First half Flashcards
(106 cards)
1
Q
Gattamelata (Erasmo da Narni)
A
Artist: Donatello
Date: 1443-53
Location: Piazza del Santo, Pagua
Description: Depicts a condottiere. The Statue looks down at the viewers from above
2
Q
Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius
A
Date: c.176 CE
Location: Capitoline Hill, Rome
Description: Statue survived due to being mistaken for a statue Constanople
3
Q
monument
A
a statue, building, or other structure erected to commemorate a notable person or event
4
Q
condottiere
A
Italian term meaning mercenary military leader; such as Gattamelata
5
Q
triumphal arch
A
a monumental structure in the shape of an archway with one or more arched passageways
6
Q
bronze
A
a work of art, as a statue, statuette, bust, or medal, composed of bronze
7
Q
Florence
A
Important city for art; 40 painter workshops; 40 goldsmith shops
8
Q
Bird’s-Eye View of Venice
A
Artist: Jacopo de’ Barbari
Date: 1500
Description: Shows the basic layout and important buildings but not meant to be used as a map
9
Q
Procession in Piazza San Marco
A
Artist: Gentile Bellini
Location: Accademia, Venice
Date: 1496
10
Q
Piaziatta comumns:
- Title: St. Theodore
- Title: Lion of St. Mark
A
Date: 12th / early 13th century
- head: Greek (c. third century BCE); torso and armor: Roman (c. second century BCE); everything else: Venetian (early fourteenthcentury); marble with some bronze (original composite sculpture now moved into Doge’s Palace Courtyard)
- lion’s body and tip of the tail: Anatolian (from central Turkey), 7th-6th century BCE wings and other parts in white: Venetian, 13th century
11
Q
medieval period
A
lasted from 5th to the 15th century. Merged into the Renaissance.
• Early Christian (3rd-5th centuries)
• Early Byzantine (late 5th century-early 13th century)
• Romanesque period (c. 1000-late 12th century)
• Gothic Period (late 12th century-early 15th century)
12
Q
commune (city state)
A
a community that shares similar beliefs and values
13
Q
Piazza San Marco
A
the principal public square of Venice, Italy, generally known as la Piazza
14
Q
icongraphy
A
the visual images and symbols used in a work of art or the study or interpretation
15
Q
piazzetta
A
a small square in a city or a small extension to a piazza
16
Q
Transport of St. Mark’s Body into the Church of San Marco
A
Date: early-mid 13th century
Location: St. Mark Church
Description: Mosiac; Image of church in art
17
Q
Four Horses
A
Date: 2nd century CE
Location: St. Mark Church
Description: brought to Venice after the Fourth Crusade; displayed over the central portal of San Marco; Spoil of War; Sign that the old world is being absorbed into the modern world
18
Q
Venecia/Justice
A
Date: c.1350
19
Q
Allegory of Good Government
A
Artist: Ambrogio Lorenzetti
Location: Palazza Pubblico, Siena
Date: 1338-39
Description: Abstract; Shows Virtures
20
Q
Virtues
A
Wisdom, Justice, Concord (Unity), Peace, Fortitude, Prudence (Wise Caution), Common Good, Faith, Charity, Justice, Moderate, etc.
21
Q
Effect of Good Government
A
in the City: Flourishes; city growing; good condition
in the Countryside: Safety, growing crops, freely travel
22
Q
relic
A
a part of a deceased holy person’s body or belongings kept as an object of reverence
23
Q
doge
A
Italian word for the elected head of state in Venice and Genoa
24
Q
spoil of war (spolia)
A
re-purposed building stone for new construction, or decorative sculpture reused in new monuments
25
patron saint
the protecting or guiding saint of a place or person
26
quatrefoil
the elegant French Gothic shape used, for example, for the first two sets of bronze doors created for the Florentine Baptistery
27
allegory
a picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one
28
virtues (definition)
Divided into the three Theological Virtues of Faith, Hope, and Charity and four Cardinal Virtues of Prudence, Justice, Fortitude and Temperance
29
cathedral
(main civic church) one per city, important events here, important people buried here
30
pilgrimage churches
people come to pay tribute to saint, to learn about their life
31
monastic churches
(Franciscan, Dominican, etc.) Monastery; a building or complex of buildings comprising the domestic quarters and workplaces of monastics, monks or nuns
32
parish churches
neighborhood church; where everyone else is buried
33
nave
big central corridor
34
transept
short arm of the crossing
35
rood sccreen
a barrier between the high altar and regular people; mostly in monastic churches; rood screen, Naumburg Cathedral Germany
36
chancel arch
The area of wall that frames the opening into the chancel, sometimes also called a triumphal arch
37
side aisle
one of the corridors parallel to the nave of a church, separated from it by an Arcade or Colonnade
38
Mass
the celebration of the Eucharist to perpetuate the sacrifice of Christ upon the cross, including readings from the Gospels
39
euchrarist
From the Greek word for thanksgiving. The sacrament of the Lord's Supper, celebrated in the Mass. (Bread and Wine)
40
polyptych
An altarpiece or devotional object consisting or more than three sections joined together
41
palatine chapel
an early medieval chapel and remaining component of Charlemagne's Palace of Aachen in what is now Germany
42
altar
the table used as the focus for a religious ritual; mass takes place here; remind and experience the sacrifice of Christ; bread give to people while priest only one to drink wine
43
Santa Croce
Artist: Arnolfo di Cambio
Location: Santa Croce, Florence
Date: 1294 - mid 14th century
Description: Very important Church; Many important artists buried here
44
What altars are dedicated to
- a saint; has to be a saint, not a normal person
- a group; like a mix of saints
- an event like the angel telling Mary that she is pregnant
- a concept like the holy spirit
45
Scrovegni-Chapel
Artisti: Giotto
Location: Padua
Date: 1304 - 5
Descriptions: Walls painted in Fresco (inexpensive); Walls are narrative; same source of "light"; Patron: Enrico Scrovegni
46
Ognissanti Modonna
Artist: Giotto
Location: Uffizi, Florence
Date: c.1310-15
Description: Perspective; Shading; (depth) More form
47
Santa Trinita Madonna
Artist: Cimabue
Location: Uffizi, Florence
Date: c.1280-85
Description: "Mosiac"; "Greek"; Gold thread in clothes
48
Baptistery
Location: Florence
Date: 1059-1150
Description: outside archs are decorative; 8 sided building; thought to be temple of Mars but isn't'; 3 set of Bronze doors
49
Baptistery competition panels:
| The Sacrifice of Isaac
Artist: Filippo Brunelleschi and Lorenzo Ghiberti
Location: Bargell, Florence
Date: 1402 - 3
Description: Bronze; Artists must compete for jobs like this; Making similar things but their style and image; winner chosen through technique and expense
50
Scene on the north doors of Bapistery:
| Annuncuation and Flagellation
Artist: Lorenzo Ghiberti
Location: Bapistery, Florence
Date: 1416-19
51
Feast of Herod
Artist: Donatello
Location: Baptistery, Sienna
Date: 1423-27
Description: Multiple stages of the story; perspective; Background: Beginning - Foreground: End
52
Calimala
Outstanding guild of medieval Florence. Its members were merchants who engaged in foreign trade and imported wool cloth from Flanders and northern France for finishing
53
prefiguration
parallel between old and new testament; the viewed and the unveiled; foreshadowing
54
Spinario
(thorn-puller) is a Greco-Roman Hellenistic bronze sculpture of a boy withdrawing a thorn from the sole of his foot
55
single-point perspective
art that contains only one vanishing point on the horizon line
56
Filippo Brunelleschi's perspective demonstration
In this famous experiment, Brunelleschi used mirrors to sketch the Florence baptistry in perfect perspective. He was able to mathematically calculate the scale of objects within a painting in order to make them appear realistic.
57
ultramarine blue
a deep blue color and a pigment which was originally made by grinding lapis lazuli into a powder.
58
tempera paint
is a permanent, fast-drying painting medium consisting of colored pigments mixed with a water-soluble binder medium (usually a glutinous material such as egg yolk or some other size)
59
buon fresco
is a fresco painting technique in which alkaline-resistant pigments, ground in water, are applied to wet plaster
60
fresco a secco
is a wall painting technique where pigments mixed with an organic binder and/or lime are applied onto a dry plaster
61
donor portrait
is a portrait in a larger painting or other work showing the person who commissioned and paid for the image, or a member of his, or (much more rarely) her, family
62
Adoration of the Magi
Artist: Gentile da Fabriano
Date: 1423
Description: Birth of Christ; Good detail; Busy; story gets lost a bit
63
Trinity
Artist: Masaccio
Location: Santa Maria Novella, Florence
Date: 1426-27
Description: Painted on the wall; Perspective 20 ft away; looks classical/Roman
Father, Son, the Holy Spirit
Skeleton = Human Death; "I was once what you are, and what I am you too shall become"
64
```
east doors (Old Testament scenes):
Adam and Eve; Jacob and Esau
```
Location: (east doors), Baptistery, Florence
Date: 1452
Description: some details are hidden; opening/closing doors show different details
JE: It shows the passage of time; weird point of perspective
10 scenes; self-portrait; portrait of son
65
Duomo (cathedral) of Santa Maria del Fiore
Artist: Begun by Arnolfo di Cambio; Filippo Brunelleschi (Dome of Florence Cathedral)
Location: Florence
Date: begun 1296; (Dome) 1420-36
66
groin vaults
A vault created by the intersection at right angles of two barrel vaults of equal height and diameter, forming a diagonal cross
67
drum
One of sever sections composing the shaft of a column. Also, a cylindrical wall supporting a dome
68
tribune
a Roman legionary officer; a popular leader; a champion of the people
69
lantern
The official architectural term for a windowed turret at the top of a dome
70
St. Mark
Artist: Donatello
Date: 1411-13
Description: Drapery importance to the sculpture; clothes detailed and textured; Looks ready to move
Niche of the Linen Drapers' Guild
71
Quattro Santi Coronati
| and Sculpture's Workshop
Artist: Nanni di Banco
Date: 1405-17
Description: Represents more Spiritually
About ancient Christians that refuse to bow to other religion
beneath the main piece is a little scene of what happens in a sculpture workshop
Niche of Guild of Stone/Wood Sculptures/ Guild
72
John the Baptist
Artist: Lorenzo Ghiberti
Date: 1409-17
Description: cloth important; cloth covering body
Niche of Wool Importers' Guild
73
St. George
Artist: Donatello
Date: 1416-20
Description: advertise the guild
Niche of the Armorers'/Sword makers' Guild
74
St. Matthew
Artist: Lorenzo Ghiberti
Date: 1419-23
Bankers/Moneychangers'
75
Christ and St. Thomas
Artist: Verrocchio
Date: 1466-83
Description: About an apostle that doesn't believe Jesus returned without physical proof
Merchants' Tribund
76
contrapposto
Italian word meaning "set against," describing the position assumed by the human body when the weight is borne on one leg while the other is relaxed; it can suggest that a figure has the potential for movement
77
marble sculpture technique
1. get a large block of marble
| 2. chip away marble until sculpture takes shape
78
guilds
Arti in Italian. Independent associations of bankers and artisan-manufactures. There were seven major guilds in Florence.
79
lost - wax process
1. make sculpture out of wax
2. make a mold out of clay
3. melt wax
4. fill mold with metal
5. break mold
80
fire-gilt bronze
bronze fired with gold and mercury to create a golden sheen
81
Primavera
Artist: Sandro Botticelli
Location: Uffizi, Florence
Date: 1482
82
Birth of Venus
Artist: Sandro Botticelli
Location: Uffizi, Florence
Date: 1484-86
83
Madonna della Vittoria
Artist: Andrea Mantegna
Date: 1495-96
84
Palazzo Davanznti:
| Chamber of The Lady of Vergy
Location: Florence
Date: 1350-95 (Palazzo); 1359 (Chamber)
85
Palazzo Medici (today Palazzo Medici-Riccardi)
Artist: Michellozo
Location: Florence
Date: 1445-57
86
Procession of the Magi
Location: Medici Chapel, Palazzo Medici-Riccardi, Florence
Date: 1459-61
87
Double Potrait of Battista Sforza and Fedrico da Montefeltro, Duke and Duchess of Urbino
(On the reverse) Triumpth o fFedrico da Montefeltro and Triumph of Battista Sforza
Artist: Peiro Della Francesco
Location: Uffizi, Florence
Date: 1474
88
Portrait of a Young Man
Artist: Domenico Veneziano
Location: Musee des Beuax-Arts, Chanbery
Date: late 1430s
89
Equestrian Monument to Bartolomeo Colleoni
Artist: Verrocchio
Location: Campo SS. Giovanni e Paolo, Venice
Date: 1481-95
90
Piero de Medici
Artist: Mino da Fiesole
Location: Bargello, Florence
Date: 1453
91
Potrait of a Man with a Medal of Costimo de Medici
Artist: Sandro Botticelli
Location: Uffizi Florence
Date: 1475
92
Potrait of a Man and Woman at a Casement
Artist: Fra Filippo Lippi
Date: 1445
93
Madonna and Child with Two Angels before a Landscape
Artist: Filippo Lippi
Date: 1460-65
94
Portraint of Giovanna Tornbuoni nee Albizzi
Artist: Domenico Ghirlandaio
Location: Madrid, Thyssen-Bornemiza
Date: 1488
95
San Zeno Altarpiece
Artist: Andrea Mantegna
Location: San Zeno, Verona
Date: 1460
96
Camera Picta
Artist: Andrea Mantegna
Location: Castello di San Giorgio, Palazzo Ducale, Mantua
Date: patinted 1465-74
Description:
North wall: family and courtiers
West wall: grooms, inscription, family
Ceiling: Oculus and Busts of the First Twelve Caesars
97
Madonna della Vittoria
Artist: Andrea Mantegna
Date: 1495-96
98
piano nobile
Italian phrase meaning "noble floor" or "floor for the nobles." It refers t the second story of a building intended for the owner and family
99
rustication
Protruding masonry, frequently with a roughened surface
100
potego
It is the central room of a big residence which often overlooks the apartments.
It was an unheated room where visitors of passage or customers were received, a kind of living room of passage.
101
marquisate
the rank or dignity of a marquess or marquis.
102
court artist
an artist who painted for the members of a royal or noble family, sometimes on a fixed salary and on an exclusive basis where the artist was not supposed to undertake other work
103
sacra conversazione
Italian term for "holy conversation," a Madonna and Child accompanied by four or more saints either conversing or silently communing in a unified, continuous space
104
courtier
a person who attends a royal court as a companion or adviser to the king or queen.
105
Neo-Platonism
A school of Greek philosophy established in Alexandria in the third century CE that was revived by Italian humanists in the fifteenth century. These scholars translated the works of Plato and Plotinus and tried to evolve a system that would reconcile Christian beliefs with Neo-Platonic mystical thought
106
spalliera
Italian term for one of the large horizontal paintings placed in a Florentine Renaissance home high on the wall above the paneled wainscoting
