Final History

Question 1

The most sacred writings of the Jewish religion are the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, known as the

Answer 1

Torah

Question 2

The Phoenicians contributed greatly to written communication by introducing the first use of

Answer 2

Phonetic symbols

Question 3

In the Hebrew tradition, a covenant is

Answer 3

A mutual promise between God and humanity

Question 4

What does “Islam” mean in Arabic

Answer 4

“Submission to the will of Allah”

Question 5

What do Muslims believe about Muhammad?

Answer 5

He was the last and greatest of the prophets.

Question 6

What division of Islam believes that only a relative of Muhammad is qualified to be a caliph?

Answer 6

Shi’a

Question 7

Toward what city do Muslims pray?

Answer 7

Mecca

Question 8

What are the Five Pillars of Islam?

Answer 8

the major duties required of all Muslims

Question 9

During the 8th-century dispute over icons, which of the following was the main supporter of the iconoclasts?

Answer 9

the Byzantine emperor

Question 10

What was the chief goal of the Crusades?

Answer 10

to recover Jerusalem and the Holy Land from the Muslim Turks

Question 11

What did the Magna Carta guarantee?

Answer 11

Basic legal rights

Question 12

What was the major cause of the Great Schism?

Answer 12

arguments about which man holding the position of pope was the true pope

Question 13

Which of the following was the central issue of the Hundred Years’ War?

Answer 13

the throne of France

Question 14

The Maya based their calendar on careful observations of

Answer 14

the planets, sun, and moon.

Question 15

The main demand that the Incan state placed on its subjects was the mita, which was a

Answer 15

tribute of labor.

Question 16

Conquered provinces resented Aztec rule because

Answer 16

the Aztecs used conquered people for human sacrifice.

Question 17

What was the Renaissance a rebirth of?

Answer 17

art and learning

Question 18

For what is the Medici family famous?

Answer 18

For being rulers and supporters of the arts

Question 19

In what way did Leonardo da Vinci represent the Renaissance Man?

Answer 19

He was a painter, sculptor, inventor, and scientist.

Question 20

What was the first full-sized book Gutenberg printed?

Answer 20

The Bible

Question 21

Luther protested the practice of selling indulgences. What was that practice?

Answer 21

The clergy sold pardons that released people from performing penalties for their sins.

Question 22

Who declared himself the head of the English Church?

Answer 22

Henry VIII

Question 23

What was one of John Calvin’s major teachings?

Answer 23

predestination

Question 24

Why was the caravel an important development in navigation?

Answer 24

It was able to sail against the wind.

Question 25

Who captained the first European ship to sail around the tip of Africa, now known as the Cape of Good Hope?

Answer 25

Bartolomeu Dias

Question 26

Who conquered the Aztec empire?

Answer 26

Hernando Cortés

Question 27

Where in the Americas did Christopher Columbus land first?

Answer 27

an island in the Caribbean Sea

Question 28

What concept was the belief in "divine right" used to support?

Answer 28

absolute rule

Question 29

The heliocentric, or sun-centered, theory was proposed by

Answer 29

Nicolaus Copernicus.

Question 30

Francis Bacon helped to develop

Answer 30

the scientific method.

Question 31

Isaac Newton explained the

Answer 31

law of universal gravitation.

Question 32

Which goal was NOT stated in the "slogan of the Revolution"?

Answer 32

justice

Question 33

Which document stated that "men are born and remain free and equal in rights"?

Answer 33

the Declaration of the Rights of Man

Question 34

During the Reign of Terror, who was safe from the guillotine?

Answer 34

no one

Question 35

What was Napoleon able to accomplish during peacetime?

Answer 35

All of the above are true.

Question 36

Which of the following was an important goal of the Congress of Vienna?

Answer 36

To establish a balance of power in Europe

Question 37

What was the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 37

increased output of machine-made goods that began in England during the 18th-century

Question 38

Which of the following was a result of the agricultural revolution?

Answer 38

All of the above are true.

Question 39

What were the three factors of production required to drive the industrial revolution?

Answer 39

land, labor, capital

Question 40

What is the name for the voluntary associations of workers seeking labor reforms?

Answer 40

Unions

Question 41

What is the policy of glorifying power and keeping an army prepared for war?

Answer 41

militarism

Question 42

What region was referred to as the "powder keg" of Europe?

Answer 42

the Balkan Peninsula

Question 43

Which statement summarizes the Schlieffen Plan that Germany created to prepare for a two-front war?

Answer 43

Attack France first, then Russia.

Question 44

Why were Germany and Austria-Hungary known as Central Powers?

Answer 44

because of their location in the heart of Europe

Question 45

What action on November 11, 1918, brought World War I to an end?

Answer 45

An armistice was signed.

Question 46

Who was forced to assume sole responsibility for the war under the Treaty of Versailles

Answer 46

Germany

Question 47

Which German political party sought to overturn the Treaty of Versailles and combat communism?

Answer 47

Nazi

Question 48

What term was used to identify the alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan?

Answer 48

Axis Powers

Question 49

What prompted Great Britain and France to declare war on Germany?

Answer 49

German invasion of Poland

Question 50

The German blitzkrieg was a military strategy that depended on what advantage?

Answer 50

surprise and overwhelming force

Question 51

What event occurred on the day described as "a date which will live in infamy"?

Answer 51

attack on Pearl Harbor

Question 52

What was significant about the Battle of Midway?

Answer 52

It turned the war in the Pacific against the Japanese.

Question 53

Which of the following battles marked the final German offensive?

Answer 53

Battle of the Bulge

Question 54

Where were atomic bombs dropped?

Answer 54

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Question 55

Which of the following was addressed by the Nuremberg Trials?

Answer 55

the Holocaust