Final exam

Question 1

Inductive Discipline

Answer 1

An adult helps make the child aware of feelings by pointing out the effects of the child’s misbehavior on others

AOF

Question 2

Egocentrism

Answer 2

Failure to distinguish the symbolic viewpoints of others from one’s own.

FDSV

Question 3

Private Speech

Answer 3

Children’s self directed speech

Question 4

Animistic Thinking

Answer 4

The belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities, such as thoughts, wishes, feelings, and intentions

TWFI

Question 5

Associative play

Answer 5

A form of true social interaction in which children engage in separate activities but exchange toys and comment on one another’s behavior.

Question 6

Cooperative play

Answer 6

A form of social interaction in which children orient toward a common goal, such as acting out a make-believe theme

SICG

Question 7

Make-believe play

Answer 7

A type of play in which children act out everyday and imaginary activities

AOEIA

Question 8

Preschoolers appetites _________ because their growth has ________

Answer 8

decline, slowed

Question 9

Preschoolers are _______of new foods

Answer 9

Wary

Question 10

By 5 months of age, body weight has _______

Answer 10

Doubled

Question 11

By 1 year, body weight has _________

Answer 11

trippled

Question 12

By the end of the first year an infant’s height is ____ greater than it was at birth

Answer 12

50%

Question 13

By 2 years, an infant’s height is ____ greater than it was at birth

Answer 13

75%

Question 14

Cephalocaudal growth trend

Answer 14

lower part of the body grows later than the head

Question 15

Proximodistal growth trend

Answer 15

Extremeties grow later than head, chest, and trunk

Question 16

Prereaching

Answer 16

reaching with no “target, “ no eye focus or intent

Question 17

Ulnar Grasp

Answer 17

the reflexive grasp that newborn children
demonstrate

Question 18

Pincer Grasp

Answer 18

using the first two fingers and the opposing
thumb to pick up objects

Question 19

Palmar Grasp

Answer 19

demonstrated much later in toddlerhood, where a crayon or pencil is grasped in the palm of the hand

Question 20

Secure attachment

Answer 20

Use the parents as a secure base; actively seek contact with the parent when he or she returns (65%)

Question 21

Avoidant Attachment (20%)

Answer 21

Seem unresponsive to the parent and are slow to greet the parent upon reunion

Question 22

Resistant Attachment (10%)

Answer 22

Seek closeness to the parent and are distressed and angry when the parent returns

Question 23

Disorganized/Disoriented Attachment (5-10%)

Answer 23

Pattern reflects the greatest insecurity. At reunion, these infants often show confused, contradictory behaviors

CCB

Question 24

Basic emotions

Answer 24

happiness, sadness, fear, anger

Question 25

self-conscious emotions

Answer 25

Shame, embarrassment, guilt, envy, pride SEGEP

Question 26

Stranger anxiety

Answer 26

Infants and toddlers are fearful of strangers, but it depends on temperament, past experiences with strangers, and the current situation.

Question 27

babbling

Answer 27

Repetition of consonant–vowel combinations in long strings, beginning around 6 months of age RCVCLS

Question 28

Cardinal counting

Answer 28

counting numbers that start from 1 and go on sequentially and are not fractions

Question 29

ordinality

Answer 29

order relationships between quantities (3 is more than 2, and 2 is more than 1) ORBQ

Question 30

cardinality

Answer 30

the last number in a counting sequence indicates the quantity of items in the set

Question 31

Emergent literacy

Answer 31

Children’s active efforts to construct literacy knowledge through informal experiences AECLKIE

Question 32

Code of ethics

Answer 32

don't jeopardize the well being of children, no implications on health and well being, every child/family has the right to privacy and confidentiality, and report results accurately

Question 33

First stage of sensorimotor

Answer 33

Reflexive schemes (B-1 month)

Question 34

second stage of sensorimotor

Answer 34

primary circular reactions (1-4 months)

Question 35

third stage of sensorimotor

Answer 35

secondary circular reactions (4-8 months)

Question 36

fourth stage of sensorimotor

Answer 36

Coordination of secondary circular movements (8-12 months)

Question 37

fifth stage of sensorimotor

Answer 37

Tertiary circular reactions (12-18 months)

Question 38

sixth stage of sensorimotor

Answer 38

Mental representations (18 months - 2 years)

Question 39

Noam Chomsky's LAD

Answer 39

A system that contains a set of rules common to all languages.

Question 40

Authoritative parenting

Answer 40

involves high acceptance and involvement, adaptive control techniques, and appropriate autonomy granting HAI, ACT, AAG

Question 41

Authoritarian parenting (think N for negative)

Answer 41

low in acceptance and involvement, high in coercive control, and low in autonomy granting LAI HCC HAG

Question 42

Permissive parenting

Answer 42

is warm and accepting but uninvolved WAU

Question 43

Uninvolved parenting

Answer 43

combines low acceptance and involvement with little control and general indifference to issues of autonomy LAI LC GIA

Question 44

Over regularization in language

Answer 44

overextending the rules to words that are exceptions

Question 45

underextension

Answer 45

apply words too narrowly

Question 46

overextension

Answer 46

apply words too broadly

Question 47

letter reversals can be common until what age?

Answer 47

7

Question 48

what is mirror writing (letter reversal) due to?

Answer 48

poor working memory as well as weaknesses in visual processing skills

Question 48

what letters/numbers do children typically reverse?

Answer 48

b, d, q, p, 9, 5, and 7

Question 49

accommodation

Answer 49

Adjusting old schemes and creating new ones to better fit environment

Question 50

accommodation is most likely to occur when

Answer 50

a child encounters something brand new, changes or adjusts their schemes

Question 51

assimilation

Answer 51

using current schemes to interpret external world

Question 52

assimilation is most likely to occur when

Answer 52

a child is at play