First Aid for Common Conditions

Question 1

It is safe to suck a snakebite

Answer 1

FALSE

Question 2

Apply salt on a jellyfish sting

Answer 2

False, apply vinegar instead

Question 3

Immobilize a fracture or dislocation.

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

The use of tourniquet
is survival first aid.

Answer 4

True — but with caution.
The use of a tourniquet is considered a LAST RESORT SURVIVAL FIRST AID MEASURE to control life-threatening bleeding, especially in limbs when direct pressure fails.

Question 5

The cooling effect of toothpaste is good for minor burns.

Answer 5

FALSE, toothpaste might actually worsen minor burns as it can irritate the skin further

Question 6

Your sister breaks a leg in a fall. While waiting
for the ambulance, what would you do?

Answer 6

Keep the injured leg from moving and keep her warm.

Question 7

You suffer a minor but painful burn. Which first aid
treatment would you use?

Answer 7

Soak burned area in cool water.

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct first
aid for nosebleed?

Answer 8

Pinch nostrils and slightly tilt the head
forward.

Question 9

What would you do if someone swallowed a
poisonous substance such as kerosene?

Answer 9

Take the person to the hospital
immediately.

Question 10

A guest suffers an apparent heart attack.
What would you do before the ambulance arrives?

Answer 10

Support the person on the spot in a sitting
position and loosen constrictive clothing.

Question 11

muscular pump responsible for pushing
blood around the body

Answer 11

Heart

Question 12

transport oxygen and nutrients around the
body and remove waste products such as
carbon dioxide

Answer 12

Blood vessels

Question 13

carry blood under high pressure away
from the heart

Answer 13

Arteries

Question 14

carry blood under low pressure
back to the heart

Answer 14

Veins

Question 15

carry blood to the individual
cells and tissues, very small and
very low pressure

Answer 15

Capillaries:

Question 16

blood spurts; bright red;
most serious

Answer 16

Arterial Bleeding

Question 17

even flow of blood; dark red

Answer 17

Venous Bleeding

Question 18

most common; easiest to control

Answer 18

Capillary Bleeding

Question 19

Types of External Bleeding (AVC)

Answer 19

1. Arterial bleeding
2. Venous Bleeding
3. Capillary bleeding

Question 20

Bleeding Control

Answer 20

1. Wear GLOVES.
2. Apply DIRECT FIRM PRESSURE to the
   WOUND using a STERILE dressing.
3. ELEVATE the wound ABOVE the
   HEART.
4. If bleeding does not stop, use
   PRESSURE POINT BLEEDING CONTROL
   (push the closest artery against
   a bone).

Question 21

• dry climate
• nasal irritation
• direct injury to the nose
• uncontrolled high blood
  pressure

Answer 21

Nosebleed (epistaxis)

Question 22

1.Remain calm.
2. Slightly lean forward.
3. Do not tilt head back or lie flat. This
may cause you to choke on blood.
4. Apply firm pressure to the sides of the
nose for 10 minutes.
5. If the bleeding has not stopped after
15 minutes, apply an ice pack or cold
compress across the bridge of the nose.

Answer 22

how to treat nosebleeds

Question 23

life-threatening medical
condition as a result of
IMPAIRMENT in BLOOD CIRCULATION

Answer 23

Medical Shock

Question 24

• low blood pressure
• rapid, shallow breathing
• cold, clammy skin
• rapid, weak pulse
• dizziness

Answer 24

Signs & Symptoms

Question 25

Types of medical shock

Answer 25

1. Septic shock 2. Anaphylactic shock 3. Cardiogenic shock 4. Hypovolemic shock 5. Neurogenic shock

Question 26

caused by bacteria

Answer 26

septic shock

Question 27

–due to an allergic reaction

Answer 27

Anaphylactic shock

Question 28

from heart damage

Answer 28

Cardiogenic shock

Question 29

– from blood loss

Answer 29

Hypovolemic shock

Question 30

from spinal cord trauma

Answer 30

Neurogenic shock –

Question 31

how to treat medical shock (PPP)

Answer 31

P-proper body position P-proper body heat P-proper transfer *feet elevated; don't raise the head

Question 32

BREAK in the CONTINUITY of a TISSUE of the body either internal (closed) or external (open)

Answer 32

soft tissue injury (wound)

Question 33

types of wound

Answer 33

open wound closed wound

Question 34

Types of Open Wound (A2LIP)

Answer 34

ABRASION INCISION LACERATION PUNCTURE AVULSION

Question 35

results from scraping the skin

Answer 35

abrasion

Question 36

a clean cut usually caused by a knife, metal edges or other sharp objects

Answer 36

INCISION

Question 37

jagged, irregular or blunt breaks in the skin

Answer 37

LACERATION

Question 38

wound that penetrates and is usually caused by pointed objects such as nails and pins

Answer 38

PUNCTURE

Question 39

forcible separation or tearing of tissue from the victim’s body; can be caused by animal bite or bombs/explosives

Answer 39

AVULSION

Question 40

For your protection, use a _____ between your hand and the open wound.

Answer 40

barrier

Question 41

Do not __ or __ directly over the wound

Answer 41

cough or breathe

Question 42

Open Wound (Minor)

Answer 42

1. Assess the situation. 2. Wash hands thoroughly and wear gloves. 3. Control bleeding. 4. Wash the wound gently with clean water and mild soap. 5. Pat the wound dry. 6. Apply mild antiseptic. 7. Cover the wound using a clean dressing (non-adherent pad)

Question 43

Open Wound (Major - 4Cs)

Answer 43

Control bleeding Cover Care for shock Consult a doctor

Question 44

injury that does NOT BREAK THE SKIN because it occurs BENEATH the skin’s SURFACE, often caused by BLUNT FORCE TRAUMA

Answer 44

Closed Wound

Question 45

Closed wound examples (3CH)

Answer 45

contusion hematoma crush injury concussion

Question 46

known as a BRUISE, occurs when BLOOD VESSELS beneath the skin RUPTURE, causing DISCOLORATION and SWELLING

Answer 46

contusion

Question 47

localized COLLECTION OF BLOOD OUTSIDE the blood vessels, often resulting from trauma and presenting as a lump or swelling

Answer 47

hematoma

Question 48

happens when a body part is subjected to extreme pressure or force, causing damage to tissues and blood vessels beneath the skin

Answer 48

crush injury

Question 49

CLOSED HEAD INJURY caused by a BLOW to the head, leading to TEMPORARY impairment of brain function, often accompanied by symptoms like confusion and loss of consciousness

Answer 49

Concussion

Question 50

Closed Wound Treatment (ICES)

Answer 50

1. Ice - Apply ice or a cold pack wrapped in cloth to the injured area for NO MORE THAN 20 MINS. This helps reduce swelling and provides pain relief. 2. Compression Use a bandage to GENTLY COMPRESS the area, reducing swelling. 3. Elevation ELEVATE the injured limb if possible, keeping it raised above the level of the heart to minimize swelling. 4. Splinting This will IMMOBILIZE the injured area and reduce pain.