Reproduction: Test 1: Fisch Part 1 Flashcards
Q1:
What component forms the uterus, fallopian tube, cervix, and the distal one third of the vagina from the?
- Mullarian duct (paramesonephric duct)
- The paramesonephric ducts merge together
Male: appendix testis
Q2:
Homologues:
Other 2/3rd of the vagina, vulva, urethra?
Urogenital sinus
Q2:
Ovaries and testes?
Gonads
Q2:
The female clitoris is equivalent to what male structure?
Penis
genital tubercle
Q2:
The female labia majora is equivalent to what male structure?
Scrotum
urethral swellings
Q2:
The female labia minora is equivalent to what male structure?
Spongy urethra
Urethral fold
Q2:
The female skeens glands is equivalent to what male structure?
Prostate
(urogenital sinus)
- Batholin’s glands = Cowper’s glands
- Bladder = Bladder
- Urethra, L vagina = urethra
Q2:
The female rete ovarii is equivalent to what male structure?
Rete testis
Wolffian Duct: (male: SEVen up) –> Seminal vesicles, epididymus, vas defeens
Q3:
What is the gene on the Y chromosome that determines sex.
Is it located on the short or long arm of the Y chromosome.
- SRY gene
- Shorter arm.
Q2:
In the development of external genitalia of female – The genital tubercle becomes the?
Clitoris
– does not lengthen, in male –> phallus (penis)
Q2: The genital folds become?
The spongy urethra = male
Labia minora = female
(remain unfused)
Q2: The genital swellings become?
Scrotum = male
labia majora = female
Q4:
Know in general for the migration of the germ cell. Where do they start, creep up and end?
Start: Mesenchymal or stem cells (future sperm or eggs) that develop in the wall of the yolk sac.
-yolk sac and migrate along the hindgut
End: in the gonadal (genital) ridge (soon to be ovary)
- (germ cells have to be inserted into the sex cords)–Primordial germ cells migrate until they reach the gonadal ridges and penetrate into the primitive gonad by the sixth week
Q5:
Some of the primordial germ cells are surrounded by what kind of cells?
cells of the primitive sex cord
Q5:
Sex cord cells become what kind of cells (once we have the formation of the ovaries)?
-At what month?
follicular cells at month 4.
Q6:
What happens to the mesionephric duct in the female:
It degenerates, leaving the female with the paramesonephric duct which open cranially into the abdominal cavity with a funnel-like structure which will become the fallopian tube fimbria.
- Caudially, it first runs lateral to the mesonephric duct and comes in close contact with the opposite duct, separated by a septum, but later (2 mo) fused together to form the uterine canal, which will become the uterus, cervix and vagina.
Q7:
Name an outflow tract abnormality we’ve discussed in class:
Imperforate hyamin
Q7:
What occurs in 5% of the general population?
….. with imperforate Hymen being the most common ____________ ________ _________?
- Female genital malformation
- most common GENITAL OUTFLOW TRACT defect.
Q7:
What is the most common and most distal form of vaginal outflow obstruction?
— IT occurs in what percent of infant girls?
Imperforate Hyamin
- 0.1%
Q7:
Imperforate Hyamin: How does it form or not form with the camelization that occurs?
- Normally, the central portion of the hymenal membrane is usually absent, creating the typical configuration of a ring-like structure at the level of the vaginal vestibule (annular)
- Although a congenital anomaly that may be detected at birth or early in life, it may also remain undetected until puberty in some patients.
Q8:
What structure gives you the more distal or outer most two thirds of the vagina on the posterior aspect?
– urogenital sinus
(the lower part of the vagina is formed from the posterior wall of the urogenital sinus, while the anterior portion forms the urinary bladder and urethra.
Q9:
What’s the difference between the imperforate hyman in the new born vs adolescent. Clinically wise.
NEW BORN:
Neonate: MUCOCOLPOS appearing as a bulging hymenal membrane between the labia. The membrane may be white because of the trapped mucoid material and may lead to urinary tract infections or bladder obstruction due to urethral compression
(
– increased mucus secretions in vagina secondary to maternal estrogen effects may result in musosolpos )
Q9:
What’s the difference between the imperforate hyman in the new born vs adolescent. Clinically wise.
ADOLESCENT:
ADOLESCENT: HEMATOCOLPOS The presence of absence of secondary sexual characteristics should be noted.
- bluish hymenal membrane due to the menstrual blood (hematocolpos)
- Other symptoms include lower abdominal or pelvic pain that may be cyclic, back pain, urinary retention and constipation.
Q10:
What is DES. What does it stand for?
DIETHLSTILBESTEROL = “Morning after pill”
- A synthetic estrogen used in the 40s- 50s to prevent abortion in high-risk pregnancies.
- 70s: morning after pill.
( Arrests upgrowth of squamous epithelium from the urogenital sinus to replace glandular (mullerian) epithelium lining the vagina and exocervix.
