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2 - Nutrition > Final Exam Review > Flashcards

Final Exam Review Flashcards

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1
Q

What is remineralization?

A

Is the redeposition of calcium & phosphate in previously demineralized areas

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2
Q

What is demineralization?

A

Is the dissolution of the calcium and phosphate from the hydroxapatite crystals (possible to occur without any loss of tooth structure)

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3
Q

How is Caries development characterized?

A

Caries is an ongoing ACTIVE process characterized by alternating periods of demineralization and remineralization

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4
Q

What are the 2 Stages of Caries Development?

A

-an INCIPIENT LESION develops when caries begin to demineralize the enamel
- a cavitation, or overt, or frank lesion is characterized by a cavity or hole in the tooth

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5
Q

What is Rampant Caries?

A

Describes the time between the onsent of the incipient lesion and the development of the cavity - it is rapid and there are multiple lesions throughout the mouth (must occur in a short amount of time, 6 months)

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6
Q

What are some examples of Anti-Cariogenic Foods?

A

Aged cheddar, montery jack, swiss cheese, pure chocolate, cocoa products
-they stimulate saliva flow - calcium, phosphate, fluoride ect is in the saliva

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7
Q

What is a MAJOR factor in the cariogenicty of food?

A

The major factor is how long the carbohydrates stays in the mouth - how long it takes to clear from mouth

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8
Q

What is the Oral clearance time for Retentive sugars?

A

-30 minutes to clear (sticky foods)

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9
Q

What is the Oral clearance time for moderate sugars?

A

25 minutes to clear (starchy foods)

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10
Q

What is the clearance time for sugars in solution?

A

20 minutes to clear (juices, pop, sweetented coffee, energy drinks)

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11
Q

How long to create a balaned PH with Saliva & Acid?

A

20 - 30 minutes

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12
Q

What is the PH of Saliva?

A

6.2-7.6
(6.7 is the average)

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13
Q

What is the pH level where cavitation begins?

A

5.3 - 5.7 pH

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14
Q

What are the 2 groups of bacteria found in the mouth that are responsible for dental caries?

A

Mutans Streptococci (MS)

Lactobacilli (LB) - produces lactic acid from carbohydrates - found in mouth if there is a high sugar intake

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15
Q

This diet consists of foods that are liquid at body temperature with no residue and not spicy. This diet should not be used for greater than 3 days without other nutritional support.

A

Clear liquid diet

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16
Q

This diet supports apple sauce, mashed bananas, mashed baked or creamed potatoes, and blended, strained soups.

A

Mechanically Altered Diet

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17
Q

This action of using the anterior teeth to cut or tear the food into bite-sized pieces.

A

Biting

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18
Q

The action of using the posterior teeth to grind the food before swallowing

A

Chewing

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19
Q

Hard candy, popcorn, peanut brittle, highly retentive foods, and bubble gum are snack foods to avoid during this type of dental treatment.

A

Orthodontics

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20
Q

Types of foods like aged cheddar and swiss cheese inhibit the acid attack on teeth and thus inhibit decay is called this

A

Anti-Cariogenic

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21
Q

Foods that are likely to cause decay is called this

A

Cariogenic

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22
Q

This begins to break down between a pH of 5.3 to 5.7

A

Enamel

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23
Q

A caramel that takes 30 mins to clear the oral cavity is this type of surgar

A

Retentive Sugar

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24
Q

Foods that are not a source of energy for oral bacteria and hence do not stimulate acid production or cause decay are called this

A

Anti-Cariogenic

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25
This is the educational role of a RDA to support basic nutrtional requirements
Dental Caries Prevention
26
Sound nutrition advice can be obtained from our national nutrition professional organization called this
Dietitians of Canada or DC
27
You were able to stop drinking Gatorade and Swap it out for Water over the past 6 months, keep it up! is an example of this Behaviour Change Model stage?
Maintenance Stage
28
A Nutrition Specialist is an example of false information called this..
Nutrition Quackery
29
This Model Contains 6 Stages: Pre-contemplation, Contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and relapse
Transtheoretical Model of Change or Behaviour Change Model
30
NUG is the acronym for this
Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis
31
Posters, Charts, Checklist, Stories, Games, Songs, Videos, Stickers, Costumes, and Puppets are examples of this
Presentatin Ideas or Methods
32
Nutritional education for ages 0 to 4 tends to focus on this dental disease
Baby Bottle Tooth Decay
33
The first step in planning any strategy for influencing behaviour is to define the desired end-points called this
Outcome and/or Objectives
34
ECC is the acronym for..
Early Childhood Caries
35
This type of sugar take 20 minutes to clear the oral cavity
Sugary Liquids
36
For some seniors, this oral device/appliance needs to be removed at night before bed
Dentures
37
A variety of nutrients that are needed for this are energy, protein, zinc as well as the antioxidant nutrients Vitamin A, C, E and selenium
Wound Healing
38
An important alarm signal that calls attention to tissue injury, makes one favour the injured part of the body
Pain
39
This term is used for an increase in blood flow that accounts for the heat of the inflamed tissue
Hyperemia
40
This common brand name product can be used to support people with dry mouth
Biotene
41
This condition causes five cardional signs: redness, swelling, heat, pain and impaired function
inflammation
42
Bridge-In, Objective, Pre-Assessment, Participatory Learning, Post-Assessment and Summary
BOPPPS model
43
Now that you are aware of how to tie a clove hitch knot, what will you use this knot to tie with next? is an example of this letter in the BOPPPS Model
Summary
44
Food recommendations for patient with dental caries?
-Limit frequency of eating cariogenic foods -eat fruits for dessert & snacks -eat raw veggies for snacks -avoid sticky or retentive foods -avoid slowly dissolving candies -chew sugar free gum
45
Food recommendations for patient with periodontal disease?
-Avoid soft, mushy foods -avoid popcorn -eat fruits high in vitamin C -eat dairy products for calcium for bone health -eat fresh/frozen rather than canned -avoid nuts
46
Food recommendations or patient with new dentures?
-cut food into smaller pieces -nuts may be difficult to chew -eat dairy products for calcium for bone health -eat meals with extra nutrients that are easy to chew (such as casserole)
47
Food recommendations for patient after Oral Surgery?
-eat soft foods early after surgery -avoid spicy foods -maintain nutrient levels to promote healing -refrain from foods that are too hot or too cold
48
Food recommendations for patient with orthodontics?
-Avoid chewy or sticky foods -eat a soft diet early on -avoid hard foods such as apples, raw carrots -eat dairy products for calcium for bone health
49
What is Hemostasis?
1st stage of healing The purpose of this stage is to prevent excess blood from leaving the body through the formation of blood clots, constricting blood vessels ect.
50
What is Inflammatory stage?
2nd stage of healing this phase focuses on destroying any bacteria and unwated particles in the wound area to prevent infections
51
What are the signs of inflammation?
redness (more blood flow) swelling (allows for fluids, plasma and antibodies to pass through blood vessels) heat (increases the metabolic rate and promotes cell replication) pain (injured nerve endings)
52
What is Proliferation?
3rd stage of healing this phase focuses on filling up the wound and repairing the skin. New blood vessels and tissue must be formed in this area
53
What is Maturation / Remodeling?
The last phase is the longest and it focues on strengthening the skin in the area
54
What nutrients are required for wound healing?
Zinc Iron Vitamin C Vitamin A Vitamin D Vitamin K
55
How does Zinc help healing?
activate the immune defense against foreign bacteria
56
How does Vitamin C help healing?
promotes collagen synthesis
57
How does Vitamin D help healing?
vital for maintaining bone health
58
How does Vitamin A help healing?
helps fight infection and repair blood vessels and tissues
59
How does Vitamin K help healing?
Synthesis of prothrombin in blood clotting and bone proteins
60
How does Iron help healing?
helps carry oxygen to the blood, promotes formation of red blood cells
61
What is the first Stage of Change?
Pre-contemplation - patient not intending to take action in the future
62
What is the 2nd stage of change?
Contemplation - Patient intends to change in the next 6 months
63
What is the 3rd stage of change?
Preparation - patient intends to take action in the immediate future
64
What is the 4th stage of change?
Action - patient made modifications to life style within the past 6 months
65
What is the 5th stage of change?
Maintenance - patient working to prevent relapse
66
What is the final / 6th stage of change?
Termination or Relapse - Patient has no temptation and 100% self-efficacy
67
What does BOPPPS stand for?
Bridge In - a short hook/introduction to generate interest/attention Objective - what you are going to teach Pre-Assessment - identifies what students already know/allows learners to add their experience Participatory - encourages participation and interactivity in the learning process/maintain attention Post-Assessment - to confrim the audience acheived objective, post test answers for questions Summary - summarize learning expierence, sense of closure
68
"Ever since I incorporated that afternoon snack as part of my daily meal plan in February, I have a lot more energy and my blood sugars are much better controlled." What stage of change is this?
Action
69
"I dont see the point in avoiding high sugar snacks when my teeth are just going to fall out in a few years anyways" What stage of change is this?
Pre-Contemplation
70
"I have been incorporating regular, healthy snakcs in the afternoon ever since I was diagnosed with Type II diabetes two years ago and my blood sugars couldn't be better." What stage of change is this?
Maintenance
71
"I have been thinking about incorporating an afternoon snack into my routine to help with low energy levels". What stage of change is this?
Contemplation
72
"I just bout some aged cheddar cheese and crackers to eat as part of my afternoon snack tomorrow... my dental assistant suggested I eat this instead of my usual chocolate bar and pop." What stage of change is this?
Preparation
73

2 - Nutrition (17 decks)

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