Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Periodontics I > FInal- Periodontitis as a Manifestation of Systemic Disease - High Yield > Flashcards

FInal- Periodontitis as a Manifestation of Systemic Disease - High Yield Flashcards

(74 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

T/F: Diseases and conditions can affect the periodontal tissues by affecting the periodontal supporting tissues INDEPENDENTLY of dental plaque biofilm-induced inflammation:

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Systemic disorders that have a major impact on the loss of periodontal tissue by influencing periodontal inflammation include: (3)

A
  1. genetic disorders
  2. AIDS
  3. inflammatory diseases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
  • Trisomy 21 or mongolism
  • characteristic physical appearance
  • mental deficiency & growth retardation
A

down syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

List some physical characteristics of Down syndrome:

A
  • mongolism
  • small nose, mouth & ears
  • slightly bent pinky
  • short stocky build
  • almond shaped eyes with skin fold covering inner corner
  • white spots on colored part of eyes
  • flat, round face
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Give another name for Down syndrome:

A
  1. mongolism
  2. trisomy 21
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe how periodontal disease is categorized in Down syndrome:

A

moderate to severe periodontitis with rapid progression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

T/F: In Down syndrome local factors alone explained the severity of periodontal destruction

A

False- local factors along FAILED to explain the severity of the periodontal destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What aspects of down syndrome might contribute to the moderate to severe periodontal destruction with rapid progression?

A

INTRINSIC IMMUNE SYSTEM DEFECTS
- Poor PMN chemotaxis
- Poor phagocytosis
- Intracellular killing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

List the three intrinsic immune system defects seen in Down syndrome:

A
  1. poor PMN chemotaxis
  2. Poor phagocytosis
  3. Intracellular killing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (LAD) is due to a mutation in:

A

Beta-2 integrin gene (ITGB2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Lack of Beta-2 Integrin Gene in LAD results in: (2)

A
  1. Lack of beta-2 intern mRNA in leukocytes
  2. Low integrin (CD18 or CD15) expression on neutrophils
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
  1. Lack of beta-2 intern mRNA in leukocytes
  2. Low integrin (CD18 or CD15) expression on neutrophils

This is seen in _____ due to ____

A

LAD; mutation in beta-2 integrin gene (ITGB2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the neutrophil insufficiency in LAD:

A

Neutrophils are confined to blood vessels resulting in disruption of neutrophil-associated homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In what disease are neutrophils confined to blood vessels, resulting in?

A

LAD; disruption of neutrophil-associated homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe what is seen in the periodontium of LAD individuals:

A

History of severe recurrent infection but NO pus; leukocytosis is common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a common manifestation that comes along with the history of severe recurrent infection but NO pus in LAD patients?

A

leukocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome is caused by a mutation in:

A

cathepsin C gene (CTSC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome is caused by a mutation in cathepsin C gene (CTSC) that is located on:

A

chromosome 11q14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The mutation in Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome (Cathetpsin C gene (CTSC) results in:

A
  1. compromised neutrophil function
  2. decreased phagocytosis
  3. hyperkeratotic lesons
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What type of lesions result from the mutation in the cathepsin C gene (CTSC) in Papillon-Lefvre syndrome?

A

Hyperkeratotic lesions
- palms
-soles of feet
- elbows
- knees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Chediak-Higashi Syndrome is due to a mutation in:

A

CHS1 gene & LYST gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The mutations in CHS1 gene & LYST genes seen in Chediak-Higashi Syndrome result in:

A

Lysosomal tracking defect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Partial oculocutaneous albinisn is seen in Chediak-Higashi Syndrome, why do we see this?

A

due to defects in melanin granules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Patients with Chediak-Higashi Syndrome have recurrent pyogenic infections due to:

A
  1. circulating leukocytes exhibit DEFECTIVE lysosomes
  2. Decrease in phagoyctosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
The varying neurologic problems seen in Chediak-Higashi Syndrome include:
1. intellectual defecti 2. dementia
26
- Mutation in CHS1 - Mutation in LYST - Lysosomal tracking defection - Partial oculocutaneous albinism (defective melanin granules) - Recurrent pyogenic infections (defective lysosomes in circulating leukocytes & decrease in phagocytosis) - Varying neurologic problems (intellectual deficit & dementia)
Chediak-Higashi Syndrome
27
Congenital neutropenia results from a mutation in:
ELANE (50%) HAX1 (10%) 33% unknown cause
28
Congenital neutropenia results in a ____ number of _____
decreased; neutrophils
29
What is the ANC level of one with congenital neutropenia?
less than 500 cell/microliter and static
30
What is clinical manfiestions of congenital neutropenia?
1. defective immune response 2. severe & recurrent infections
31
Disease associated with Immunologic disorders:
1. down syndrome 2. LAD 3. PLS 4. Chediak-Higashi Syndrome 5. Congenital neutropenia
32
1. down syndrome 2. LAD 3. PLS 4. Chediak-Higashi Syndrome 5. Congenital neutropenia Fill in the mutations associated with these diseases:
1. down syndrome- trisomy 21 2. LAD- Beta-2 Integrin 3. PLS- Cathepsin C Gene (CTSC) 4. Chediak-Higashi Syndrome- LYST gene & CHS1 5. Congenital neutropenia- ELANE & HAX1 & Unknown
33
What type of syndrome is Ehlers-Danlos syndrome categorized as?
Diseases affecting the connective tissue
34
List the oral manifestations of Ehler's-Danlos syndrome:
1. generalized, early-onset severe periodontitis 2. gingival recession 3. early loss of primary & permanent teeth 4. GENERALIZED LACK OF ATTACHED GINGIVA
35
In what connective tissue disease do we see a GENERALIZED LACK OF ATTACHED GINGIVA?
Ehler's-Danlos syndrome
36
What mutation causes HYPOphosphatasia?
Mutation in alkalaine phosphatase gene (ALPL)
37
The forms of hypophosphatasisa range from:
mild to severe
38
Describe oral manifestations seen in hypophosphatasisa:
1. defective cementum 2. alveolar bone loss 3. premature loss of teeth
39
IDDM:
type 1
40
NIDDM:
type 2
41
Describe the onset of the following : Type 1 DM: Type 2 DM:
Type 1 DM: Early onset but can occur at any age Type 2 DM: Adult onset
42
What is the prevalence and pathophysiology of type 1 DM?
5-10%; destruction of the pancreatic beta cells
43
What is the prevalence and pathophysiology of type 2 DM?
90-95%; obesity & genetics
44
List the characteristics of type 1 DM:
1. absolute insulin deficiency 2. marked tendency toward ketosis & coma
45
List the characteristics of type 2 DM:
1. blood level of insulin my be normal, increased, or decreased 2. development of ketosis and coma is uncommon
46
_____ is a complicating factor for diabetes and also affects ____
periodontitis; glycemic control
47
What type of bacteria are seen in diabetic patients with perio disease?
gram negative
48
Periodontal treatment in a diabetic patient leads to:
1. improved insulin sensitivity 2. improved glycemic control
49
- estrogen withdrawal - increase in IL6 - increased bone turnover - net systemic bone loss - decrease in bone mineral density - weakened bone microarchitecture - high risk of bone fracture
Osteoporosis
50
In osteoporosis there needs to be a homeostasis between what three factors?
1. bone 2. estrogen 3. inflammation
51
Describe the periodontitis associated with osteoporosis: (4)
1. bacterial infection 2. local inflammatory insult 3. initial cortical bone compromise 4. bone loss
52
What are the shared risk factors between osteoporosis and periodontitis?
1. AGE 2. SMOKING 3. VITAMIN D 4. CALCIUM DEFICIENCY
53
1. AGE 2. SMOKING 3. VITAMIN D 4. CALCIUM DEFICIENCY These are the shared risk factors between:
osteoporosis & periodontitis
54
T/F: Patients with arthritis (OA & RA) have a higher incidence of periodontal disease compared to healthy controls
True
55
What is the correlation between RA and periodontitis?
the both invoke the same cytokines and pro-inflammatory mediators
56
____ may play a key role in the pathogenesises of periodontitis-associated RA:
P. Gingivalis
57
In RA, P. gingivalis produces _____ which is associated with the RA
peptidylarganine deaminase (PAD)
58
Peptidylarginine deaminase (PAD) is produced by ____ and is seen in what disease?
P. gingivalis; RA & periodontitis
59
Other systemic disorders that may contribute to the periodontal tissue loss by influencing the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases:
1. smoking 2. stress/depression
60
List the oral manifestations of smoking (any type):
1. 4x attachment loss 2. leukoplakia 3. carcinoma 4. tooth loss 5. gingival recession
61
Smokers have ___x the attachment loss than non-smokers
4x
62
What cancer is associated with smokers?
carcinoma
63
List the continuum seen in smokers with periodontal disease:
1. impaired immune response 2. subgingival anaerobic infection 3. connective tissue cytotoxicity 4. impaired wound healing 5. increased severity of periodontitis
64
Fill in the blanks of the continuum seen in smokers with periodontal disease: 1. impaired _____ 2. _____ infection 3. _____ cytoxicity 4. impaired ____ 5. increased severity of ___
1. impaired immune response 2. subgingival anaerobic infection 3. connective tissue cytotoxicity 4. impaired wound healing 5. increased severity of periodontitis
65
Nicotine causes:
vasoconstriction
66
Nicotine causes vasoconstriction of the:
peripheral blood vessels
67
Nicotine causes vasoconstriction of the peripheral blood vessels which leads to:
decrease in tissue oxygenation
68
Tars are ____ & ___
cytotoxic and sticky
69
Tars are cytotoxic and sticky leading to:
Lung disease (COPD & Cancer)
70
Tars are cytotoxic and sticky causing lung disease ultimately leading to:
decrease in tissue oxygenation
71
When do nicotine and tars smoking chart merge?
both causing a decrease in tissue oxygenation
72
Both nicotine and tars lead to a decrease in tissue oxygenation resulting in: (3)
1. SUBgingival ANAEROBIC infection 2. connective tissue cytotoxicity 3. impaired wound healing
73
- SUBgingival ANAEROBIC infection - CT cytotoxicity - Impaired wound healing These are all due to:
smoking (nicotine & tars)
74
Systemic disorders that can result in a loss of periodontal tissue independent of periodontitis:
1. neoplasms 2. other disorders that may affect periodontal tissue

Periodontics I (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions