Final old test complete option part 3 Flashcards
(34 cards)
1
Q
- Vesicles that carry proteins from the ER to the Golgi are
A
a. COPII-coated
2
Q
- Major molecule of vesicle fusion. Target membrane driven by interaction call vesicle & target
A
a. SNARES
3
Q
- Lysosomes contain 60 enzymes that are degradable…if you have an enzyme deficiency, you have _________________, leading to hydrolysis of gluycosylceramide to glucose and ceramide (toxic)
A
a. Gaucher’s disease
4
Q
- Actin exists in cells in two major forms: __________ and _______
A
a. F-actin and G-actin (fibrous and globular)
5
Q
- Branching of actin filaments is initiated by
A
a. Arp2/3
6
Q
- Actin filaments bound into bundles of parallel filaments by _________
A
a. α-actin and fimbrin
7
Q
- In actin filament assembly, monomers added to barbed end and then removed from pointed end are in a process called ______________
A
a. Treadmilling
8
Q
- Muscle contraction in A-band ________
A
a. Stays the same width, I and H band shorten.
9
Q
- Myosin ______ is present in muscle sarcomeres.
A
a. II
10
Q
- Microtubules are assembled from _____________
A
a. Dimers of α and β tubulin
11
Q
- Which nucleotide triphosphate is hydrolyzed during a cycle of microtubule assembly & disassembly?
A
a. GTP (nucleotide triphosphate)
12
Q
- Microtubules rapidly depolymerizing and growing is a process called ________________
A
a. Dynamic instability
13
Q
- Major microtubule-organizing centers is _____________
A
a. Centrosome
14
Q
- The role of centrosomes ______________
A
a. Initiate microtubule growth
15
Q
- Microtubules overlap in the center of the mitotic spindle called the ___________ area
A
a. Polar
16
Q
- What does cofilin do?
A
a. Disassembly of actin filaments
17
Q
- Actin is cross-linked into parallel bundles and __________
A
a. Contractile bundles
18
Q
- What is the basis of muscle contraction?
A
a. Sliding filament mechanism of actin and myosin fibers passing over each other
19
Q
- Which is true of all kinesins and dyneins?
A
a. They are microtubule-dependent motors
20
Q
- Extracellular gels form from GAGs (repeating units of disaccharides). Which is not a disaccharide?
A
a. Fibronectin
21
Q
- Contractile rings of ________ and myosin II are assembled by membrane-bound myosin.
A
a. Actin
22
Q
- Major cell surface receptors => attachment of cells to extracellular matrix are ________
A
a. Integrins
23
Q
- Adherens junctions are linked to cytoplasmic __________________
A
a. Actin filaments
24
Q
- Desmosome junctions are linked to cytoplasmic _______________
A
a. Intermediate filaments
25
a. Intermediate filaments
a. Glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline
26
27. Specific recognition between cell types like leukocytes and endothelial cells are mediated by cell-surface glycoprotein ___________
a. Selectins
27
28. Hemophilic interactions happen ___________ molecules of the same molecular class
a. Among adhesion
28
29. Junctions that allow ions to diffuse freely are _______
a. Gap junctions
29
30. Communication junctions in plants are ______________
a. Plasmodesmata
30
31. Integrins are a type of
a. Transmembrane protein
31
32. Cell-cell adhesions are mediated by 4 groups of adhesion molecules. Which of these is NOT an adhesion molecule?
a. Collagen
32
33. Cell-cell signaling. The cell signaling is mediated by secreted molecules that include
a. Endocrine signaling
b. Paracrine signaling
c. Autocrine signaling
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
33
34. Stimulation of T-lymphocytes lead to their own synthesis of growth factors. This is an example of
a. Autocrine signaling
34
35. The term “paracrine signaling” means
a. Signaling between cells located close to each other
