First Ogranisms Inhabiting The Earth Flashcards
(70 cards)
characterized by living in extreme conditions. (ex: Black smokers)
Commonly found near volcanically active places, areas where tectonic plates are moving apart at mid- ocean rages, and hotspots.
Kingdom Archeobacteria
the oldest known living things on Earth.
Kingdom Eubacteria
Capsule(pinakalabas)
Cell wall(thick wall)
Plasma membrane(inner layer)
Nucleoid(bituka)
Ribosome(small circle)
Plasmid(jelly-substance)
Pilus(like hair)
Flagellum(like tail)
Structure of Eubacteria
The oldest fossils yet found are 3.5 billion year old.
cyanobacteria
Slime mold
Amoeba
Euglena
Dinoflagellate
Paramecium
Diatom
Macroalga
KINGDOM PROTISTA
1. Unicellular or Multicellular
2. Heterotrophs or Autotrophs
(Consumer) (Producer)
single-celled organisms that are found in soil, on decaying leaves, and on tree canopies.
SLIME MOLDS
often called an amoeboid, is a type of cell or unicellular organism with the ability to alter its shape, primarily by extending and retracting pseudopods.
Amoebae do not form a single taxonomic group; instead, they are found in every major lineage of eukaryotic organisms. Amoeboid cells occur not only among the protozoa, but also in fungi, algae, and animals.
Amoeba
genus of unicellular, freshwater organisms that are very common in ponds and small bodies of water,
especially if they are rich in nutrients and consequently high in algae.
Euglena
are a monophyletic group of single-
celled eukaryotes constituting the phylum Dinoflagellata and are usually considered protists.
Dinoflagellates
are single-celled protists that are naturally found in aquatic habitats. They are typically oblong or slipper- shaped and are covered with short hairy structures called cilia. Certain paramecia are also easily cultured in labs and serve as useful model organisms (a non- human species used to understand biological processes).
Paramecium or paramecia
-are single-celled algae.
-are algae that live in houses made of glass. They are the only organism on the planet with cell walls composed of transparent, opaline silica. Diatom cell walls are ornamented by intricate and striking patterns of silica.
Diatom
-turn energy from the sun into sugar.
-have light-absorbing molecules (chlorophylls a and c) that collect energy from the sun and turn it into chemical energy through _______ .
Diatoms, photosynthesis
Produce 20-30% of the air we breathe. Through carbon fixation, diatoms remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. The CO2 is converted to organic carbon in the form of sugar, and oxygen (O2) is released. We breathe the oxygen that diatoms release.
Diatoms
Feed the oceans, lakes and rivers.
Produce long-chain fatty acids. Diatoms are an important source of these energy rich molecules that are food for
the entire food web, from zooplankton to aquatic insects to fish to whales.
Diatoms
-tell us about the health of aquatic systems.
-are particular about the quality of water in which they live. For example, species have distinct ranges of pH and salinity where they will grow. Diatoms also have ranges and tolerances for other environmental variables, including nutrient concentration, suspended sediment, flow regime, elevation, and for different types
of human disturbance. As a result, diatoms are vital for assessment and monitoring biotic condition of waters.
Diatoms
is a multicellular photosynthetic organism that thrives in marine environments, characterized by its
classification into green, red, or brown types based on pigments. These organisms are rich in proteins, lipids,
and polysaccharides, and can be cultivated using various systems such as marine aquaculture, land-based tanks, and closed photobioreactors.
Macroalga
Kingdom Fungi
1. Most are Multicellular
2. Heterotrophs (by external digestion)
Nitrogen fixation is a process that implies the transformation of the relatively non-reactive atmospheric N2 into its more reactive compounds
(nitrates, nitrites, or ammonia).
Why is nitrogen fixation important?
It is generally reported that fungi like Pleurotus spp. can fix nitrogen (N2).
Kingdom Plantae
1. Multicellular
2. Autotrophs
Kingdom Animalia
1. Multicellular
2. Heterotrophs
Major Divisions of Zoology
• Botany
• Microbiology
Characteristics of Life
• DNA
• Organized
• Grow and Develop
• Reproduce
• Adapt and Respond to Environment
• Cell
• Energy
based on a universal genetic code. All organisms pass along hereditary traits. Genes carry hereditary information and composed of DNA.
DNA
living organisms are arranged in a hierarchy of a structural level.
Organized
all living things grow and develop during at least part of their life.
Grow and Develop
