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Nurs 126 > Final exam > Flashcards

Final exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Therapeutic milieu

A

Positive and safe physical settings, interactions, and activities that promote recovery.

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2
Q

Abstract thinking

A

Thinking characterized by the ability to use concepts and to make and understand generalizations, such as of the properties of pattern shared by a variety of specific items or events

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3
Q

Orientation phase

A

First time nurse and pt. meet. Focuses on building rapport

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4
Q

Working phase

A

Identifing and exploring issues and emotions

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5
Q

Termination phase

A

summarizing progress, ending relationship

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6
Q

Countertransference

A

Nurse responds emotionally to pt. as if they were a significant figure from the past

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7
Q

Transferance

A

pt. inappropriately displaces patterns of behavior or emotional reactions on person as if they were a significant figure from the past

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8
Q

acting out

A

(Immature defense) addressing emotional conflicts or stressors by actions rather than reflections of feelings

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9
Q

Splitting

A

(immature defense) inability to combine the positive and negative aspects of people

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10
Q

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)

A

seeks to modify negative thoughts that lead to dysfunctional emotions and actions

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11
Q

autocratic leadership

A

(controls group) does not encourage interaction among members

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12
Q

Free association

A

Mental process by which one word or image may spontaneously suggest another without any apparent connection

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13
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Cholinergic neurotransmitters
-increase in depression
-decrease in Alzheimers

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14
Q

Adrenergic

A

Sympathetic NS “fight of flight”
NT - norepinephrine & epinephrine binds to alpha and beta receptor sites

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15
Q

Antipsychotics

A

block dopamine

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16
Q

Extrapyramidal symptoms

A

side effects of antipsychotics
- pseudoparkinsonisms, akathisia, acute dystonic reactions, tardive dyskinesia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome

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17
Q

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

A

Inhibit the enzyme monoamine oxidase from breaking down monoamines (ex. norepinephrine)
- excess tyramine w/ medication cases hypertensive crisis

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18
Q

Neuroleptic Malignant syndrome

A

Potentially fatal
- Muscle rigidity, tremor, diaphoresis, hypertension, tachycardia, hyperexia, incontinence

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19
Q

NMS treatment

A

Discontinue medications, transfer to ICU, treat autonomic dysfunction (Diaphoresis, hypertnesion, tachycardia, hyperexia, incontinence)

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20
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Monoamine
- increased in schizophrenia, mania, anxiety
- decreased in depression

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21
Q

Psuedoparkinsonism

A

Body destroys ability to move dopamine
- masklike face, stiff & stooped posture, shuffling gait, drooling
- treat w/ diphenhydramine

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22
Q

Akathisia

A

Inner restlessness, rocking, tapping foot, pacing, cannot fix range of motion
treat
-Treat w/ diphenhydramine

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23
Q

Anticholinergic

A

Blocks acetylcholine from attaching to receptor
-blocks rest & digest

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24
Q

Antidepressant

A

Decreased levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine
-4-6 weeks of treatment to reach normal levels

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25
Dopamine
Monoamine -increased in schizophrenia & mania -decreased in depression
26
y-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
GABAa and b -decreases mania, anxiety, and schizophrenia
27
tardive dyskinesia
Constant movement, tongue thrusting or lip smacking - discontinue medication
28
Serotonin syndrome
Side effect of SSRI's -high fever, high BP, tachycardia, agiation -over stimulation of serotonin receptors; common when 2 SSRIs are used together
29
anergia
lack of energy
30
Electroconvulsive therapy
3 indications - drug therapy failed - pt. is acutely suicidal - depressed pt is experiencing suicidal symptoms
31
Major depressive disorder
Emotional, cognitive, & behavioral symptoms that interfere w/ a person's life - history of one or more episodes of major depression
32
Vagus nerve stimulation
Adjunct, long term treatment of pts. w/ treatment-resistant depression -affects blood flow in the brain
33
Dysthymia
(persistent depressive disorder) -functional -mild-to-moderate depression -at least 2 yrs of duration
34
Light therapy
First line of treatment for seasonal affective disorder -full spectrum wavelength ligth
35
vegetative signs of depression
somatic changes & alterations in activities necessary to support physical life & growth (sleeping, eating, elimination, sex) -less likely to be diagnosed
36
Bipolar I
one or more periods of major depression w/ at least on period of mania
37
Bipolar II
One more more periods of major depression w/ at least one period of hypomania
38
Flight of ideas
nearly continuous flow of accelerated speech & abrupt changes among topics usually based on understandable associations or play on words -"how are you doing kid? Kidding around, I'm going home. Home sweet home. Home is where the heart is"
39
Anhedonia
lack of pleasure
40
Echolalia
Mimicking another's words
41
Grandiosity
Person's unrealistic & exaggerated concept of self-worth, importance, worth, & ability
42
Ideas of reference
Misinterpreting messages of others giving private meaning - Seeing nurses talking and assuming thery are plotting your murder
43
Negative symptoms of Schizo
Affective blunting or flat affect - lack of motivation, pleasure, and energy
44
Positive symptoms of schizo
Hallucinations, delusions - bizarre behavior - alterations in speech (neologisms, echolalia, clang associations, word salad)
45
Paranoia
Any intense, or strongly defended irrational suspicion
46
Hallucination
sensory perceptions for which no external stimulus exists
47
Delusion
False fixed beliefs that cannot be corrected by reasoning
48
Acute dystonic reaction
Pt. frozen in pain by acute contractions of tongue, face, neck, back - emergency treatment of diphehydramine
49
Thought insertion
belief that thought of others are being inserted into ones mind
50
Thought broadcastin
belief thoughts can be head by others
51
thought withdrawl
belief thoughts have been removed from ones head
52
dystonia
state of abnormal muscle tone resulting in sustained muscle spasm
53
Alzheimer's disease
Primary dementia (10-20yrs0 - neurofibrillary tangles and plaques develop in brain - progressive loss of cognitive function & behavior changes 4 stages: mild, mild-mod, mod-severe, late-end stge
54
Sundowning
Symptoms and problem behaviors become more pronounced in evening (delirium & dementia
55
Abuse
habitual use of substance that falls outside of medical necessity or social acceptance -alter ones mood, emotion, or consciousness
56
Addiction
compulsive behavior centered on drug use and seeking behavior -motivated by cravings - chronic-relapsing brain disorder despite negative consequences to health, mental state, relationships, occupation, finances, & legal issues
57
Withdrawal
Physiological and psychological s/s associated w/ stopping &/or reducing use of substance - physical dependens
58
Alcoholics anonymous
12 step program offering behavioral, cognitive, and dynamic structure needed for recovery
59
Dual diagnosis
pt. often have substance abuse disorder & psych disorder - both treated as primary disease
60
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrom
Thiamine deficiency - ataxia, acute confusion, loss of ability to learn/ remember if permanent
61
Cluster A - odd/ eccentric disorders
Paranoid Schizoid Schizotypal
62
Paranoid disorder
distrust of others Responds best to factual information
63
Schizoid disorder
emotional detachment loners
64
Schizotypal disorder
socially inept Magical thinking odd speech may seek help depending on anxiety in social situations easily overwhelmed
65
Cluster B Socially dramatic
antisocial borderline narcissistic histrionic
66
Antisocial disorder
-highly manipulative to get what they want violates the rights of others lack empathy (SET LIMITS)
67
Borderline Personality Disorder
instability in relationships inner emptiness impulsive acts (self-mutilation, suicide attempts) fear of abandonment splitting
68
Narcissistic
Grandiose need for admiration, arrogance entitlement "all about me"
69
Histrionic disorder
excessively emotional provocative & seductive manipulate others to get attention they crave
70
Cluster C Anxious/ fearful
Avoidant dependent Obsessive compulsive
71
Avoidant Disorder
social inhibition social withdrawal avoidance
72
Dependent Disorder
need to be cared for trouble making decisions
73
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
Perfection/orderliness keep control of world by organizing it
74
General anxiety disorder
excessive anxiety and worry for greater than or equal to 6 months "what if" thoughts
75
Flooding
Treating phobias - exposure to disturbing ideas, situations, or conditions until no longer production anxiety
76
Stress-reducing techniques
relaxation, reframing, sleep, exercise, lower/eliminate caffeine
77
cycle of violence
continuing cycle of violence alternating w/ periods of safety, hope, & trust - escalation & deescalation 3 phases - tension building, serious battering, honeymoon
78
Tension-building phase
Victim -feels helpless, compliant, accepts blame, "walks on eggshells" Abuser - edgy, minor explosions, verbally abusive, minor hitting or pushing
79
Serious battering phase
Victim - tension unbearable, victim may provoke to get over with -remembers incident, try to cover injury -most likely to seek help after Abuser -may not remember
80
Honeymoon phase
Abuser - "undoing" actions, makes promises, buys gifts Victim -trusting, hopes for change - wants to believe promises
81
Drugs used in rape
GHB, Rohypnol, Ketamine
82
Crisis
Acute, time-limited phenomenon experienced as an overwhelming reaction to a stressful event in which a person does not have adequate coping skills -causes a state of disequilibrium
83
3 types of crisis
Maturational- different stages of growth stressors situational- personal/ physiological; interpersonal/social Adventitious: disasters

Nurs 126 (3 decks)

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