Final Pt. 2 Flashcards
(72 cards)
The following statement—“I haven’t read everything published on the topic, and so I may be off base, but I think the author’s argument is flawed—contains an example of _____________.
disclaimer
__________ expressions may be interpreted differently based on the context in which they occur.
Facial
Ji-hoon and his classmates were working on a project for their English-as-a-second-language course. They spoke primarily in English, as the assignment required, but when they came to a part they were confused about, they began to speak in Korean. This is an example of _____________.
code switching
In terms of the power of the situation, research and real life experiences overwhelmingly demonstrate that our ___________________ can affect our behavior and our _________________can affect our attitudes.
attitudes, behavior
The use of ______ allows people to communicate with others about experiences that they do not share directly.
Language
In an effort to get his students to practice frequently, a vocal coach hangs posters of their favorite singers and bands on the wall. Underneath each, he writes the numbers of hours they practiced on average, and how many years it took them to “get to the top.” He is relying on
referent power
The _____________route to persuasion is more powerful and more permanent than the _____________route.
central, peripheral
It is less likely for an observer to give aid if others are present and the greater the number, the less likely it becomes. This phenomenon is known as_____________________.
bystander effect
Recall the study in which a confederate collapsed on a subway floor. Bystanders were less likely to help the confederate when he carried a liquor bottle and appeared drunk than when he carried a cane and appeared disabled. Researchers interpreted this finding to indicate that bystanders believe the drunk confederate _____________.
less deserving of help
Catharsis has been shown to ________ aggression.
increase
In creating a situation of control, the power of the role, ___________________, environment, and level of supervision are all factors.
rules
Early research on the impact of gender on communication found that _______ were more likely to end their statement as a question (“It’s hot in here, isn’t it?”) while _______ were more likely to use intensifiers (“It’s really hot in here.”).
men, women
Typically, when the relative status of two individuals is ambiguous, they will address each other informally to reduce discomfort.
True or False
True
Melinda always watched what she ate, and made sure she only ate low-fat foods. She believed that by cutting out the fat, she would be at her best. Recently, though, her sister told her that having a small amount of fat—particularly “healthy” fats like those found in avocados—was better for her health than no fat at all. Melinda was convinced, and now eats a small amount of “healthy fat” each day. The factor(s) that likely lead to Melinda’s change in attitude is/are _____________.
The discrepancy of the message
Obedience to authority can produce ________ results.
positive
The _____ model suggests that SEV increases as credibility and/or magnitude increases.
SEV
Dionne’s roommate, Lydia, was upset. “Dionne, you have to stop taking such long showers. Don’t you care that there is a water shortage? There are people without clean drinking water. Soon, there won’t be enough water for everyone to drink, let alone water the crops to grow food! If you don’t change your ways you are just contributing to the problem.” Lydia’s angry outburst is an example of _____________.
fear arousal
Long lasting change requires a lot of ___________involvement of the person who was the target.
active
While physical proximity of the source to the target is shown to increase obedience, the target’s proximity to the victim has _______ effect.
an
One reason people in bad moods are less likely to help is that they see themselves as less fortunate and do not want to divert resources to other people.
true or false
true
The psychological phenomenon in which people are less likely to take action, or feel a sense of responsibility, in the presence of a large group of people is known as ___________________________.
the diffusion effect
what theory of altruism is this:
Parents tend to behave more altruistically toward healthy offspring than toward sick offspring.
evolutionary theories of altruism
Recall the study in which a bodybuilder gave incorrect directions to a confederate on a train. What did the study find and conclude?
People were less likely to intervene when the bodybuilder had recently threatened a confederate who stumbled over his outstretched feat because there were more potential costs associated with intervening.
_______ are less likely than _______ to help a child who they witness being abused.
men, women
