Final Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

The desire for news goes back to preliterate culture, people were most concerned about events that impacted:

A

Their daily lives

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2
Q

Newspapers did not begin until:

A

The 16th century

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3
Q

After __________ the audience and need for news was changing

A

The American Civil War

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4
Q

Hearst and Pulitzer saw a chance to develop newspapers with large circulations. They needed to avoid:

A

Obvious political partisanship

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5
Q

Growth of vastly circulating newspapers ushered in an:

A

era of big news

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6
Q

The dramatic decrease of audiences for big news was not Americans losing interest in being informed; Instead:

A

The shift in exposure to online news sources

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7
Q

Changes in the need for news

A
  1. Want more efficient access to news

2. People want a different kind of news

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8
Q

People prefer news stories that are:

A

Local

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9
Q

Digital media give people ___ access to news.

A

Quicker

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10
Q

A technique that journalists use to generate leads and information

A

Crowdsourcing

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11
Q

The closer an event is to us, the more we find it ___

A

Interesting

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12
Q

The ability to personalize new stories to satisfy the particular needs of each niche audience.

A

Hyper-local

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13
Q

Less than ___% of users scroll down to the end of a news article

A

10

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14
Q

Conceptualizes news as the daily flow of information from expert journalists to the general public for the purposes of educating the population so they can make well-informed choices in a democracy

A

Political Philosophy Perspective

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15
Q

Encapsulates what journalists believe to be the purpose and nature of news and presents this encapsulation as a template for what news should be

A

Professional Journalistic Perspective

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16
Q

Event has to be current to be considered news

A

Timeliness

17
Q

The magnitude of the consequences of an event

Example: A shooting resulting in the death of 5 people is more newsworthy than 1 death

A

Significance

18
Q

How close the event is to the news audience.

Example: A shooting that takes place in a news outlets hometown is more newsworthy

A

Proximity

19
Q

How well-known people and institutions are in the event being considered as newsworthy.
Example: If the mayor of a town is shot

A

Prominence

20
Q

The degree to which the parties in an event disagree

A

Conflict

21
Q

How strongly the event would appeal to human emotions

A

Human Interest

22
Q

The degree to which an event is out of the ordinary

Example: Man bites dog

A

Deviance

23
Q

Focuses on how news organizations operate as businesses

A

Economic Perspective

24
Q

What are two criticisms of the economic perspective

A
  1. guided by profit more than education

2. tends to change news content in a harmful way

25
Q

Related to the economic perspective, it beings with the premise that news organizations are businesses that need to generate enough revenue to stay in business, so they must attract a large audience

A

Marketing Perspective

26
Q

People seek out information that conforms to their existing belief systems and avoids information that challenges their beliefs

A

Selective Exposure

27
Q

Implies a judgement that a person makes that there is something wrong with the news

A

Fake News

28
Q

3 general principles of professionalism

A

Knowledge
Organization
Autonomy

29
Q

A cognitive base and particular skills

A

Knowledge

30
Q

How a profession may require membership of professional associations that legitimately represent the profession…how practitioners must be able to earn a living from engaging full time in their profession, and formal codes of ethics

A

Organization

31
Q

How professionals are able to do their jobs with a great deal of individual discretion and that external influence over the work process itself should be nonexistent

A

Autonomy

32
Q

4 principles of an ethical journalist

A
  1. Seek truth and report it
  2. Minimize harm
  3. Act independently
  4. Accountable and transparent