Final Exam - Vitamins

Question 1

Name the Fat Soluble Vitamins

Answer 1

A D E K

Question 2

Name the Water Soluble Vitamins

Answer 2

All but A D E K

Question 3

Describe The Function of Vitamin B-12

Answer 3

Nerve cell maintenance (found in membrane) and It’s a part of coenzymes used in cell synthesis

Question 4

Describe The Function of Vitamin A

Answer 4

Vision; Maintenance of cornea, Tissues (epithelial cells, mucous membranes, & skin). Bone metabolism; reproduction; immunity

Question 5

Describe The Function of Vitamin K

Answer 5

Blood clotting and production of osteocalcin

Question 6

Describe The Function of Folic Acid

Answer 6

Coenzymes used in DNA synthesis so critical for new cell formation; Formation of neural tube during pregnancy

Question 7

Describe The Function of Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)

Answer 7

Part of Coenzyme TPP Used in energy Metabolism in the Krebs cycle

Question 8

Describe The Function of Beta-Carotene

Answer 8

Vitamin A Precursor and an antioxidant

Question 9

Describe The Function of Vitamin D

Answer 9

Calcium & Phosphorus Absorption; immune Function; Calcium Homeostasis (Study Chart in Evernote!!)

Question 10

Describe The Function of Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

Answer 10

Part of Coenzymes used in energy metabolism and krebs cycle

Question 11

Describe The Function of Vitamin C

Answer 11

Collagen Synthisis and Neurotransmitters; Antioxidant

Question 12

Describe The Function of Vitamin E

Answer 12

Antioxidant; fights free radicals; prevents oxidation of polyunsaturated fats and protection of cell membranes

Question 13

Describe The Function of Vitamin B3 (Niacin)

Answer 13

Coenzymes used in energy metabolism and krebs cycle

Question 14

Vitamin C Toxicity

Answer 14

Stomach cramping and diarrhea in some. No symptoms in others

Question 15

Beta-Carotene Toxicity

Answer 15

Orange skin

Question 16

Vitamin A Toxicity

Answer 16

Decreased Bone Density; Birth defects; Liver Abnormalities

Question 17

Vitamin B3 (Niacin) toxicity

Answer 17

Painful Flushing; Liver Damage; Impaired Glucose Tolerance

Question 18

Vitamin D Toxicity

Answer 18

Calcification of soft tissue because of Elevated Blood Calcium

Question 19

Why do blood levels of calcium increase with Vitamin D toxicity?

Answer 19

because it encourages retention of calcium in blood and decreases it’s excretion in urine. (See Chart)

Question 20

Vitamin B12 Toxicity

Answer 20

None Known

Question 21

Vitamin K Toxicity

Answer 21

Interference with Blood Thinning Meds

Question 22

Vitamin E Toxicity

Answer 22

Hemorrhaging; Increased effect of anticlotting meds

Question 23

Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) toxicity

Answer 23

None known

Question 24

Folic Acid Toxicity

Answer 24

Masking of symptoms of B12 Deficiency (corrects Megoblastic Anemia)

Question 25

What causes mesoblastic Anemia?

Answer 25

Deficiency of B12 or Folic Acid

Question 26

Deficiency of Vitamin C

Answer 26

Scurvy

Question 27

Symptoms of scurvy

Answer 27

pinpoint bleeding, bleeding gums, abnormal bone growth, jaw pain

Question 28

B2 (Riboflavin) deficiency

Answer 28

Inflammation of mouth, skin and eyelids

Question 29

Deficiency of Beta-Carotene

Answer 29

None; it is only a precurser

Question 30

Deficiency of Vitamin A

Answer 30

Night Blindness; Impaired immunity (infectious disease); Hyperkeratosis (formation of white Lumps on Skin)

Question 31

Deficiency of Vitamin B3 (Niacin)

Answer 31

The Disease Pellagra; inflamed, smooth, bright red toungue

Question 32

Deficiency of Vitamin D

Answer 32

In adults: osteomalacia | In Kids: Rickets

Question 33

What are the symptoms of Pellagra and what causes the disease?

Answer 33

4D's Diarrhea, Dementia, Dermatitis, Death. Deficiency of Niacin (B2),

Question 34

Symptoms of Rickets

Answer 34

Bowing Legs; Malformation of skull, ribs, & ends of long bones. Respiration, brain development, and tooth spacing can be affected by this

Question 35

What is osteomalacia

Answer 35

Softening of bone

Question 36

Deficiency of Vitamin B12

Answer 36

Pernicious anemia(megaloblastic anemia); Peripheral Nerve Damage & Paralysis; Sore Tongue

Question 37

Deficiency of Vitamin K

Answer 37

Hemorrhaging (because blood is thin)

Question 38

Deficiency of Vitamin E

Answer 38

Nerve Damage, Erythrocyte Hemolysis

Question 39

Deficiency of Vitamin B1 (thiamin)

Answer 39

Beriberi (Edema & Muscle Wasting); Enlarged Heart and Heart Failure

Question 40

Deficiency of Folic Acid

Answer 40

Megaloblastic Anemia; Smooth red tongue; Mental Confusion, Increased risk of Neural tube defects