Final Exam Questions

Question 1

Which of the following proteins is the most abundant in plasma?

a. albumin
b. prothrombin
c. transferrin
d. hemoglobin
e. fibrinogen

Answer 1

albumin

Question 2

the main function of erythrocytes is to__

*on test

Answer 2

transport oxygen

Question 3

A person with type A blood can safely donate RBCs to someone of type _____ and can receive RBCs from someone of type ____

*this is on test

Answer 3

AB; O

Question 4

The number of _____ typically increases in response to bacterial infections

Answer 4

neutrophils

Question 5

when a clot is no longer needed, fibrin is dissolved by

Answer 5

plasmin

Question 6

The plateau in action potential of cardiac muscle results from the action of _____

Answer 6

slow Ca2+ channels

Question 7

the fact that the left ventricle of the heart is thicker than the right ventricle reveals that it _____

Answer 7

pumps blood against a greater resistance

Question 8

Select the correct statement about the structure of the heart wall.

a. the heart chambers are lined by endomysium
b. connective tissue in the heart wall aids in the conduction of the action potential
c. fibrous cardiac skeleton forms the bulk of the heart
d. myocardium is the layer of the heart that actually contracts

Answer 8

d. myocardium is the layer of the heart that actually contracts

Question 9

The volume of blood ejected by each ventricle in one minute is called the ____

Answer 9

cardiac output

Question 10

where is the vasomotor center located

Answer 10

medulla oblongata

Question 11

what are the most abundant agranulocytes

Answer 11

lymphocytes

Question 12

what is the most abundant extracellular cation

Answer 12

Na

Question 13

inability to expel milk from breasts is due to;

Answer 13

low levels of oxytocin

Question 14

which hormone is important for breast milk synthesis

Answer 14

prolactin

Question 15

where exactly is the embryo’s attachment site

Answer 15

endometrium

Question 16

which statement is NOT correct?

a. testosterone stimulates protein synthesis
b. testosterone stimulates the HPG axis
c. testosterone contributes to male sexual behavior and spermatogenesis
d. testosterone stimulates the male pattern of development

Answer 16

b. testosterone stimulates the HPG axis

Question 17

the product of this gland serves as a lubricant and neutralizes any traces of acidity in urethra

Answer 17

bulbo-urethral

Question 18

true or false: ejaculation is under the parasympathetic system control

Answer 18

false

Question 19

with regard to the blood-testis-barrier, which of the following is true?

a. helps maintain testis temp at 37 degrees C
b. prevents heat loss from testes
c. helps maintain testis temperature at 35 degrees C
d. prevents blood from getting to the testes
e. blocks plasma antibodies to get into germ cells

Answer 19

e. blocks plasma antibodies to get into germ cells

Question 20

which part of the mature sperm cells contain hydrolytic enzymes that help sperm to penetrate the egg

Answer 20

head

Question 21

when do the testes start producing testosterone

Answer 21

in the first trimester of fetal development

Question 22

which hormone promotes the reabsorption of water from the kidneys back into the ecf by osmosis

Answer 22

ADH

Question 23

why are chlorine ions important

Answer 23

they are involved in the production of stomach acid

Question 24

all statements are true for urine EXCEPT:

a. yellow color
b. pH 3.0
c. mild odor
d. translucency

Answer 24

B. pH 3.0

Question 25

place these vessels in the correct order as blood flows into and through the kidney: 1. afferent arteriole 2. arcuate artery 3. efferent arteriole 4. glomerulus 5. interlobar artery 6. cortical radiate artery 7. renal artery 8. segmental artery

Answer 25

7, 8 , 5, 2 , 6, 1, 4 , 3 7. renal artery 8. segmental artery 5. interlobar artery 2. arcuate artery 6. cortical radiate artery 1. afferent arteriole 4. glomerulus 3. efferent arteriole

Question 26

Embryo is considered Choices include time frames in days and weeks.

Answer 26

from day 16 through week 8

Question 27

the energy value of foods is measured in units called \_\_\_\_

Answer 27

kilocalories or calories

Question 28

most of the fat in the body is stored in what form

Answer 28

triglycerides

Question 29

\_\_\_\_\_ are short term regulators of appetite , whereas ______ is a long term regulator Choices include combinations of: CKK, Insulin, Leptin, peptide YY

Answer 29

peptide YY (PYY) and cholecystokinin (CCK); insulin

Question 30

food that you have swallowed comes in contact with the Choices include layers of the digestive tract.

Answer 30

mucosa

Question 31

the portion of the tooth embedded in the jawbone is the \_\_\_\_\_

Answer 31

root

Question 32

which is the sequence of layers from the lumen to the outer wall of the digestive tract muscularis externa, mucosa, serosa, submucosa

Answer 32

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa

Question 33

amylases, the enzymes u sed to digest carbohydrates, are secreted by

Answer 33

salivary glands into mouth and the pancreas into the intestine

Question 34

place the following structures of the respiratory tree in the order in which air passes through them. 1. secondary bronchi 2. bronchioles 3. primary bronchi 4. alveoli 5. terminal bronchioles

Answer 34

3, 1, 2, 5, 4 3. primary bronchi 1. secondary bronchi 2. bronchioles 5. terminal bronchioles 4. alveoli

Question 35

the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the cells of peripheral tissues is approximately ____ mm Hg

Answer 35

46

Question 36

Most of the oxygen transported by the blood is

Answer 36

bound to hemoglobin

Question 37

which of the following would _slow down gas exchange_ between the blood and alveolar air Choices include increasing: alveolar surface area, membrane thickness, respiratory rate, Choices include decreasing: membrane thickness, nitrogen solubility

Answer 37

an increase in membrane thickness

Question 38

in a healthy person, which of the following will have the greatest influences on resistance to pulmonary airflow

Answer 38

bronchiole diameter

Question 39

\_\_\_\_\_\_ are clusters of lymphatic nodules located beneath the epithelial lining of the small intestine

Answer 39

peyer's patches

Question 40

which are NOT antigen presenting cells (APCs): a. lymphocytes b. dendritic cells c. macrophages d. neutrophils

Answer 40

neutrophils

Question 41

which is NOT a characteristic of adaptive immunity: a. cell-mediated immunity b. nonspecific immunity c. humoral immunity d. acquired immunity

Answer 41

nonspecific immunity

Question 42

the cells responsible for the production of circulating antibodies are

Answer 42

plasma cells

Question 43

the cells responsible for cell mediated immunity are the

Answer 43

t lymphocytes

Question 44

(BLUE) Name the vessel marked with a question mark a) inferior mesenteric artery b) superior mesenteric artery c) inferior mesenteric vein d) splenic artery e) splenic vein f) superior mesenteric vein

Answer 44

c) inferior mesenteric vein

Question 45

Using the figure match the following with a letter: poingt that represents the "dupp" sound made

Answer 45

E

Question 46

Using the figure shown match the following with a letter: Pectinate muscles

Answer 46

B

Question 47

(RED) Name the vessel marked with a question mark a) inferior mesenteric artery b) Renal artery c) superior mesenteric vein d) superior mesenteric artery e) gonadal artery f) renal vein

Answer 47

a) inferior mesenteric artery

Question 48

What is the specific name of the cell labelled B in the photo? a) basophil b) red blood cell c) neutrophil d) leukocyte e) eosinophil f) monocyte

Answer 48

e) eosinophil

Question 49

(RED) name the vessel marked with a question mark a) popliteal vein b) external iliac artery c) internal iliac artery d) popliteal artery e) superior gluteal artery f) internal iliac vein

Answer 49

b) external iliac artery

Question 50

What is the specific name of the cell labelled G? ## Footnote a) platelet b) neutrophil c) eosinophil d) monocyte e) leukocyte f ) basophil

Answer 50

b) neutrophil

Question 51

Using the figure match the following with a letter: Atrial depolarization

Answer 51

A

Question 52

(BLUE) name the vessel marked with a question mark in the photo a) femoral vein b) great saphernous artery c) great saphernous vein d) femoral artery e) popliteal artery f) external iliac artery

Answer 52

a) femoral vein

Question 53

what is the specific name of the cell labelled F in the photo? a) neutrophil b) leukocyte c) red blood cell d) eosinophil e) basophil f) monocyte

Answer 53

a) neutrophil

Question 54

using the figure match the following with a letter: ventricular polarization

Answer 54

E

Question 55

(RED) name the vessel marked with a question mark in the photo a) inferior mesenteric artery b) superior mesenteric artery c) superior mesenteric vein d) splenic artery e) inferior phrenic artery f) hepatic portal artery

Answer 55

b) superior mesenteric artery

Question 56

(RED) name the vessel marked with a question mark a) subclavian vein b) common carotid vein c) internal carotid vein d) superior vena cava e) common carotid artery f) subclavian artery

Answer 56

e) common carotid artery

Question 57

use the figure to match the following with a letter: Peritubular capillaries

Answer 57

C

Question 58

use the figure to match the following with a letter: proximal tubule

Answer 58

B