Final Exam

Question 1

Michelangelo

Answer 1

Painted the Sistine Chapel

Question 2

Lorenzo de Medici

Answer 2

leader of Florence where the Renaissance began.

Question 3

Machiavelli

Answer 3

wrote The Prince; short literary work on how to be a successful leader without losing moral integrity.

Question 4

Petrarch

Answer 4

Father of Humanism; intellectual life should be of solitude.

Question 5

da Vinci

Answer 5

concerned with form and nature; Renaisannce man; painted the last supper.

Question 6

John Wyclif

Answer 6

said Jesus was more powerful than the Pope; one of the 1st reformers of Christianity. Believed the Bible should be a Christian’s sole authority; English Lollardy was his product which stated that there was no basis in Scripture for papal claims of temporal authority. Believed the church’s language should be vernacular so everyone could understand it.

Question 7

Martin Luther

Answer 7

wrote 95 theses which started the Protestant Reformation.

Question 8

Erasmus

Answer 8

he stressed inner piety and Christ as our guide instead of dogma and ritual of the church.

Question 9

Thomas More

Answer 9

most famous for the book Utopia; killed by Henry bc he did not agree with him about breaking from the church to get a divorce.

Question 10

Hammurabi

Answer 10

codified moral laws of Mesopotamia, united the region. “eye for an eye”; 282 codes/laws.

Question 11

Charlemagne

Answer 11

crowned holy roman emperor in 800 AD. King of the Francs; symbolized fusion of roman, Germanic, and Christian cultures.

Question 12

Joan of Arc

Answer 12

had a divine commission to save France; inspired French victory in 100 years war.

Question 13

Homer

Answer 13

wrote the Odyssey and Illiad; 8th century BC author.

Question 14

St. Thomas Aquinas

Answer 14

wrote Suma Theollogica; tried to reconcile faith and reason.

Question 15

Gilgamesh

Answer 15

Legendary King of Uruk; part man, part god; Epic poem “The Epic of Gilgamesh”

Question 16

Sophocles

Answer 16

wrote the Greek tragedy “Odipus the King”.

Question 17

Julius Caesar

Answer 17

started as a warrior; became great leader; killed on Ides of March by his own Senate

Question 18

Abraham

Answer 18

Hebrews are decedents of him; 12 tribes (grandsons)

Question 19

Sulla

Answer 19

Roman general; consul; restored Senate to power; Only consul to retire voluntarily.

Question 20

Tiberius Graccus

Answer 20

land redistribution; concerned about veterans; proposed a land reform bill but was assassinated.

Question 21

Aristotle

Answer 21

disciple of Plato; came up with earth being the center of the universe; wrote much about politics and nature.

Question 22

Darius

Answer 22

Linked Red Sea to Mediterranean; invaded Greece (as a Persian king); defeated at Marathon. Built a great Persian empire.

Question 23

Mark Antony

Answer 23

supporter of Caesar; committed suicide after battle of Agotine after thinking his wife committed suicide.

Question 24

Henry VIII

Answer 24

King of England; created Church of England bc Pope would not grant him a divorce.

Question 25

Socrates

Answer 25

condemned to death for corrupting the children of Athens; developed the Socratic method;

Question 26

Caligula

Answer 26

: “spoils of war”, collected seashells; senseless military campaigns; tried to make his horse a part of the Senate.

Question 27

Octavian

Answer 27

Caesar’s heir; awarded himself the title of Augustus;

Question 28

Isis

Answer 28

responsible for bringing Osiris, her husband, back to life; goddess of rebirth.

Question 29

John Calvin

Answer 29

made Geneva the Protestant capital; from France; formed Calvinism.

Question 30

Jesus

Answer 30

son of God; savior; lived in Gailea; carpenter; all around badass; performed miracles; through his life, death, and resurrection, shaped the foundation of roman Catholicism.

Question 31

Paul

Answer 31

considered the founder of Christianity; opened religion into a broad movement; anyone can join.

Question 32

Zwingli

Answer 32

leader of the Swiss reformed church; killed in battle in Switzerland

Question 33

Muhammad

Answer 33

founder of Islam

Question 34

Cicero

Answer 34

one of Rome’s greatest orators; killed by Marc Antony; liked a traditional republican gov’t.

Question 35

Gregory the Great

Answer 35

: one of most influential popes of medieval times. Organized Rome; crated Papal states.

Question 36

Plato

Answer 36

student of Socrates; wrote down Socrates works on nature and the perfect state

Question 37

St. Benedict

Answer 37

came up with the rules for monastic living (clothing, food, shelter, and work).

Question 38

Abelard

Answer 38

philosopher and theologian; affair with a student; became a monk; was castrated for his crime.

Question 39

Hildegard of Bingen

Answer 39

rich powerful Abyss; wrote hymns and chants.

Question 40

Francis of Assisss

Answer 40

Founder of the Fraciscan monks; patron saint of animals.