Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Clinical Neuroscience > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

(51 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Jet Lag

A

a disruption of circadian rhythms due to crossing time zones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Brain death

A

no sign of brain activity and no response to any stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Narcolepsy

A

a condition characterized by frequent periods of sleepiness during the day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The Activation-Synthesis Dream Hypothesis

A

a dream represents the brain’s effort to make sense of sparse and distorted info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The Neurocognitive Dream Hypothesis

A

regards dreams as thinking that takes place under unusual conditions; iow brain generates images from nonsense/no context info from organs during sleep from internal/external stimuli–> hallucinatory perception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is emotion?

A

cognition (thoughts), feelings and actions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pure autonomic failure

A

condition when output from the autonomic nervous system to the body fails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Manic Episode

A

an period of restless activity, excitement, laughter, excessive self-confidence, rambling speech and loss of inhibitions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Craving

A

an insistent search for something

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Empathy

A

the ability to identify with other people and share their experience almost as if it were one’s own

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Delusion

A

unjustifiable beliefs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Amnesia

A

memory loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Schizophrenia

A

a split between the emotional and intellectual aspects of experience; characterized by a mix hallucination, delusions, and disorganized thinking and behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Positive symptoms

A

behaviors present that should be absent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hallucinations

A

false sensory experiences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If a patient has delusional beliefs can they still have them even if they’re show evidence of the contrary?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which area of the brain inhibits/modifies the amygdala’s response to potential threatening stimuli?

A

the prefrontal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Anterograde amnesia vs retrograde amnesia

A

Anterograde: inability to form memories AFTER brain damage

Retrograde: loss of memory for events that occurred BEFORE brain damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where does light from the right side of the world strike?

A

left side; from left–> right; from top–> bottom, from bottom–> top

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Why are behavioral symptoms of schizophrenia not apparent until later in life?

A

A prime area of damage is the prefrontal cortex, which matures very slowly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What do Natural Killer Cells attack?

Study These Flashcards
A

ALL intruders (tumors, viruses, bacteria)

22
Q

What are some examples of negative symptoms?

Study These Flashcards
A

Algia (speaking), flat affect (emotion)

23
Q

What is an example of positive symptoms?

Study These Flashcards
A

catatonic behavior, delusions & hallucinations

24
Q

What are the effects of stress on the immune system?

Study These Flashcards
A

Brief stress activates the immune system, prolonged stress weakens it

25
What is the most seriously impaired in patients with dyslexia?
the ability to remember sequences and temporal order of sounds
26
What is a common cognitive symptom of schizophrenia?
-interpreting things too literally -understanding and using abstract concepts -difficulties with attention -memory impairments
27
Patients with schizophrenia may not qualify for a diagnosis because of?
Drug abuse, brain damage and other conditions need to be ruled out
28
Which behavior is most suggestive of schizophrenia?
-delusions/hallucinations
29
What is the difference between BPI and BPII
BPI: full fledged manic episodes BPII: mild or hypomanic episodes (shorter)
30
Why do infections products similar symptoms/effects (fever, loss of energy, sleepiness)?
because cytokines send prostaglandins to the brain
31
Patients with schizophrenia typically show...
reduced white matter in the brain
32
Sue is experiencing inanimate objects talking to them for the past 8mths. No sign of drugs/alcohol abuse. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Schizophrenia
33
Tom witnessed a murder and is experiencing nightmares and insomnia. What is the most likely diagnosis?
PTSD
34
What is activity of the left hemisphere associated with?
logical side (math, language, analytic processing); controls right side of the body
35
What is the right hemisphere associated with?
creativity, controls left side of the body
36
What happened to the change in circadian rhythym of submarine workers?
Even though they try to maintain an 18hr day schedule, their body generate alertness matching a 24 hr cycle
37
What is the loss of language ability called?
Aphasia
38
Define psychoneuroimmunology.
the study of the ways in which experiences, especially stressful ones, alter the immune system and how the immune system influences the central nervous system
39
Brocca's aphasia leads to difficulty...
producing speech (limited language to short speech)
40
What is the function of working memory?
to store information while we are working with it
41
True or false: Damage to the prefrontal cortex leads to impairment making decisions and emotional processing.
True
42
True or false: The limbic system is regarded as non-critical for emotion.
False
43
Which drug is a strong agonist?
one with high affinity and high efficacy
44
What is a common therapy for SAD?
bright light
45
What are the names of the two autonomous NS subdivisions?
Sympathetic (emergency responses), parasympathetic (rest & digest)
46
True or false: startle responses are greater in already anxious p's.
True
47
What area of the brain is key for learned fears?
Amygdala
48
True or false: Stress activates the sympathetic nervous system and the HPA axis responds slowly, but can persist as long as necessary.
TRUE
49
Can leukocytes destroy tumor/viral cells?
Yes
50
Which cells attack a particular kind of antigen?
B Cells
51
Wernickle's aphasias
speech disorder where p is unaware that the words produced are incorrect or nonsensical

Clinical Neuroscience (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions