Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nutrition > Final Exam p3 > Flashcards

Final Exam p3 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the structure of triglycerides?

A

glycerol and 3 fatty acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the structure of saturated FA?

A

Fully loaded with H
No double bonds (C=C)
Solid at room temp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

structure on monounsaturated FA?

A

1 C=C (double bond)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Linolenic acid Omega 3
structure?

A

18 C; 3 double bonds
first double bond at 3rd C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

polyunsaturated FA structure?

A

liquid at room temp2 or more double bonds (C=C)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Linoleic acid Omega 6
structure?

A

18 C; 2 double bonds
first double bond at 6th C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

cis fatty acid structure?

A

Hydrogens on the same side of the double bond; cis Most naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acids in foods are cis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

trans fatty acid structure?

A

has its hydrogens on the opposite sides of the double bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

pufas at room temp?

A

liquid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

saturated fats at room temp?

A

solid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

sources of MUFAs?

A

olive, canola, avo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

the double bond is what point?

A

the point of saturation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

sources of linolenic acid omega 3?

A

fatty fish and flax are good sources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

sources of DHA and EPA?

A

human milk, fish and shellfish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

common sources of linolenic omega 6?

A

vegetable oils, meats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Omega 3 health benefits?

A

Decrease BP, prevent clots, irregular heartbeat,
Reduce inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

omega 6 side effects?

A

Promote inflammation, clot formation, blood vessel constriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what does the number of bonds mean?

A

Degree of saturation determined by the number of double bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is HDL good for?

A

protective effect against heart attack

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what organ makes HDL?

A

the liver makes HDL packages that collect cholesterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the recommended levels of HDL?

A

greater than 45 and optimal is greater than 60

22
Q

how is HDL increased?

A

soluble fibers, exercise, wt control

23
Q

what is LDL associated with?

A

high risk of heart attack

24
Q

what raises LDL?

A

saturated fats

25
Q

what is consumption of cis fatty acids associated with?

A

reduces risk of heart disease

26
Q

what is the consumption of trans fatty acid associated with?

A

it is associated with heart disease

27
Q

what is BMR?

A

the energy output of the body at rest after a 12 hour period

28
Q

how do you calculate BMI?

A

you divide height (in) by pounds squared and multiply it by 703

29
Q

underweight BMI

A

less than 18.5

30
Q

healthy BMI

A

18 to 24.9

31
Q

overweight BMI

A

25 to 29

32
Q

obese BMI

A

greater than 30

33
Q

what is glycolysis?

A

the process of converting glucose to pyruvate

34
Q

what is gluconeogenesis?

A

the process of making glucose from noncarb sources

35
Q

what is glucogenic?

A

describes a substance which can be used to make glucose

36
Q

where does glycerol enter the metabolic pathway?

A

midway between glucose and pyruvate

37
Q

where do fatty acids enter the metabolic pathway?

A

fatty acids are broken down into 2 carbon fragments that combine with CoA to form Acetyl CoA

38
Q

most amino acids can what?

A

be converted to pyruvate which can be used to make glucose

39
Q

some amino acids are converted directly to?

A

acetyl CoA- they are ketogenic

40
Q

some Amino acids can enter?

A

the TCA cycle directly- they are glucogenic

41
Q

what nutrients can form glucose?

A

all but fatty acids

42
Q

what are pyruvate’s quick energy needs?

A

anaerobic - pyruvate to lactate which can be converted back to glucose through the cori cycle

43
Q

what are pyruvate’s slower energy needs?

A

aerobic - pyruvate to acetyl CoA

44
Q

feasting?

A

Metabolism favors fat formation when eating in excess

45
Q

fasting?

A

If energy is not available, the body switches to wasting metabolism

46
Q

what are ketones?

A

Alternate energy source when glucose is not available (low CHO diets)

47
Q

when does ketosis occur?

A

during fasting and in diets low in CHO

48
Q

what happens to the ph of blood as ketone levels rise?

A

it drops

49
Q

what do ketogenic diets elevate?

A

they elevate uric acid

50
Q
A

Nutrition (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions