First Aid Drug reactions

Question 1

Coronary vasospasm

Answer 1

Sumatriptan, cocaine

Question 2

Cutaneous flushing

Answer 2

Vancomycin, adenosine, niacin, calcium channel blockers

Question 3

Dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 3

Doxorubicin, daunorubicin

Question 4

Torsades de pointes

Answer 4

Class IA (quinidine) and Class III (sotalol) antiarrhythmics

Question 5

Agranulocytosis

Answer 5

Carbamazepine, clozapine, colchicine, propylthiouracil, methimazole, dapsone, ticlopidine (neutropenia)

Question 6

Aplastic anemia

Answer 6

Chloramphenicol, benzene, NSAIDs, propylthiouracil, methimazole

Question 7

Direct Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia

Answer 7

Methyldopa

Question 8

Gray baby syndrome

Answer 8

Chloramphenicol

Question 9

Hemolysis in G6PD patients

Answer 9

Sulfonamides, nitrofurantoin, isoniazid, primaquine, aspirin, ibuprofen

Question 10

Megaloblastic anemia

Answer 10

Phenytoin, methotrexate, sulfa drugs

Question 11

Thrombotic complications

Answer 11

OCPs

Question 12

Cough

Answer 12

ACE inhibitors

Question 13

Pulmonary fibrosis

Answer 13

Bleomycin, amiodarone, busulfan

Question 14

Acute cholestatic hepatitis

Answer 14

Macrolides

Question 15

Focal to massive hepatic necrosis

Answer 15

Acetominophen, halothane, vaproic acid, amanita phalloides (death cap mushroom)

Question 16

Hepatitis

Answer 16

Isoniazid, statins

Question 17

Pseudomembranous colitis

Answer 17

Ampicillin, clindamycin

Question 18

Adrenocorticol insufficiency

Answer 18

Glucocorticoid withdrawal

Question 19

Gynecomastia

Answer 19

Ketoconazole, spironolactone, eplerenone, digitalis, cimetidine, chronic alcohol use, estrogens

Question 20

Hot flashes

Answer 20

Tamoxifen, clomiphene

Question 21

Hypothyroidism

Answer 21

Amiodarone, sulfonamides, lithium

Question 22

Hyperglycemia

Answer 22

Thiazides, niacin, tacrolimus, protease inhibitors

Question 23

Fat redistribution

Answer 23

Glucocorticoids, protease inhibitors

Question 24

Gingival hyperplasia

Answer 24

Verapamil, phenytoin

Question 25

Gout

Answer 25

Furosemide, thiazides, niacin, cyclosporine, pyrazinamide, low dose salicylates

Question 26

Myopathies

Answer 26

Fibrates, niacin, colchicine, hydroxychlorquine, interferon alpha, penicillamine, statins, glucocorticoids

Question 27

Osteoporosis

Answer 27

Corticosteroids, heparin

Question 28

Photosensitivity

Answer 28

Sulfonamides, amiodarone, tetracycline

Question 29

Rash (Stevens-Johnson Syndrome)

Answer 29

Penicillin, sulfa drugs, allopurinol, ethosuximide, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, phenytoin, phenobarbital

Question 30

SLE-like syndrome

Answer 30

Hydralazine, isoniazid, procainamide, phenytoin

Question 31

Tendonitis, tendon rupture, and cartilage damage (kids)

Answer 31

Fluoroquinolones

Question 32

Diabetes insipidus

Answer 32

Lithium, demeclocycline

Question 33

Fanconi's syndrome

Answer 33

Expired tetracycline

Question 34

Interstitial nephritis

Answer 34

NSAIDs, methicillin, furosemide

Question 35

Hemorrhagic cystitis

Answer 35

Cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide (prevent by administering with mesna)

Question 36

SIADH

Answer 36

Carbamazepine, cyclophosphamide

Question 37

Cinchonism

Answer 37

Quinidine, quinine

Question 38

Parkinson-like syndrome

Answer 38

Haloperidol, -azines (antipsychotics), reserpine, metoclopromide

Question 39

Seizures

Answer 39

Bupropion, imipenem/cilastatin, isoniazid

Question 40

Tardive dyskinesia

Answer 40

Antipsychotics

Question 41

Antimuscarinic

Answer 41

Atropine, TCAs, H1 blockers, neuroleptics (antipsychotics and atypical antipsychotics), digoxin

Question 42

Disulfiram-like reaction

Answer 42

Metronidazole, cephalosporins, procarbazine, 1st-generation sulfonylureas

Question 43

Nephrotoxicity/ototoxicity

Answer 43

Aminoglycosides, vancomycin, loop diuretics, cisplatin

Question 44

p450 inducers

Answer 44

St. Johns wort, quinidine*, carbamazepine, griseofulvin, chronic EtOH abuse, rifampin, barbiturates, phenytoin

Question 45

p450 inhibitors

Answer 45

Macrolides, amiodarone, grapefruit juice, isoniazid, cimetidine, ritonavir, acute EtOH abuse, ciprofloxacin, ketoconzaole, sulfonamides

Question 46

Sulfa drug allergies (fever, urinary tract infection, pruritic rash, Stevens-Johnsons syndrome, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, and urticaria)

Answer 46

Probenecid, furosemide, acetazolamide, celecoxib, thiazides, sulfonamide antibiotics, sulfonylureas, sulfasalazine