Flashcards in Final Exam Review Guide Deck (50)
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1
Major function/ area: frontal lobe
complex socioemotional
planning, organization, higher order functioning
2
Major function/ area: occipital lobe
low-level vision
3
Major function/ area: temporal lobe
basic socioemotional, language, audition
4
Major function/ area: parietal lobe
concerned with reception and correlation of sensory info
5
Major function/ area: cerebellum
finesse movements
6
Major function/ area: thalamus
relay station of the brain
7
Major function/ area: amygdala
experience of emotion
8
explicit/ declarative memory
memories that can be consciously recalled
9
semantic memory
memory for facts
10
episodic memory
memory of autobiographical events
11
learning/ memory process
encoding, consolidation, recall
12
agnosia
object recognition problem
13
prosopagnosia
facial recognition problem
14
aphasia
loss of ability to understand (Wernicke) or express (Broca) speech
15
anosognosia
loss of knowledge of self, lack awareness of deficit
16
socioemotional functioning (theory of mind, empathy, inhibition)
issues with this implicated in FTLD, suggests that the frontal lobe is important for this kind of functioning
17
ataxia
difficulty carrying out the movement (ataxia 'attacks ya')
18
dyslexia
difficulty reading
19
neglect
results after stroke usually, tend to ignore things on the left because of the way the two hemispheres attend to the visual fields. right attends to both, so knocking out right leads to left neglect
20
amnesia
retrograde
anterograde
temporal gradient
fugue
memory loss
retro - loss of memory before accident
antero- can't form new memories post-accident
temp gradient- loss of memory right before and right after accident, looks like gradient where most loss is around time of accident
fugue- dissociation, psychological state w/ no organic cause
21
cortical blindness
subcortical processing of vision
22
blind sight
think you can see, but no awareness
23
neuron structure
axon, soma, dendrites, myelin, electrical signals, resting potential, neurotransmitters
24
meninges
dura mater (tough), arachnoid mater (spider web-y), pia mater (tender)
25
cerebrospinal fluid
liquid that fills the ventricles and suspends the brain
Also runs through the spinal tract and menages
26
blood-brain barrier
tight junctions that are only permeable to fat soluble molecules
27
white matter
paler tissue, mostly nerve fibers with myelin sheath. loss of this usually impacts processing speed
Inner, sub-cortex
28
gray matter
tissue consisting of dendrites, glial cells, synpases, capillaries
Outer, neocortex, information created
29
corpus callosum
connecting fibers between two hemispheres
Separation causes disconnection syndrome
30
anterior commissure
connects the frontal lobes
31
motor and somatosensory strip
motor -
somatosensory -
32
sulci and gyri
sulci (grooves, like the valleys, sulci sounds like sunken)
gyri (bumps, like the peaks)
33
Stroke
interruption of blood supply to the brain
34
Alzheimer's
progressive disease that destroys memory, people generally still have their social graces intact
35
bvFTD
behavioral variant frontotemporal disorder
characterized by early and progressive changes in personality, emotional blunting and/or loss of empathy.
36
Parkinson's
lack of movement, caused by death of the substantia nigra leading to less dopamine
37
Huntington's
excessive movements, inherited disorder
38
Hydrocephalus
build up of fluid in the brain
39
Seizures
abnormal electrical activity
40
Callosotomy
resection
psychosurgery
cutting corpus callosum
cut out tumor
lobotomies
41
Multiple Sclerosis
degredation of the myelin sheath, processing speed slowed
42
Autism Spectrum
issues with normal social functioning
43
Praeder- Willi
overeating, insatiable hunger, knockout of paternal gener
44
Fragile X
intellectual, inherited disorder
45
Cerebral Palsy
movement disorder
46
Down's syndrome
intellectual, random mutation
47
Rhett's disorder
degeneration after 6-18 months
48
Angelman's
severe intellectual impairments (can't talk, etc.) but are sweet and "angel-like"
49
anterior vs posterior
rostral vs caudal
medial vs lateral
dorsal vs ventral
ipsilateral vs contralateral
proximal vs distal
front vs back
beak vs tail
middle vs side
back vs stomach
same side vs opposite side
close vs far
50
