First Law of Thermodynamics

Question 1

Define internal energy

Answer 1

The internal energy of a system is the sum of random distribution of kinetic energy and potential energy of all the atoms or molecules.
( U = E + P)

Question 2

Define specific heat capacity

Answer 2

Specific heat capacity is the thermal energy per unit mass to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Kelvin.
(Q = mcΔθ)

Question 2

Define specific latent heat of fusion

Answer 2

Specific latent heat of fusion is the amount of thermal energy needed per unit mass to change a substance from solid phase to liquid phase at constant temperature.
( Q = mL )

Question 2

Characteristic of isothermal

Answer 2

Temperature is kept constant throughout

Question 3

First Law of thermodynamics

Answer 3

The increase in internal energy is equal to the sum of heat supplied to the system and the work done on the system.
( ΔU = Q + W )
( work done by system = - wd on system )
(heat supplied = heat absorbed)
(heat released = heat lost = - heat supplied)

Question 4

Characteristic of isovolumetric/isochoric

Answer 4

Volume is kept constant throughout

Question 5

Characteristic of isobaric

Answer 5

Pressure is kept constant throughout

Question 6

Characteristic of adiabatic

Answer 6

No heat gain or loss thoughout

Question 7

Characteristic of cyclic

Answer 7

No net change in internal energy