Final-Crime and deviance

Question 1

Behaviors that violate social norms

Answer 1

Deviance

Question 2

Expectations for behavior

Answer 2

Norms

Question 3

Norms about customs, traditions, and etiquette

Answer 3

Folkways

Question 4

Seriously protected norms that reflect the morals and values of a social group.

Answer 4

Mores

Question 5

Most seriously protected norms; codified and require specific enforcements

Answer 5

Laws

Question 6

Ways societies try to influence members’ behavior to maintain social order.

Answer 6

Social Control

Question 7

Overheated, short-lived periods of intense social concern about an issue.

Answer 7

Moral panic

Question 8

People who try to influence societies toward increased awareness of and concern over the violation of social norms.

Answer 8

Moral entrepreneurs

Question 9

Functionalist theories of deviance.

Answer 9

focus primarily on the social purposes of deviance. They seek to understand why people engage in deviance.

Question 10

Conflict theories of deviance

Answer 10

focus primarily upon power relations in society, and the ways in which the powerful understand deviance in ways thatbenefit themselves. They seek to understand how norms, rules, and laws are created and shaped through processes of social, political, and economic power.

Question 11

true or false: deviance can solve problems through innovation.

Answer 11

true

Question 12

Degree to which we identify with and maintain social rules and connections.

Answer 12

Social Cohesion

Question 13

Asocial lack of morals for behavior that lead to deviance

Answer 13

anomie

Question 14

Strain theory

Answer 14

Functionalist theory that describes five adaptations to strain: conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism, and rebellion.

Question 15

stress that results from anomie, or a lack of morals for behavior

Answer 15

strain

Question 16

Functionalist theory that describes five adaptations to strain:conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism, and rebellion.

Answer 16

Strain theory

Question 17

Functionalist theory that says delinquency is a function of convenience and access to delinquent behavior.

Answer 17

Opportunity theory of deviance

Question 18

Set of shared values, beliefs, and understandings about how the world should be.

Answer 18

Worldview

Question 19

Type of domination in which the powerful obtain the consent or support of the subordinated

Answer 19

hegemony

Question 20

Theory that deviance is learned through intimate personal contacts.

Answer 20

Differential association

Question 21

Theory that claims deviance arises from a weakening of social connections.

Answer 21

Control theory

Question 22

Theory that deviance is created through reactions to an act.

Answer 22

Labeling Theory

Question 23

Cesare Lombroso

Answer 23

One of the founders of criminology; scientist who argued that crime is explained by biological abnormalities.

Question 24

Act that violates the penal code.

Answer 24

Crime

Question 25

Written laws that govern behavior in a particular jurisdiction.

Answer 25

Penal Code

Question 26

Violent crimes and property crimes that are more common in public spaces and often involve the police.

Answer 26

Street crime

Question 27

Crimes like fraud, embezzlement, and other unethical acts or business practices that are typically not carried out on the street or in public spaces and don’t use physical force.

Answer 27

white collar

Question 28

Person who violates the penal code.

Answer 28

Criminal

Question 29

Group of people linked together in a specific way.

Answer 29

social network

Question 30

Connections and attachments to people and institutions in mainstream society.

Answer 30

social bonds

Question 31

Strategy to reduce crime through the design of buildings and physical space.

Answer 31

Crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED)

Question 32

Theory of policing that argues that small signs of disorder lead to outbreaks of more serious crimes.

Answer 32

Broken windows policing