Flies Flashcards
1
Q
what does the term diptera refer to
A
insects with 2 wings
2
Q
give examples of brachycera both their common and family names
A
- house fly, head fly, stable fly, horn fly = muscidae
- horseflies and deer flies = tabanidae
- keds and forest flies = hippoboscidae
- tsetse flies = glossinidae
- bot and warble fly = oestridae
- flesh flies = sarcophagidae
- blow flies = calliphoridae
3
Q
give examples of nematocera both their common names and family names
A
- mosquito = culicidae
- black flies = simulidae
- biting midges = ceratopogonidae
- sand flies = psychodidae
4
Q
name direct and indirect effects of the veterinary importance of flies
A
direct:
- bites and allergies
- bot flies
- myiasis causing flies
indirect:
- transmission of infections
5
Q
A
6
Q
describe culicidae
A
- Mosquitoes
- 2-10 mm
- slender with long legs
- adult females have long proboscis
- crepuscular/nocturnal
- transmit plasmodium, dirofilaria and various viruses (west nile etc)
7
Q
A
8
Q
describe psychodidae
A
- 3-5 mm
- hairy, moth like with long legs
- hop rather than fly
- hides in cracks and emerge to feed at night
- transmit leishmania
9
Q
describe the mosquito lifecycle
A
- adult male and female mate
- female needs blood meal for egg production
- oviposition, eggs laid most time slightly above water level
- when covered with water eggs emerge from eggs
- have 4 larval stages
- pupate
- adult emerges from pupa
10
Q
where do blackflies like to lay their eggs
A
edges of fast flowing water
11
Q
explain the lifecycle of biting midges
A
- adult males and females emerge in late spring - early summer
- males and females feed on nectar until mating. mating kills male
- female feeds on blood and develops eggs
- eggs are laid in mass of 25-150 eggs on moist surfaces or in water. they hatch in 2-7 days
- eggs hatch and larvae emerge. 2 types of larvae: caterpillary like and worm like. they typically develope in moist or wet habitats
- 4 larval stages last from 2 weeks to a year
- pupal stage completed in 2-3 days
- adult emerges and continues cycle
12
Q
where do tabanidae flies like to lay their eggs
A
stems of plants
13
Q
why are hippoboscidae obligate ectoparasites
A
- both males and females feed on blood
- dont have wings or have wings but cant fly very far
14
Q
what are the 2 types of obligate bots (they have to infest tissues)
A
- bot flies (oestridae)
- flesh flies (sarcophagidae)
15
Q
describe the bot fly lifecycle
A
- adult flies mate then females lay eggs on hair of horses
- eggs contain first-stage larvae
- eggs hatch and larvae enter the horse’s mouth
- first stage larvae migrate through the tissues of the mouth
- second stage larvae develope
- third stage larvae attach to the mucosa of the stomach
- bot larvae release hold and pass out in feces
- pupae in soil
- adult emerges
