Final Exam (Asthma)

Question 1

Epi, Ephedrine, Isoproterenol, Albuterol

Answer 1

Adrenergic agonists

• relaxes airway smooth muscle (beta-2)
• inhibits release of mast cell bronchoconstrictors
• AE: tachycardia (beta-1)

Question 2

Salmeterol, Formoterol

Answer 2

Adrenergic agonists

-longer acting than other adrenergic agonists

Question 3

Theophylline, Theobromine, Caffeine

Answer 3

Methylxanthines

-increase cAMP leading to relaxation of smooth muscle and reduction in immune and inflammatory activity

Question 4

Atropine, Ipratropium

Answer 4

Antimuscarinics

• block the contraction mediated by parasympathetic ACh release onto airway smooth muscle
• AE: decreased with Ipratropium
• better in combination with beta-2 agonist

Question 5

Beclomethasone, Fluticasone, Ciclesonide, Prednisone

Answer 5

Corticosteroids

• decrease cytokine release, decrease airway infiltration by WBCs and mast cells
• all inhaled except prednisone (oral)

Question 6

Cromolyn, Nedocromil

Answer 6

• inhibits activation of mast cells, eosinophils
• effective in allergen and exercise induced
• prophylactic

Question 7

Zafirlukast, Montelukast

Answer 7

Leukotriene pathway inhibitors

-LTD4 receptor antagonist thereby blocking leukotrienes bronchoconstriction, etc.

Question 8

Omalizumab

Answer 8

Anti-IgE antibody

-inhibits binding of IgE to mast cells