Final revision Flashcards
Main risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes
- obesity
- use of insulin during pregnancy
- fasting glucose levels from OGTT in pregnancy
- impaired glucose tolerance postpartum
- ethnic group
If you have type 1/2 diabetes, you should receive an anomaly scan when?
Week 18
Glucose levels to confirm GD
- fasting >5.1
- 2 hours: >8.5
Target glucose levels for GD
- fasting: 3.5-5.9
- 1 hour post prandial:
Which illegal drug is defos associated with preterm birth
Coccaine
Infections which could cause poor fetal growth
Rubella
CMV
How can you assess fetal growth?
- Ultrasound
- Growth charts
What are accelerations?
An increase in fetal heart rate at the start of a uterine contraction returning to the baseline rate before or sometimes after the contraction
-indicates good reflex reactivity of the fetal circulation
What is loss of baseline variability?
Baseline fetal heart rate/variability of less than 5 beats per minute
What are late decelerations?
Decelerations where the lowest point is past the peak of the contraction
-often associated with asphyxia
What does the biophysical profile look at?
Ultrasound to asses:
- movement
- tone
- liquor volume
- breathing movements
Score out of 10:
8-10: satisfactory
4-6: repeat
0-2: deliver
Gram negative STI
chlamydia
Post coital or intermenstrual bleeding
Lower abdominal pain
Dyspareunia
Mucopurulent cervicitis
Chlamydia (female presentation)
Urethral discharge
Dysuria
Urethritis
Epididymo-orchitis
Chlamydia (male presentation)
How could chlamydia present in neonates?
Conjunctivitis
Pneumonia
Reiter’s syndrome
Typically affects younger males:
- urethritis
- conjunctivitis
- arthritis
Which STI could result in reiter’s syndrome?
Chlamydia
Which STI could result in Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome?
Chalmydia
When do you test for chlamydia?
2 weeks after exposure
Chlamydia treatment
Either Azithromycin 1g once, or doxycycline for a week
Gram negative intracellular diplococcus
Gonorrhoea
Primary sites of infection are the mucous membranes of the urethra, endocervix, rectum, and pharynx
Gonorrhoea
Incubation period for gonorrhoea
2-5 days
Asymptomatic - ≤10%
Urethral discharge – >80%
Dysuria
Pharyngeal/rectal infections – mostly asymptomatic
Gonorrhoea presentation (males)
