Final Flashcards

1
Q

4Ds

A

Deviance
Distress
Dysfunctional
Dangerous

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2
Q

What are the major components of the MSE

A
Appearance
Motor
Speech
Affect
Thought content
Thought process
Perception
Intellect
Insight
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3
Q

MINI mental status exam

A
Orientation
Short term memory
Concentration
Arithmetic ability
Language
Praxis-learning
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4
Q

Scoring of the MMSE

A

Traditional score threshold is >23

21-25 inconclusive
26 highly likely

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5
Q

Stanford Binet intelligence test

A

Average IQ 100 SD 15.

<70 disability
>130 intellectually gifted

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6
Q

Deviation intelligent quotient

A

IQ

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7
Q

Wechsler adult intelligence scale (WAIS-4)

A

Adult intelligence

Avg 100 SD 15

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8
Q

Personality tests

A
MN multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI)
Beck depression inventory (BDI)
Projective tests (emotional functioning)
-Rorschach ink blot 
-thematic apperception test (TAT)
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9
Q

Neuropsychological testing

A

Uses behavioral measures to asses skills and abilities to brain function

Cognitive skills

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10
Q

MRI

A

Diagnose disease that affect nerve fibers that make up the white matter

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11
Q

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)

A

Metabolic activity of neurons

Areas of brain damage

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12
Q

FMRI

A

How people react to stimuli in time

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13
Q

Diffusion tensor imagining (DTI)

A

Investigate abnormalities in white matter of brain adn neural pathways

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14
Q

Biological perspective and TX

A

Disturbances due to neurotransmitters imbalanced

Psychotherapy meds/surgery
Electroconvulsive therapy

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15
Q

Psychodynamic perspective and TX

A

Freud
Defense mechanisms

Psychodynamic therapy —self awareness

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16
Q

Behavioral perspective and TX

A

Due to faulty learning experiences

Classical conditioning pavlov-automatic responses

Operant conditioning-skinner-voluntary behaviors

Counterconditioning-systematic desensitization
Contingency management-token economy
Modeling

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17
Q

Cognitive perspective and TX

A

Product of disturbed thought

Cognitive restructuring
Cog. Behavioral therapy
Acceptance and commitment therapy

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18
Q

Humanistic perspective and TX

A

People are motivated to strive for meaning in live

Person-centered (Rogers)
Self-actualization (Maslow)

Unconditional positive regard
Motivational interviewing

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19
Q

Person centered theory

A

Rogers

Individuals uniqueness

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20
Q

Self actual inaction theory

A
Hierarchy of needs
Physiological
Safety
Love/belonging
Esteem
Self-actualization

Maslow

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21
Q

Positive psychology

A

Seligman

Potential for growth and change

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22
Q

Agoraphobia

A

Intense anxiety triggered by real/anticipated exposure to situations which they may not be bale to get help or escape

  • public transportation
  • enclosed space
  • open space
  • outside of home alone
  • lines or a crowd
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23
Q

TX for agoraphobia

A
Benzodiazepines
SSRI
SNRI
Relaxation training
Panic control therapy
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24
Q

Ddx for anxiety disorder

A
Cardiovascular problem
Arrhythmia
Endocrine disorder
MI
PE
Neurologic conditions
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25
OCD MC in who?
Mc in young males and adult women
26
TX for OCD
Clomipramine Satiation therapy Thought stopping
27
BDD TX
Obsession about appearance SSRI CBT
28
Trichotillomania
Pull out one’s own hair
29
Excoriation disorder MC in?
Picking at ones own skin 3/4 female
30
TX for BDD and trichotillomania
Habit reversal training—learn new response to compete with habit Stimulus control
31
TX for PTSD
SSRI Virtual reality therapy Eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR)
32
Dysphoria
Intense sad mood
33
How common is depression
6-10% have current depression 2x as common in weomen
34
Secrets of depression 7
``` Common Missed Easy to diagnose when looking Severe Recurrent Costly Highly treatable ```
35
Patient health questionnaire
Depression
36
Depressive disorders
Major depressive disorder Dysthymic disorder Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
37
Major depressive disorder
At least 2 weeks of depressed mood or loss of interest nearly all day +4 s/s
38
Subtypes of major depression
Psychotic: plus delusions/hallucinations Seasonal Atypical Postpartum
39
Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)
C depression of less intensity 3 symptoms for 2 years +
40
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD)
In children with irritability and outbursts that are developmentally inappropriate and 3x/wk+
41
Bipolar 1 vs bipolar 2
1: one of more manic episodes and possibility of major depressive 2: one or more depressive episodes and at least one hypomanic episode
42
Cyclothymic disorder( subtype of bipolar)
S/s more chronic and less severe Meet criteria for hypomanic episode. Numerous depressive periods and NEVER meet criteria for major depressive Lasts at least 2 years
43
Treatment for bipolar s
SSRI, SNRI, TCA, MAOI Lithium ECT Deep brain stimulation Behavioral activation CBT
44
Women vs men and suicide
Women: more attempts, less lethal succeed less often Men: fewer attempts, more lethal, succeed more
45
One of the top 3 causes of death in young adults and teens
Suicide
46
5 components to suicide risk
``` Ideation Intent Plan Access to lethal means History of past attempts ```
47
What is schizophrenia classified as
A spectrum disorder
48
Neologisms
Make up new words and think people understand them and know them.
49
Bleuler’s for A’s
Association: thought disorder Affect: emotional disturbance Ambivalence: can’t follow through Autism: withdrawal from relating In regards to schizophrenia
50
Psychotic disorder s/s
Delusion Hallucinatin Disorganized speech Catatonic/disorganized behavior
51
Schizophrenia or disorder
S/s of schizophrenia but 1-6months
52
Schizoaffective disorder
Schizophrenia with co-occurring with major affective disorder such as major depressive or bipolar
53
Delusional disorder
Only s/s are delusions for at least one month
54
Treatment for schizophrenia/psychotic disorders
Neurileptics (antipsychotic) Thorazine and hallow ``` Extrapyramidal symptoms (rigid muscles, tremors, struggling, restless) Tardive dyskinesia (involuntary movements of the mouth, arms and trunk of the body) ``` CBT cognitive training
55
Personality disorders
``` Pattern that is pervasive and inflexible. Manifests in 2/4: Cognition Affect Interpersonal functioning Impulse control ```
56
Paranoid personality disorder
Always on guard and impossible to trust others. Project blame on others
57
Schizoid personality disorder
``` Alone No desire to love Insensitive to others feelings Perceived as cold Find situations that involved minimal interaction ```
58
Schizotypal personality disorder
Odd beliefs, behavior, appearance, ideas, etc.
59
Antisocial personality disorder
``` Disregard for society moral/legal standards Psychopathy!!!!!! Lack remorse Poor judgment Incapacity for love Lack of emotional response Impulsive Never nervous Unreliable, untruthful and insincere ```
60
Borderline personality disorder
Poor impulse control and instability in mood | Avoid abandonment, intense unstable relationships, impulsive, etc
61
Histrionic personality disorder
Exaggerated emotional reactions approaching theatrical in everyday behavior Love center of attention
62
Narcissistic personality disorder
Inflated sense of self-importance and lack of sensativity to others around Entitlement
63
Grandiose narcissism
Think of self entireled in inflated way
64
Vulnerable narcissism
Internally weak sense of self, sad when someone important betrays them
65
Avoidant personality disorder
``` Fearful and extremely sensitive to Disapproval Rejection Criticism Ashamed/embarrassed ```
66
Depended PD
Strongly drawn to others=Cliny | Unable to make decisions
67
OCPD
Perfectionism Worrying, indecisive, and behaviorally rigidity
68
TX for PD
Best to CBT
69
Echolalia
Autism | Reptivition of vocal noises made by someone else
70
Autistic savants
Develop very narrow and specifically focused interests
71
Dementia affects
3-11% of those older than 65
72
Mnemonic fo causes of dementia
``` Drugs Endocrine Metabolic/mechanical Epilepsy Nutrition/NS Tumor/trauma Infection Arterial ```
73
Risk factors for Alzheimer’s
Genetics Smoker Obese Lack of exercise
74
Somatoform disorders
Caused by the mind and reflected by the body Somatic symptom disorder (somatization) Illness anxiety disorder (hypochondriasis) Conversion disorder Factisious disorder
75
Somatic symptom disorder
Somatization aka Psychological distress displaced in form of physical symptoms and spend great deal of time researching them and seeking treatment for them
76
Clues to somatization
``` Thick chart syndrome Change in utilization with increasing unexplained complaints Vague confusing bizarre s/s Resistance to inquiry Physicians heart sink response ```
77
Illness anxiety disorder
Hypochondriasis
78
Conversion disorder
Aka conversion hysteria NS s/s that cannot be explained Blindness, weakness, paralysis etc
79
Factitious disorders
Fake s/s due to internal need to maintain sick role—munchausen’s syndrome Falsifying s.s for primary (internal motivations) gain Malingering: Falsifying s.s for secondary (external motivations) gain. Ex: time off
80
TX of somatic symptom and related disorders
SSRI CBT Hypnotherapy Interpersonal therapy