Fischer Reproduction Test 3: Part 1 Flashcards
Q1:
Germ/Stem cells differentiate into what?
Spermatozoa
Q1:
Genital/Gonadal ridges differentiate into what?
Gonads
Q1:
Epithelium/Underlying mesenchyme of genital ridge differentiate into what?
Tunica albuginea, Sertoli cells, and Leydig cells
Q1:
What is the major risk factor of intraductal papillomas related to breast cancer?
- This is the major component that determines if it can be malignant.
- If there are multiple intraductal papillomas present =carcinomas. Solitary ones are benign.
Q1:
Distal Mesonephric Duct differentiate into what?
Vas deferens, seminal vesicles, and ejaculatory duct
Q1: (Three questions of Fibrocystic disease of the breast)
What is the feature that determines of malignancy/carcinoma?
Atypical epithelial hyperplasia
Q1:
In malignancy/carcinoma of the breast, what does the epithelial hyperplasia become?
becomes multilayered with atypical nuclear change
Q1: Generalities of disease
What are two dominant features of fibrocystic disease of the breast?
Fibrous and cystic disease change
Q1:
In fibrocystic disease of the breast, what is the name of the cyst?
Blue domed cyst
Q1:
Who is more likely to get fibrocystic disease of the breast?
Woman of reproductive age.
i. e. Not before puberty or after menopause.
- 10-15% of women show symptoms
Q1:
What are some symptoms present with fibrocystic disease of the breast?
Heaviness, pain, nodularity, and sensitivity of the breast during menses.
- Palpable lumps in breast substance.
Q2:
What’s the major sign in a woman who has intraductal papilloma?
- What is an intraductal papilloma
Serous or bloody nipple discharge
- It is a neoplastic papillary growth within a duct.
Q2:
What one major component determines whether an intraductal papilloma is malignant (will turn into breast cancer)?
There is only a risk of breast cancer (papillary carcinoma) if there are multiple intraductal papillomas (i.e. solitary ones are benign)
Q2:
What is fibroadenoma
Is it benign or malignant?
Capsulated or encapsulate?
Freely movable or nonmobile?
Benign tumors of the breast
Encapsulated spherical nodules
Freely movable (and easily removed)
Q2:
In fibroadenoma, it is most commonly seen around what age?
Reproductive age
not seen before puberty or after menopause
Q2:
In fibroadenoma, where would it be located/seen?
- What are the two components?
- benign or malignant?
UPPER OUTER quadrant of the breast
– seen in the same area of breast as what you’d see in breast cancer.
Components: fibrous stroma + glandular epithelium
-Benign tumors
Q4:
What is acute mastitis?
What is the cause?
In what situation will we see it?
inflammation of the breast (most common)
Caused by Purulent bacteria (staph or strep)….cracked skin.
- Diffuse swelling, nodules or abscess, infiltrated by PMNs
See it: Breast feeding/lactation
Q5:
What is the etiology behind fat necrosis of the breast?
What is fat necrosis?
Trauma
- Hemorrhage + central fat necrosis –> nodule of gray-white firm tissue
Q6:
Define gynecomastia
male breast enlargement associated with hormonal changes in puberty (excess E)
Q6:
What causes the enlargement in gynecomastia?
enlargement = proliferation of excretory duct/C.T. or high E from cirrhosis or tumors
Q6:
In gynecomastia, do male have both ducts and lobules?
No. Male have ducts and NO lobules
Females have both
Q6:
In gynecomastia, what can be found under the areolar area?
Fibrous cap of tissue.
Q6:
In Gynecomastia, is it less or more likely to be carcinoma than females?
-Does it infect more or less rapidly in male?
- LESS likely to be carcinoma than females
- Ductal in origin, but infects MORE rapidly.
Q7:
Risk factors of breast cancer (adenocarcinoma)
Who is at a higher risk of getting breast cancer? Male or Female?
What %
Female. 100 times more likely
