First Test

Question 1

Land bridge Theory

Answer 1

30,000 years ago ice age connected the americas
humans followed their food across the glaciers
came from russia and walked to alaska

Question 2

agricultural revolution

Answer 2

10,000 years ago people discovered how to farm-didst need the chase their food anymore
civilizations, businesses, and materialism started

Question 3

leif erickson

Answer 3

500 years before columbus

not given credit because non one followed him like they did colombus

Question 4

1444 trans atlantic slave trade

Answer 4

slaves were kidnapped from africa and brought the americas

portugal started kidnapping slaves before Colombus

Question 5

The Americas 1491

Answer 5

many dif NA tribes

didn’t need to be saved or converted

Question 6

Hernando Cortes

Answer 6

Spain, 2nd colombus
conquered aztecs quickly in 1519:
1. aztecs thought he was a god (horses, armor, guns)
2. other natives hated the aztecs and helped hernanda

Question 7

Francisco Pizarro

Answer 7

1530 took over the Incas

300 years spain dominated

Question 8

Gold, Glory, and God

Answer 8

half the explorers died within the first year
went to the new world to become wealthy
How did so few Europeans conquer so many NA’s so quickly?: Guns, germs, and steel

Question 9

Encomienda system

Answer 9

Latin America 200 years
when the spaniards came over and claimed the land they automatically claimed the people too
no respect for the people or their culture

Question 10

Bartolome de las casas

Answer 10

1500s priest converted savages
appalled by the treatment so he wrote to the K+Q
they told the conquistadors to lighten up which they didn’t like so the african slave trade was started

Question 11

The Pueblo Revolt

Answer 11

defeated the conquistadors which was so rare for a tribe to defeat the spaniards
60 years later the s came back and wiped them out
rarely did NA’s win bc of guns, germs, and steel

Question 12

French and Dutch

Answer 12

European countries got jealous of the spanish and came over
wanted direct trade route to Asia
Caravel ships, astrolabes, and accurate maps
God, Gold, Glory

Question 13

Portugese 1444

Answer 13

started the african slave trade when they went down to african and brought them back to portugal

Question 14

Plantations

Answer 14

huge factor of slavery in US which had lots of land but no people
Spanish, Portugese, French, Dutch, and English wanted money but not the people in their country
Africans sold africans trade of goods to European slave traders
racism was born, white people justified this bc black were inferior
millions kidnapped most went to Latin america

Question 15

Middle passage

Answer 15

6-8weeks 
packed people like sardines
1 out of 5 died
before antibiotics you either recovered or died
everyone was forced to watch punishments

Question 16

Triangular trade

Answer 16

1. Sugar, tobacco, and cotton to Europe
2. Textiles, rum, and manufactured goods to africa
3. trade for slaves to america
   risks- slave revolts, disease, shipwrecks
   quarter million per year
   racism born out of slavery justified that black people were inferior

Question 17

Indentured servants of VA

Answer 17

first 20 people on US soil were indentured servants-people working to pay off their boat ride to America
1. miserable (no status or rights)
2. most died due to disease
3. servants ran away
shaky, unreliable system

Question 18

Terror

Answer 18

glue that held slavery together
terrified the punishments
brainwashed to never escape or revolt

Question 19

Dehumanization

Answer 19

Make you’ll less than human
people learned this in big and little ways
kept ignorant not taught to read or write
crushed spirits
changed names
broke families
branded people like cattle

Question 20

The stono revolt

Answer 20

1737 south carolina
dozens of slaves killed any white person they could
it was suicidal
didn't end slavery
1st big slave revolt

Question 21

Three ways to rebel

Answer 21

1. Revolt
   - least common
   - suicidal
   - never worked
2. Run Away
   - thousands tried
   - sink or swim
   - dont wanna get caught
3. Sabotage
   - not cooperate in a stealthy way
   - why would you wanna work harder?
   - delayed or stopped work

Question 22

What about 1776?

Answer 22

declaration and the constitution
after the war some people realized they were hypocrites
how can we have documents promoting freedom if we have slavery?
8/12 presidents owned slaves
abolition movement began to grow in the north in the 1800s
only southern states kept slavery

Question 23

Nat Turner 1831

Answer 23

ex-slave decided he would end slavery in VA
murdered plantation owners and the slaves from them became an army
biggest revolt ever-killed 48 masters and their families
5,000 people from other slave states killed him
death by slave was a masters worst fear

Question 24

John Brown

Answer 24

sparked civil war
made harpers ferry famous
white nat turner who failed
1859 never got out of HF
people were willing to die about slavery

Question 25

1865

Answer 25

civil war was over north won slavery abolished under abraham lincoln

Question 26

Jim Crow (1865-1965)

Answer 26

nickname given to racism + segregation is freedom really free? "second slavery" psychological slavery- blacks were 5th class citizens martin luther king jr abolished this second slavery

Question 27

Why Europe?

Answer 27

Europe conquered the world but no one was able to conquer Europe Europe’s geography packed together a lot of different people and they were always fighting with each other Competition Forced to improve their army over the course of two thousands years

Question 28

The American pie 1600s

Answer 28

America was seen as the money maker | Other countries wanted a piece of the American pie

Question 29

Roanoke, NC 1585

Answer 29

British’s first colony “Lost colony” Croatoan tribe left their name etched into wood in the colony America’s first English baby was born in 1587

Question 30

Jamestown, VA 1607

Answer 30

Twenty years later the British come back and gain Virginia Bottom of Chesapeake bay Half the people died within the first year (disease, starvation, fighting) Constant fighting between white colonists and Native Americans The people thought they would find gold quickly and then sail back home so they didn’t plant seeds for food but by the winter they did not find gold and started to starve John Smith brought strict discipline to Jamestown and saved the people from a second starvation John Rolfe came up with the idea that Tobacco would be a money maker Exported tobacco to England First successful colony First democracy in US -House of Burgesses -Fancy word for representative -It was limited but it was a start First twenty African Americans stepped off the boat in 1619

Question 31

Pilgrims 1620

Answer 31

Pilgrims wanted to totally separate from the Church Came to the America’s for God first before the Puritans 102 people took two months to come on the Mayflower Found Plymouth rock Cold, too much disease, and not enough food (for all the colonies everywhere) Half died after the first year Natives saved the pilgrims by showing them what to grow and where to grow it Thanksgiving was with the Natives because they all survived the second year

Question 32

Puritans 1630

Answer 32

Left England due to harsh treatment Wanted to purify and change the Church of England (thought it was corrupt and wanted to cleanse it) Puritans came with 800 people Publicly shamed people for breaking any Puritan law or banished them Known as hypocrites- fled England because they couldn’t practice the way they wanted to but when someone broke a rule they were punished Theocracy

Question 33

King Philips War 1675-76

Answer 33

White colonists vs. Native Americans- enemies forever Most vicious Native American war Hundreds died on each side After this war many people saw the Natives as wild savages that just had to be killed Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island

Question 34

Quakers

Answer 34

Came to PA in the mid 1600s Different Christians they were getting a lot of heat in England Anti-Slavery Oppose war Very liberal and support gay marriage today Settled on the side of a river William Penn is the statue on top of city hall building

Question 35

Salem Witch Trials

Answer 35

1600s Thousands of women were stoned, burned or drowned prior to this because witch trials had been happening for hundreds of years Two dozen women died after being accused in Salem, MA Girls picked on the governor’s wife which stopped the trials in Salem

Question 36

The enlightenment 1700s

Answer 36

Educated people Told everyone around the world that they had to have proof, logic, and reason in a court of law Shocking, different, revolutionary Human rights