Final Review

Question 0

Specialized products of tyrosine, phenylalanine

Answer 0

Epinephrine. Norepinephrine. Melanin. Dopamine. Thyroid hormones.

Question 1

Specialized product of tryptophan

Answer 1

Serotonin, melatonin, nad, NADP

Question 2

Specialized product of Arginine

Answer 2

Nitric oxide, creatinine

Question 3

Specialized products of histidine

Answer 3

Histamine

Question 4

Specialized product of glutamic acid

Answer 4

GABA, glutathione

Question 5

Specialized product of glycine

Answer 5

Heme and glutathione

Question 6

Cofactors methylmalonyl coa mutase

Answer 6

B12

Question 7

Cofactors transaminase

Answer 7

PLP

Question 8

Cofactors hydroxylase

Answer 8

BH4

Question 9

Cofactors methionine synthase

Answer 9

B12

Question 10

Cofactor cytochrome c oxidase

Answer 10

Copper

Question 11

Cofactors superoxide dismutase

Answer 11

Copper

Question 12

Cofactor Lysyl oxidase

Answer 12

Copper

Question 13

Cofactors tyrosinase

Answer 13

Copper

Question 14

Cofactor dopamine beta hydroxylase

Answer 14

Copper, vit c

Question 15

Cofactor ceruloplasmin

Answer 15

Copper

Question 16

Cause menke’s

Answer 16

Low copper, x linked

Question 17

Cause Wilson’s

Answer 17

High copper, deficient ceruloplasmin

Question 18

Causes microcytic anemia

Answer 18

Low copper, low PLP, low iron,

Question 19

Iron absorption

Answer 19

Heme from meat. Ferric iron from green leafy veggies. Must be converted to ferrous iron in intestine (ceruloplasmin has feroxidase activity)

Question 20

Where is iron stored?

Answer 20

Reticulocytes and liver

Question 21

What form is iron stored in?

Answer 21

Ferritin/hemodexerin

Question 22

Symptoms of hereditary hemochromatosis

Answer 22

Accumulation of stored iron.

Bronze skin, diabetes, heart dysfunction, liver damage

Question 23

Use of zinc

Answer 23

Oxidases

Question 24

Result of zinc deficiency

Answer 24

Acrodermititis enteropathica

Question 25

Iodine used in....

Answer 25

Thyroid hormone

Question 26

Deficiency of iodine leads to....

Answer 26

Goiter

Question 27

What needs selenium?

Answer 27

Glutathione peroxidase

Question 28

What needs manganese?

Answer 28

Pyruvate Carboxylase!

Question 29

What needs magnesium?

Answer 29

Enzymes using ATP

Question 30

Tay Sachs

Answer 30

Beta hexamidase a GM2(ganglioside) onion inclusions.. cherry red spot macula densa Deadsies

Question 31

Niemann pick

Answer 31

Sphingomyelinase, sphingomyelin, foamy cell. Type A is fatal by 2-3y Type B causes HS megaly.

Question 32

Fabry

Answer 32

Alpha galatosidase , globosides, bathing trunk rash, peripheral neuropathy.

Question 33

Gaucher

Answer 33

Beta glucosidase, glucosyl ceremide, HS megaly, osteoporosis, NO NEUROPATHY

Question 34

Metachromatic leukodystrophy

Answer 34

Aryl sulfatase A, sulfatides, progressive paralysis and demyelination.

Question 35

I cell disease

Answer 35

Inability to phosphorylate mannose, poor targeting, sphingomyelin and GAGs, Looks like hurlers.

Question 36

Hunter's

Answer 36

Idonurate sulfatase, heparan/dermatan sulfate, NO Cataracts

Question 37

Hurlers

Answer 37

L alpha idonurase, HS/ds, cataracts

Question 38

Pompe disease

Answer 38

Acid Maltase, glycogen, cardiomyopathy, liver and muscle damage

Question 39

Albumin

Answer 39

Made in liver, low causes edema

Question 40

Alpha fetoprotein

Answer 40

Alpha one High in adults liver, testicular, or ovarian cancer High in amnio, neural tube defect Low in amnio, Down syndrome.

Question 41

Alpha one antitrypsin

Answer 41

Inhibits neutrophil elastase marker for emphysema

Question 42

Transcortin

Answer 42

Alpha one | Transports cortisol

Question 43

Retinol binding protein

Answer 43

Alpha one , transports Retinol (vitamin a)

Question 44

Alpha 2 macroglobulin

Answer 44

Alpha two | Huge and not normally secreted in urine, marker for glomerular damage (nephrosis)

Question 45

Ceruloplasmin

Answer 45

Alpha two | Transports copper. Marker for Wilson's disease if low. Also has feroxidase activity in intestines

Question 46

haptoglobulin

Answer 46

Alpha two | Binds hb in serum. Low haptoglobulin indicates hemolysis

Question 47

Beta LDL

Answer 47

Cholesterol transport to peripheral tissues and liver. Contains apo b100.

Question 48

Hemopexin

Answer 48

Beta Saves heme iron! Prevents it's excretion

Question 49

Transferrin

Answer 49

Transports iron in blood

Question 50

Immunoglobulins

Answer 50

Gamma One elevated in multiple myeloma All in liver cirrhosis