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Biopsychology > Final Lab > Flashcards

Final Lab Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

Axon

A

Information AWAY from cell

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2
Q

Dendrites

A

Information INTO cell

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3
Q

The __________ present on the axons of some neurons speeds up impulses

A

Myelin sheath

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4
Q

Reflex arc is quicker because input from the brain is not required

True or false

A

True

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5
Q

Central nervous system consists of ?

A

Brain and spinal cord

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6
Q

Peripheral nervous system consists of ?

A

Somatic

Autonomic

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7
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Nerves convey sensory information to the CNS

SENSORY + VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT

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8
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

regulate the autonomic behaviors of the body

Control heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, digestion, etc

INVOLUNTARY

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9
Q

Autonomic divisions

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

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10
Q

Sympathetic

A

Fight or flight

Increases heart rate and breathing

Decreases digestion

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11
Q

Parasympathetic

A

Rest and digest

Decreases functions of sympathetic nervous system

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12
Q

Gray matter

A

Contains Neuron cell bodies and dendrites

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13
Q

White matter

A

Contains Myelinated axons

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14
Q

Medulla (oblongata)

A

Responsible for vital reflexes and functions needed to stay alive

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15
Q

Pons

A

Controls muscle movements, like walking

Works in conjunction to increase arousal and readiness of other parts of the brain

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16
Q

Physiological

A

Chemical/ biological

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17
Q

Ontogenetic

Developmental

A

Changes with maturity over time

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18
Q

Functional

A

Explains why trait is useful

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19
Q

Evolutionary

A

Explains similarities between species

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20
Q

Cerebellum

A

Helps regulate motor movements

Balance and coordination

Important for shifting attention between auditory and visual stimuli

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21
Q

Post central gyrus

Parietal lobe

A

Primary somatosensory cortex

Responsible for touch sensations and information from muscle-stretch receptors and joint receptors

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22
Q

Pre central gyrus (frontal lobe)

A

Responsible for the control of fine motor movement

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23
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Primary auditory cortex

Spoken language

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24
Q

Parietal lobe

A

Primary somatosensory cortex

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25
Frontal lobe
Primary motor cortex
26
Hippocampus
Memory
27
Thalamus
Sensory relay station
28
Hypothalamus
``` 4 F’s: Feeding Flight Fight Sex ```
29
Pineal gland
Sleep/wake cycle
30
Pituitary gland
Hormones
31
Corpus callosum
Connect right and left sides of brain
32
Ventricles
Four fluid filled structures in the brain Two lateral ventricles, a 3rd ventricle and a 4th ventricle
33
The ventricular system is continuos with central canal in spinal cord and is filled with cerebrospinal fluid CSF True or false
True
34
Phenotype
Appearance of trait Blood type, hair color
35
Genotype
Genetic makeup AB , Bb
36
Most neurons cannot be replaced True or false
True
37
Neurons/ connections not used by the brain _____
Die
38
A young child has twice as many connections between _____ as an adult
Neurons
39
Normal adult aging DOES involve massive neuron death True or false
False It does not
40
Brain development never ends- brains are plastic and adapt to the world (lifelong plasticity) BUT younger brains do have a greater ability to change than older brains True or false
True
41
Optic disc/ blind spot located ?
Located where the optic nerve exits the retina
42
Occipital lobe
Primary visual cortex
43
The ear contains structures important for both _____ & _____
Hearing & balance
44
Skin sensory receptors are not distributed equally True or false
True
45
Ability to determine the location/ number of places touched is different for different body regions True or false
True
46
Insula
Primary gustatory (taste) cortex and secondary somatosensory cortex
47
Information from all of the senses except ______ travels to the thalamus first (sensory relay station)
Olfaction
48
Three types of muscle
Smooth Skeletal Cardiac
49
The _________ _______ (suprachiasmatic nucleus in the hypothalamus) generates circadian rhythms
Biological clock
50
The __________ produces melatonin and affects sleep/ wake cycles
Pineal gland
51
Obesity results from a combination of genetic factors and environmental influences True or false
True
52
Errors in sex chromosomes (too few or too many Xs or Ys) exist for only female phenotypes True or false
False Exist for both female and male phenotypes
53
XX individuals can be masculinized (and XY individuals feminized) by various conditions True or false
True
54
Items are recalled better if they are processed more deeply (determining if a word belongs in a particular category vs counting the number of letters in the word) True or false
True
55
_______ memories are formed during stressful or emotional events and are typically perceived to be particularly accurate, although that is not always the case
Flashbulb memories
56
Broca’s area
Expressive or non fluent Patients have difficulty producing understandable speech Problems with the motor aspect of language
57
Wernickes area
Receptive or fluent Patients have difficulty understanding language, although their spoken words may sound normal
58
Deaf people who learn American Sign Language show brain activity in many of the same areas as _______
Spoken language
59
Left brain hemisphere
Frequently dominant for language
60
Right brain hemisphere
Frequently dominant for Visio-spatial and creative functions
61
Humans prefer one side over the other for vision, hearing, hand use, and foot use True or false
True
62
Right size preference order
Hand (90%) Foot (80%) Eye (70%) Ear (60%)
63
In people who write using “normal” writing posture, the hemisphere specialized for language is opposite True or false
True Right hand= left brain language Left hand= right language
64
People who rite using an inverted posture (Obama, Prince William) the same side is specialized for language True or false
True
65
_____ and ______ to certain aspects of a stimulus affect how well it is learned and remembered
Focus and attention

Biopsychology (25 decks)

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