final exam

Question 1

this class of clefting involves the cleft of the soft palate and hard palate that continues through the alveolar ridge on both sides leaving a free premaxilla usually associated with bilateral cleft lip

Answer 1

class 6

Question 2

what causes clefting of the lip?

Answer 2

incomplete fusion of maxillary process and globular process

Question 3

these are ready made, contoured arch bars that are adapted to fit accurately to each tooth and provide hooks for connecting the arches

Answer 3

arch bars

Question 4

what diet is essential for promotion of healing?

Answer 4

protein and vitamins such as A, C, and riboflavin

Question 5

what is open reduction used for?

Answer 5

the use of a surgical flap procedure to expose the fracture ends and bring them together for healing

Question 6

what descriptive words are used to classify a fracture?

Answer 6

location, direction, nature and severity

Question 7

this class of clefting involves the cleft of the soft palate and hard palate that continues through the alveolar ridge on one side of the premaxilla- usually associated with cleft lip of the same side

Answer 7

class 5

Question 8

what is contraindicated with a patient that has xerostomia?

Answer 8

lemon and glycerin swabs

Question 9

other than American dental association, what can ADA stand for?

Answer 9

Americans with disabilities act

Question 10

what are predisposing causes of fractured jaws?

Answer 10

tumors, cysts, osteoporosis, or osteomyelitis

Question 11

how many times a day should a caregiver clean the mouth of an unconscious patient?

Answer 11

three times

Question 12

this cleft is a submucous cleft in which the muscle union is imperfect across the soft palate..the palate is short, the uvula is often bifid, a groove is situated at the midline of the soft palate and the closure to the pharynx is incompetent

Answer 12

class 7

Question 13

how often should a patient be seen in office if they have a cleft?

Answer 13

every 3-4 months

Question 14

when is final orthodontic treatment done on a patient with clefting?

Answer 14

during mixed dentition years or later

Question 15

when is surgery preformed on cleft lip?

Answer 15

2-3 months of age…

child must be 10 wks of age, 10 lbs and achieved serum hemoglobin of 10 mg

Question 16

who is cleft lip more common in?

Answer 16

males

Question 17

a combination of two levels is also possible such as a right Le Fort 1 and a left Le Fort 2

Answer 17

Le Fort Combination

Question 18

what are traumatic causes of fractured jaws?

Answer 18

domestic violence, gunshots, sporting injuries, falls, road traffic accidents and industrial accidents

Question 19

what type of patients are contraindicated for IMF?

Answer 19

pt. with chronic airway diseases

pt who vomit regularly

pt. with mental illness

dietary problems

oral hygiene and dietary limitations lead to increased dental caries and perio infection

Question 20

what are the types of mandibular fractures described by location?

Answer 20

alveolar process, condyle, angle, body, symphysis

Question 21

this type of classification of clefting is a cleft of the tip of the uvula

Answer 21

class 1

Question 22

who is cleft palate more common in?

Answer 22

females

Question 23

how can you confirm appointments with deaf patients?

Answer 23

use the state telecommunication relay service to call a deaf patient directly with reminders

Question 24

what are examples of risk factors that can cause clefting?

Answer 24

multifactorial genetic and environmental

1 in 500 births of Asians and native Americans

early in first trimester-
use oft tobacco
alcohol consumption
phenytoin, vitamin a, corticosteroids, drug abuse

maternal age >40 yrs

inadequate diet such as vitamins, esp. folic acid

lack of prenatal care and instruction

Question 25

this type of fracture classification by nature has no communication with outside

Answer 25

simple

Question 26

this type of fracture classification by nature is shattered

Answer 26

comminuted

Question 27

this clefting class involves clefting of the soft palate and hard palate

Answer 27

class 4

Question 28

when a patient has a cleft palate, what are some things you want to insure?

Answer 28

biofilm removal, fluoride use

Question 29

when someone has had fixation, what type of diet is recommended?

Answer 29

liquid or soft diet

Question 30

this represents a failure of normal fusion of embryonic processes during development in the first trimester of pregnancy?

Answer 30

cleft lip and palate

Question 31

how early is orthodontic treatment started on a patient in with clefting?

Answer 31

as early as 3 yrs

Question 32

what are facial deformities involved with clefting?

Answer 32

depression of the nostril on the side with cleft lip deficiency of upper lip which may be short or retroposed over prominent lower lip

Question 33

how is legal blindness defined?

Answer 33

having central vision of no more than 20/200 in the better eye with glasses or having peripheral fields of no more than 20 diameter

Question 34

this is accomplished by applying wires or elastic bands between the maxillary and mandibular arches

Answer 34

intermaxillary fixation

Question 35

what clinical signs may be present with a fractured jaw?

Answer 35

pain upon movement tenderness on slight pressure displaced teeth, fractured or mobile muscle spasm crepitation laceration, bleeding, discoloration (ecchymosis) and enlargement of soft tissue

Question 36

this type of fracture classification by nature is known as green stick, has one side of a bone broken and the other side bent

Answer 36

incomplete

Question 37

what mouth rinse should be used after oral surgery?

Answer 37

chlorhexadine 0.12% rinse or saline

Question 38

what are some oral manifestations of someone with a cleft palate?

Answer 38

malocclusion, poorly formed teeth and a mouth breather

Question 39

What is essential for building gingival tissue resistance?

Answer 39

a varied diet that includes adequate portions of all essential food groups

Question 40

the high level craniofacial fracture extends transversely across the bridge of the nose, across the orbits and the zygomatic arches, and across the pterygoid plates

Answer 40

Le Fort 3

Question 41

this type of fracture classification by nature has communication with outside

Answer 41

compound

Question 42

the midface fracture extends over the middle of the nose, down the medial wall of the orbits, across the infraorbital rims and posteriorly, across the pterygoid plates

Answer 42

Le Fort 2

Question 43

when does a cleft lip become apparent?

Answer 43

by the end of the second month in utero

Question 44

this type of fracture involves shattering bone

Answer 44

compound comminuted

Question 45

this is double vision, perception of two images of a single subject

Answer 45

diplopia

Question 46

when a patient has not been able to masticate properly, the patient may have frequently induced intake of?

Answer 46

soft and cariogenic foods, frequent and sugary snacks, intake of high sucrose and energy beverages

Question 47

this prohibits discrimination on the basis of a disability and requires public and commercial facilities to meet standards of accessibility by removing architectural, transportation and communication barriers

Answer 47

americans with disabilities act

Question 48

what types of systems are used for immobilization??

Answer 48

transosseous wiring plates of various sizes titanium mesh bone clamps, staples and screws

Question 49

what methods of feeding are optional when someone has had fixation?

Answer 49

plastic straw, spoon feed, tube feed

Question 50

when can gingivitis develop?

Answer 50

9-19 days

Question 51

what weeks does the cleft palate and lip form during gestation?

Answer 51

lip- 4th and 8th week palate- 6th and 12th week

Question 52

what is the healing time for a fracture?

Answer 52

6 weeks for mandibular 4-6 weeks maxillary

Question 53

when does a cleft palate become evident?

Answer 53

by the end of the third month

Question 54

what are the common missing teeth of someone with clefting?

Answer 54

maxillary lateral incisors, maxillary premolar, and mandibular second premolars

Question 55

this class of clefting involves a cleft of the soft palate

Answer 55

class 3

Question 56

this is placed before eruption of maxillary teeth at the cleft site... it creates a normal architecture through which the teeth can erupt

Answer 56

alveolar graft

Question 57

to control bleeding, what is something a patient could use?

Answer 57

bite on a tea bag firmly for 30 minutes

Question 58

this class of clefting is a cleft of the uvula (bifid uvula)

Answer 58

class 2

Question 59

what are children with cleft palates more susceptible to?

Answer 59

upper respiratory and middle ear infections breathing problems speech problems such as nasally tones

Question 60

this is a prosthesis designed to close a congenital or an acquired opening such as a cleft of the hard palate

Answer 60

obturator

Question 61

this type of fracture is a horizontal fracture line that extends above the roots of the teeth, above the palate, across the maxillary sinus, below the zygomatic process, and across the pterygoid plates

Answer 61

Le Fort 1

Question 62

what type of fracture occurs in young children

Answer 62

incomplete