Final Exam Flashcards

Question

Solution to Act Utilitarianism: Rule Utilitarianism

Answer 1

version of the theory that says we ought to live by rules that, in general, are likely to lead to the greatest good for the greatest number. "An act is morally right if and only if it conforms with a set rules whose general observancy would maximize utility"

Answer 2

An ideal or principle of conduct, requires us to act in a way that benefits others. - Improving situations of others by avoiding bads or by directly producing goods. - Good intentions constitute an important aspect of beneficence

Answer 3

"Death- the most dreadful of evils - is nothing to us" - Death is the deprivation of sensation - Epicurus' stance on the non-harm of death descends from the nature of benefit and harm on his theory of value

Answer 4

The view that the rightness or wrongness of actions depends on, and only on, the consequences

Answer 5

The view that the rightness or wrongness of actions does not depend at all on the consequences

Answer 6

The view that rightness or wrongness depends on, but not only on, the consequences if actions

Answer 7

Respect for autonomy is allied most closely with the deontological ethical theory Self-determination: liberty to act in the world Autonomy may be jeopardized by: - internal agents - eg. disease - external agents - eg. rules, chemical or physical restraints

Answer 8

- Capacity - Information to make a choice = knowledge - Voluntariness = no coercion

Answer 9

Information is withheld or presented in a misleading way to avoid causing the patient to worry or "harm" "For your own good"

Answer 10

incapacitation harm to others harm to self

Answer 11

Morality is about character rather than rules (deontology) o or principles (utilitarianism)

Answer 12

Moral autonomy: becoming a more fully autonomous moral agent means accepting responsability and being accountable Fidelity to promise: to make promises and to keep them Steadfastness: being true to ourselves and to our moral code, to our actions and stick to what is right Wholeness: the state of forming a complete and harmonious whole, requires reflection and values - Integrity demands actions and positive duties- not doing so is conducive to agreeing!

Answer 13

positive duty: a duty to do something | negative duty: a duty to refrain from doing something

Answer 14

- Openness and disclosure of information to patients - Avoid jargon, ambiguity - Cultural and religious differences may also be barriers - Being truthful to patients is to promote beneficence and empower autonomy - right to choose and givign a sense of control - sometimes the ability of the nurse to be truthful is limited by policies and role

Answer 15

Something that is accurate against the facts versus not intending to mislead

Answer 16

Patients must be able to trust health care professionals to preserve confidentiality. Information revealed to others outside the therapeutic context, has the potential to cause harm.

Answer 17

Privacy is the extend to which we are not accessible to others in that ... - we keep information about us non-accessible - we keep out physical selves non-accessible - we keep attention away from ourselves

Answer 18

Privacy is the patient's right to keep personal information or any physically aspect private, when confidentiality is the duty of an entrusted health care provider to keep that information safe and to not disclose to public and others.

Answer 19

Deontological ethics: respect for privacy and confidentiality and it is not morally correct to treat other people as mere means Feminist ethics:

Answer 20

All information acquired during a therapeutic context is therefore confidential

Answer 21

- Undeliberate or unintentional - Due to systematic or individuals factors - Justifiable (in specific exceptions) or not

Answer 22

Risk of harm - obligation to report

Answer 23

Distribution of resources Getting your fair share Theories of Justice: Libertarianism - distribute accordingly to what consumers are willing and able to pay for Utilitarianism - distribute goods to benefit the greater good and produce the most utility in society. Egalitarianism- people have unequal needs, distribute goods accordingly. Give more to whoever needs the most.

Answer 24

Concerns the process followed in making decisions - who decides. 3 main procedural principles: - explicitness: the public has the right to know how decisions were made - accountability - those entrusted to make allocation take responsability and are accountable for consequences - representative - decisions are made by people that represent and have in mind the public which they are making decisions for

Final Exam Flashcards

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