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Final Exam Flashcards

(89 cards)

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1
Q

Four types of data and what are each?

A
  1. Complete - includes health history, physical exam, lab results, and documentation
  2. Episodic - focused ‘mini’ assessement
  3. Follow up
  4. Emergency
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2
Q

3 levels of health promotion

A

1 primary - prevention
2 secondary - screening
3 tertiary - treating

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3
Q

health history for pain scale

A 
provactive or palliative
quality or quantity 
region or radiation 
severity scale 0-10
timing or onset 
understand patients perception of pain
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4
Q

Acculturation

A

processing of adapting to and acquiring another culture

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5
Q

Assimilation

A

process of developing a new cultural identity and becoming like members of dominant culture

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6
Q

biculturalism

A

dual pattern of identification and often of divided loyalty

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7
Q

Characteristics of culture (4)

A

learned, shared, adapted, dynamic

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8
Q

General survery consider 4 areas

A

physical appearance, body structure, mobility, and behavior

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9
Q

Pain threshold

A

point at which stimulus is perceived as pain

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10
Q

pain tolerance

A

duration or intensity of pain a person will endure before outwardly responding

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11
Q

nonverbals of acute pain

A

guarding grimacing moaning agitation restlessness stillnesss diaphoresis change in v/s

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12
Q

noverbals of chronic pain

A

bracing rubbing signing change in appetite diminished activity sleeping

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13
Q

mental status assessment

A

Appearance
Behavior
Cognition
Thought processes

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14
Q

Change in LOC

A

means its earliest and most sensitive indicator of alterations in cerebral function

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15
Q

Orientated x3,x2,x1

A

time, place, person
person, place
person

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16
Q

Descriptors of Consciousness

A 
Lethargic or somnolent 
Obtunded
Stupor or Semi Coma
Coma
Acute Confusional State (delirium)
pg 13
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17
Q

Glasscow scale

A

3-15
eye opening
motor response
verbal response

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18
Q

Skin ABCDE

A 
Asymmetry 
Border irregularity 
Color variation
Diameter greater than 6mm
elevation and evolution
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19
Q

Diaphragm

A

high pitched flat surface

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20
Q

Bell

A

concave shape low pitched sounds (bruit)

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21
Q

Right lung & left lung have how many lobes?

A

Right has 3 and left has 2

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22
Q

ribs how many?

A

12, 1-7 connected, 8-10 costal cartilages, 11-12 floating ribs

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23
Q

Manubrium articulates with what?

A

first sevel ribs and also supports clavicle

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24
Q

Three functions of upper airway

A

nose pharynx larynx and intrathoracic trachea
1. conducts air to lower airway
protects airway
warms, filters, and humidifies

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25
Manubriosternal junction is
angle of Louis
26
Costal angle
90 degrees or less
27
Tuberculosis s&s
Contagious bacterial infection | fatigue, night sweats, fever, weight loss, coughing, hemopytosis
28
ARDS
Acute respiratory distress syndrome | occurs when fluid builds up in the alveoli in lungs most don't survive
29
Base of heart
upper part
30
Apex of heart
lower part also apical impulse or PMI point of maximal impulse
31
Systole
mitral and tricuspid valves close and also "lub"
32
Diastole
aortic and pulmonic valves close and also "dub"
33
Erbs point
murmurs gentle blowing swoosing | normal should be no noise
34
Cardiac Risk Factors
``` Nutrition Smoking Alcohol Exercise Drugs ```
35
Pulse amplitude
0-3+
36
Ausculatate carotid artery
take a breath, exhale, and hold it briefly | also only one carotid at a time
37
APE To Man
Aortic, Pulmonic, Erb's point, tricuspid, mitral
38
Pulse deficit
any difference over 6
39
Angina pectoris
chest pain due to the ischemia of myocardium
40
Hypertension how to diagnosis
two or more properly measured BPs on two or more occasions
41
What kind of aneurysm is most common
abdominal aortic aneurysm
42
Ateriosclerosis vs atherosclerosis
arteriosclerosis is blood vessels becoming more rigid with age atherosclerosis is fatty plagues on intima of arteries
43
Primary headaches
cluster, migraines, tension (source is in head with these) | Secondary - eyestrain, sinus, hunger, tension - source is not in head
44
Conjunctiva
transparent protective convering of eye
45
Sclera
tough protective white covering
46
cornea
part of refracting media of eye bending incoming light rays
47
Snellen Eye chart
20/20 explain, 20/50, 50/20
48
PERRLA
Pupils Round, Reactive to Light, and Accomodation
49
Presbycusis
hearing loss that occurs with aging
50
Tinnitus
ringing in ears
51
Vertigo
sensation of spinning
52
whisper test
two syllable words such as 21 or 26
53
Otitis externa
swimmer's ear - inflammation of the outer ear and ear canal
54
otits media
middle ear infection
55
nose how much cartilage?
upper third is made up of bone, rest is cartilage
56
Epistaxis
nose bleeds
57
Frenulum
midline fold of tissue connecting tongue to floor of mouth
58
normal number of teeth
28-32
59
Cerebrum is divided into four parts and what do they do?
Frontal - primary motor cortex, motor speech, intellectual function, personality, emotions Parietal lobe - sensory and written words Temporal - auditory occipital - visual
60
How many cranial nerves originate from brainstem?
10 of twelve
61
Medulla oblongata
controlling involuntary functions
62
Cerebellum
movement, equilibrium and muscle tone if you damage, same side if you damage cerebrum, opposite side
63
which type of meningitis is most common?
bacterial
64
multiple schlerosis
demyelination of nerve fibers of brain and spinal cord
65
meningitis
severe headache, fever, generalized malise stiff neck, positive Brudzinksi's skin (chin down who body caves)
66
Encephalitis (what is most common also)
inflammation of brain tissue and meninges viral is most common positive babinski's sing (bottom of foot)
67
Parkinsons
second most common after Alzheimer's | resting tremor bradykinesia finger pill rolling tremor mask like facies
68
Alzheimer's
most common incurable beings with decline in member | three stages
69
Bells Palsy
paralysis of facial nerve
70
Myasthenia gravis
ACh receptor sites destroyed | three types - ocular (eyes), bulbar (swallowing), and generalized (skeletal muscles)
71
Acessory organs of GI
salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
72
Which kidney is slightly lower?
Right due to displacement of liver
73
What ulcer is most common?
Duodenal
74
Mastitis
inflammatory condition of breast by bacterial infection
75
Most common breast cancer is
invasive malignancy arising from ducts or lobules
76
Menopause symptoms
``` hot flashes excessive sweating palpitations vaginal dryness painful intercourse changes in sexual desire modd swings ```
77
Bacterial vaginosis
odorous discharge and itching and irration
78
Candida vaginitis
yeast infection thick cheesy white vaginal discharge
79
Most common STI? 2nd most common?
Chlamydia then Gonorrhea
80
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
leading cause of infertility | usually caused by untreated gonococcal and Chlamydia infections
81
Testicular torsion is considered a?
surgical emergency | symptoms - sudden onset of severe pain and scrotal swelling
82
Testicular cancer is most common malignancy in men aged?
22-34 years old
83
Rectal cancer symptom
rectal bleeding
84
Rheumatoid arthritis vs Osteoarthritis
RA is chronic autoimmue inflammatory disease of connective tissue, onset is gradual OA is degenerative change in articular cartilage affects joints with repetitive movement
85
Tophi
sign of gout | pea like deposits of uric acid in ear cartilage
86
Low fat diet used for
gallbladder and liver disease and certain heart diseases
87
Low sodieum diet
used for hypertension cardio dieases kidney disease and edema
88
Bland diet
pts with digestive and rectal diseases
89
BEARS
``` bedtime problems excessive sleepiness during the day awakenings at night regularity of sleep slwwp disorders ```

Health Assessment (5 decks)

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