Final Essay

Question 1

What does Race refer to?

Answer 1

It is socially constructed and refers to the physical differences that a society considers significant

Question 2

What three characteristics point to the fact that Race is a Social Construct?

Answer 2

1) Race isn’t based on biology (can’t use DNA to test for it); 2) categories change over time; 3) racial categories don’t have firm boundaries

Question 3

What do Gender Roles refer to?

Answer 3

Society’s concept of how people are expected to look and behave based upon societally created norms for masculinity and femininity

Question 4

What four agents of socialization are integral to development and perpetuation of Gender Roles?

Answer 4

1) Family; 2) school; 3) peers; 4) mass media

Question 5

How does Family teach us to Do Gender? (5 items)

Answer 5

1) Family influences gender norms from the time we’re born by the clothes they dress us in (girls are often dressed in pink and boys in blue); 2) toys they give us to play with; 3) gender reveal parties have become a common tradition for expecting parents; 4) girls are often given more leeway in going outside or gender norms, but boys are given greater opportunity and privilege overall; 5) girls are allowed to show more emotion than boys.

Question 6

How does School reinforce Gender Role norms? (2 items)

Answer 6

1) Teachers treat boys and girls differently, for example the feedback given to girls tends to relate more to aethstetics whereas boys are given feedback on the actual content of their work; 2) unlike boys, girls are often convinced (inadvertantly or otherwise) that “math is hard” and they “can’t do it”

Question 7

How do Peers reinforce Gender Role norms? (2 items)

Answer 7

1) Males gain prestige through athletic ability, sense of humor, and risk taking; 2) females gain prestige through social status and physical attractiveness

Question 8

How does Mass Media reinforce Gender Role norms? (4 items)

Answer 8

1) By elevating males leading roles; 2) through commercials reinforcing inequality; 3) beauty industry plays on the a female’s need to be attractive; 4) through the over-sexualization of female characteristics

Question 9

What are five Social Determinants of Health?

Answer 9

1) Education; 2) culture; 3) socioeconomic status; 4) environment; 5) access to healthcare

Question 10

What are six common Social Institutions?

Answer 10

1) Education; 2) family; 3) religion; 4) government; 5) healthcare; 6) economy

Question 11

What are five ways that the institution of Education significantly impacted my life and the norms and behaviors that have led me to become the person I am?

Answer 11

1) Instilled the need to compete for recognition in order to secure benefits/rewards; 2) allowed me to build academic skills and knowledge required for effective problem solving and critical thinking; 3) allowed me to build skills required for effective communication and collaboration; 4) taught me to effectively organize and express my thoughts and ideas; 5) taught me how to effectively present myself in a way that meets society’s expectations such that I am able to gain and maintain employment (image management)

Question 12

What is a Social Movement?

Answer 12

Purposeful, organized groups that strive to work toward a common social goal

Question 13

What four levels do Social Movements occur on?

Answer 13

1) Local; 2) state; 3) national; 4) global

Question 14

What four stages can many types of Social Movements be described in?

Answer 14

1) Preliminary stage; 2) Coalescence stage; 3) institutionalization stage; 4) Decline stage

Question 15

What are four types of Social Movements?

Answer 15

1) Alternative movements; 2) redemptive movements; 3) reformative movements; 4) revolutionary movements

Question 16

Which type of Social movement is characterized by self-improvement level specific beliefs, behaviors (Alcholics Anonymous, planned parenthood, Mothers Against Drunk Driving)?

Answer 16

Alternative movements

Question 17

Which type of Social movement is characterized by individual to sect-level and seeks “meaning”, provokes inner change, spiritual growth?

Answer 17

Redemptive (or religous) movements

Question 18

Which type of Social movement is characterized by seeking to change specific parts of social structure, applied to entire population (suffrage, healthcare reforms, etc)?

Answer 18

Reformative movements

Question 19

Which type of Social movement is characterized by seeking to change every aspect of society dramatically (Civil Rights Movement, political movements)?

Answer 19

Revolutionary Movements

Question 20

Whch type of Social Movement is limited and involves specific individuals?

Answer 20

Alternative movements

Question 21

Which type of Social Movement is radical and involves specific individuals?

Answer 21

Redemptive (or religous) movements

Question 22

Which type of Social Movement is limited and involves everyone?

Answer 22

Reformative movements

Question 23

Which type of Social Movement is Radical and involves everyone?

Answer 23

Revolutionary Movements

Question 24

Which Social Movement stage is characterized by awareness spreading, leaders emerging?

Answer 24

Preliminary stage

Question 25

Which Social Movement stage is characterized by publicity, awareness, and organization?

Answer 25

Coalescence stage

Question 26

Which Social Movement stage is characterized by established organization, paid staff (no more volunteer force)?

Answer 26

Institutionalization stage

Question 27

Which Social Movement stage is characterized by people losing interst/taking up new movements or change is accomplished?

Answer 27

Decline stage

Question 28

What are two models of the Resource Mobilization theoretical perspective?

Answer 28

1) Existing social movement sector; 2) social movement industry

Question 29

Which model of the Resource Mobilization theoretical perspective is defined by pre-existing social movement industries with varying constituents and goals?

Answer 29

Existing social movement sector

Question 30

Which model of the Resource Mobilization theoretical perspective is defined by a collection of social organizations striving toward similar goals?

Answer 30

Social movement industry

Question 31

What are three types of Framing relative to theoretical perspectives?

Answer 31

1) Diagnostic framing; 2) Prognostic framing; 3) Motivational framing

Question 32

Which type of theoretical perspecitve framing is characterized by a problem being clearly defined, no shades of gray?

Answer 32

Diagnostic framing

Question 33

Which type of theoretical perspecitve framing is characterized by offering solutions & implemenation strategy?

Answer 33

Prognostic framining (multiple prognostic frames can compete within a diagnostic frame)

Question 34

Which type of theoretical perspecitve framing is characterized by a call to action?

Answer 34

Motivational framing

Question 35

List three Revolutionary Social Movements

Answer 35

1) Arab Spring; 2) Black Lives Matter; 3) Cuban Revolution

Question 36

List four Reformative Social Movements

Answer 36

1) Women's suffrage; 2) #MeToo; 3) The Fight for $15; 4) Environmental Conservation Movement

Question 37

List three Alternative Social Movements

Answer 37

1) Narcotics Anonymous; 2) Mothers Against Drunk Diving (MADD); 3) Planned Parenhood

Question 38

List two Redemptive Social Movements

Answer 38

1) Jehova's Witnesses; 2) Christian fundamentalism

Question 39

What type of movment is the Environmental Conservation Movement?

Answer 39

Reformative movement

Question 40

What level does the Environmental Conservation Movement operate at?

Answer 40

Global

Question 41

What aspect of global norms and interactions does the Environmental Conservation Movement seek to change?

Answer 41

The way we we use natural resources, control pollution, and impact climate change

Question 42

What stage is the Environmental Conservation Movement in?

Answer 42

Institutionalization stage

Question 43

What are indicators that the Environmental Conservation Movement is in the Institutional Stage?

Answer 43

The fight for change has now been taken on by well established and staffed organizations, including non-profit and governmental institutions alike.

Question 44

What model of Resource Mobilization does the Environmental Conservation Movement employ?

Answer 44

Social movement industry

Question 45

What are indicators that the Environmental Conservation Movement is a Social Movement Industry?

Answer 45

It consists of a multitude of social organizations currently striving for the same goal and is capable of mobilizing adequate resources to bring to the proverbial fight

Question 46

What type of framing does the Environmental Conservation Movement use?

Answer 46

Motivational framing

Question 47

What are indicators that the Environmental Conservation Movement uses Motivational Framing?

Answer 47

It calls people all over the world to action in order to preserve our planet and associated ecosystems

Question 48

Describe the Environmental Conservation Movement from a Structural-Functionalist point of view

Answer 48

The Environmental Conservation Movement can be seen as a means of pushing back against the dysfunction threatening the stability of our planet and associated ecosystems

Question 49

What are three ways I've been impacted by the Environmental Conservation Movement

Answer 49

1) Lessening of the rate of climate change and associated changes in global temperatures, and severity and frequency of natural disasters; 2) increase in energy rates due to increased regulations and more stingent requirements lobbied for by the environmental conservation movement industry; 3) impact to engineering design responsibilities due to changes in HVAC system and equipment operation parameters and regulatory requirements resulting from the lobbying efforts of the associated environmental conservation organizations

Question 50

How would a conflict theorist view the Environmental Conservation Movement?

Answer 50

Capitalism vs. Marginalized communities. A key aspect of this perspective is the critique of capitalism, which is seen as inherently unsustainable and prone to environmental degradation due to its emphasis on profit and resource extraction. Environmental problems disproportionately affect marginalized communities, who often lack the resources and power to resist environmental injustice.

Question 51

How would a Symbolic Interactionist theorist view the Environmental Conservation Movement?

Answer 51

A symbolic interactionist would analyze the environmental conservation movement by focusing on how individuals define and interact with environmental issues and how these meanings shape actions and social change. This includes examining the symbols, language, and social interactions that promote environmental awareness and activism

Question 52

What is the acronym for six common social institutions

Answer 52

E-F-R-G-H-E

Question 53

What is the acronym for five social determinants of health

Answer 53

E - C - S - E - H