Final Exam Lecture 1

Question 1

Which organ system is responsible for the removal of protons

Answer 1

Kidneys

Question 2

What is the alternate name for vitamin D

Answer 2

1-25 dihydroxyl cholecaliferol
Vanders calls it - (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D) called
calcitriol

Question 3

What are the 3 ions that the kidneys use to control osmolarity?

Answer 3

Na,Cl,Mg

Question 4

What are the 2 osmolarity regulators that rely on a sodium to help with water movement

Answer 4

Aldosterone and angiotensin 2

Question 5

What hormone doesn’t use sodium to help with osmolarity regulation

Answer 5

ADH

Question 6

Since Dr. S hates Lance Armstrong, what is the name of the substance Armstrong used to help him cheat? Hint: it is used to produce more RBCs

Answer 6

EPO

Question 7

Put the renal blood vessels in order

Answer 7

Renal Artery
Segmental Arteries
Interlobar Arteries
Arcuate Arteries
Interlobular Arteries
Afferent Arterioles
Glomerular Cap’s
Efferent Arterioles
Peritubular Cap’s
Interlobular veins
Arcuate Veins
Interlobar Veins
Segmental Veins
Renal Veins

Question 8

What is the vessel that is directly upstream of the glomerular capillary?

Answer 8

Afferent arteriole

Question 9

What is the vessel that is downstream of the glomerular capillary

Answer 9

efferent arteriole

Question 10

What is the functional unit of the kidneys

Answer 10

Nephron

Question 11

What is the name of the 2 resistance vessels that can affect pressure in glomerulus

Answer 11

Afferent and Efferent arteriole

Question 12

What is the name of the 2 resistance vessels that can affect the pressure in the glomerulus

Answer 12

Afferent and Efferent arteriole

Question 13

What section of the kidney does the drug Vioxx destroy

Answer 13

Inner Medulla

Question 14

What part of the vasa recta has a fast blood velocity and doesn’t have parallel pathways

Answer 14

Descending vas recta

Question 15

What part of the Vasa recta has multiple parallel pathways and a slower velocity

Answer 15

Ascending Vas recta

Question 16

Where does the Liver come in contact with the kidneys

Answer 16

On the right side

Question 17

If you have a patient with severe pancreatitis, which kidney is most likely to be affected

Answer 17

Left Kidney

Question 18

Per Dr. S which 2 organs that we talked about have low rates of cancer

Answer 18

Heart and kidneys

Question 19

What is the choke point for urination in males

Answer 19

Prostate

Question 20

Who has larger bladder capacity men or females

Answer 20

Men

Question 21

You have a 30-year-old male patient who has been in an automobile accident. Pateints vital signs are HR 110, BP 120/80, RR 18. Upon arrival, the patient lost all control of his bowel and bladder function. You take the patient to CT and MRI to assess the damages. What levels in the spinal column do you think the patient could have sustained an injury to?

Answer 21

S2,3,4

Question 22

What is another term for twisted or curvy

Answer 22

Convoluted

Question 23

What is the loop of Henle order of flow

Answer 23

Descending thin limb->Ascending thin limb-> Thick ascending limb

Question 24

What comes after the Glomerulus

Answer 24

Proximal Convoluted tubule-> Straight proximal tubule

Question 25

If your patient is diagnosed with liver cancer which kidney is the least likely to be affected

Answer 25

Left kidney- the right kidney borders the liver and is the most likely place for cancer to spread

Question 26

Which gender has the shortest urethra

Answer 26

Female