FINAL hydrocarbon in the north Flashcards Preview

Y2 T1 Toxicology 200 > FINAL hydrocarbon in the north > Flashcards

Flashcards in FINAL hydrocarbon in the north Deck (10)
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1
Q

Challenges to remediation in the north

A
  • Cold climate
  • Short growing season
  • Poorly developed soils
  • Remote locations
2
Q

Why use Soil Amendments to restore soil

A
• Lack of organic matter,
low pH and high organic/
inorganic contaminants
• Immobilise contaminants
within the soil matrix while
providing conditions that
promote plant growth
• In situ application providing cost-effective ways
to restore natural processes
3
Q

Soil Amendments

A

Biochar:
Product of thermal degradation of organic matter
under oxygen limited conditions (pyrolysis)
• Produces a highly porous carbon-rich charcoal-like
product

4
Q

In Situ Application

A

at the site, not offsite

=cost affective

5
Q

Pyrolysis

A

organic matter under oxygen limited conditions

6
Q

Biochar can

A

adsorb both organic and inorganic contaminants
• increase water holding capacity of the soil
• increase biomass production
• increase soil pH
• decrease tensile strength
• increase Cation Exchange Capacity
• improve fertilizer use efficiency
• change microbiology of the soil(alter organisms that are present)

• In northern sandy soils biochar may improve the
texture of the soil, which in turn may stimulate
microbial activity driving hydrocarbons
degradation
• In soils with adequate nutrients, temperature, and
θliquid there may be limited response from biochar
applications
• Remediation may be active under frozen
conditions extending remediation periods and
providing new cost-effective remediation
strategies

7
Q
Liquid water (θliquid), limits \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_ in frozen soil as unfrozen
water allows the diffusion of microbial substrates and waste products
A

microbial activity

8
Q

Biochar promoted germination and growth when with ____

A

lime

9
Q

Biochar may have influenced germination and growth because

A
retention of soil moisture
• increased temperature at the surface due to low
albedo
• increased nutrient retention
• increasing pH
• reduction in bioavailability
of heavy metals
10
Q

Conclusions

A

In northern soils biochars may:
• Promote the degradation of hydrocarbons
• Reduce the bioavailability of heavy metals
• Improve soil conditions
• Promote long term re-vegetative success
Further studies:
• Sorption of hydrocarbons/long-term fate of heavy
metals
• Providing effective biochar formulations and optimal
rates
• Efficient application technologies