FINAL - Chapter 5 Organic Nomenclature

Question 1

Branched hydrocarbons

Name two common ones

Answer 1

With at least 4 carbons, take methyl and add to another carbon

Isopropyl (like a y)
tert-butyl (like a y with straight line through, tree)

**remember alphabetical order is still isopropyl p)

Question 2

Differentiating between esters and ethers

Answer 2

Esters
Main chain is between O’s
Side chain on other O
Propyl ethanoate

Ethers
Priority chain
methoxyethane

Question 3

Structural isomers
Positional isomers
Functional isomers

Geometric
Optical/Enantiomers

Answer 3

All are constitutional isomers, having same chemical formula but different

Structural: different bonding
Positional: different positions of functional groups
Functional: different functional groups (not necessarily same position

All have same molecular formula but different spatial orientations
Geometric: Rotation around double bond (cis/trans), cannot conform
Each hydrogen has H and non hydrocarbon
Optical Isomers: Non superimposible mirror images, need chrical carbon

Question 4

Cis/trans

Answer 4

Each carbon has two different groups

Does apply if the carbon on the left has the same two groups as carbon the right