic wasps, ants
Chewing mouthparts or modified sucking
Wings held together by hamuli: hooks

43
Q

Suborder Symphata

A 
Saw flies 
Ovipositor needle or saw like 
Insert eggs into wood
Eat plants 
Larvae like carts pillars but no crochets
44
Q

Parasitoid wasps

A 
Very small
Touch host with ovipositor only
Attack any stage
Chalcid wasps: pest control, figs
Cynipid wasps: make galls on plants
45
Q

Sawflies

A

Feed on foliage

46
Q

Family Ichneumonidae

A

No sting
Ovipositor to saw into wood for food
Eat larvae of holometabs like borers

46
Q

Family sphecidae

A

Mud daubers, sand wasps

Hunt specific prey

47
Q

Solitary stinging wasp

A

Paper and wood nests

Capture food and bring back to nest

47
Q

Family pompilidae

A

Spider, tarantula hawks
Nervous searching/ hunting behavior
Dance around spiders

48
Q

Family megachilidae

A

Leaf cutter bees
Tube nests lined with leaves
Last egg laid hatched first

49
Q

Solitary stinging bees

A

Plumper hairs
Pollen baskets
Some nest parasites: take over other bugs nests, kill larvae and lay their own in the nest

50
Q

Social Hymenoptera

A

Pre-social: gregariousness, brood care, communal nesting, nest provisioning
Eusocial: cooperative brood care, caste systems, overlapping generations

51
Q

Primitive Eusocial Wasps

A

Queen threatens other females and denies them food to be dominate
When queen dies next meanest female takes over

52
Q

Advanced social wasps

A

Huge paper nests, 1000s of wasps
1 reproductive queen
True divisions of labor

53
Q

Primitive Eusocial Bees

A

Nest in abandoned cavities

Queens rule through aggression

53
Q

Family Mutilidae

A

Velvet ant wasps: bright orange, powerful sting

54
Q

Advanced Social Bees

A

Honey bees
Multiple cells in honeycomb
Variety of jobs

55
Q

Ants (Hymenoptera)

Family Formicidae

A

Evolved from wasps
Polymorphism and polyethism
Caste
Winged repros, sterile workers

55
Q

Family Anthrophoridae

A

Carpenter bees

56
Q

Army ants

A

Stationary phase: reproductive

Mobile phase: while colony moves to find food

58
Q

Leaf cutter ants

A

Chop up leaves to take back to colony

Let leaves grow fungus to eat

60
Q

Slave raider ants

A

Have fights between black and red
Winner steals others babies and raises them as their own
Dulosis

62
Q

Protector ants

A

Farm aphids and scales

64
Q

Carpenter ants

A

Infest rotting wood

66
Q

Honey pot ants

A

Make huge ball of nectar on abdomen to feed to others

Entomology (3 decks)

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