*Flight Topics Flashcards
1
Q
4 relative contraindications for flight
A
severe anemia
pregnancy beyond 24wga
uncontrolled arrythmia
weight/space confines
2
Q
sea level barometric pressure
A
760 torr or 1 atmosphere
3
Q
pressure at 10K ft
A
523 torr
4
Q
pressure at 18K ft
A
380 torr or 1/2 atmosphere
5
Q
4 altitude zones
A
physiologic zone
physiologically deficient zone 10-50K
space equivalent zone over 50K
6
Q
how can you tell if your plane is experiencing rapid decompression
A
cooler temperatures in the cabin & window fogging
7
Q
plane has window fogging
A
rapid decompression
8
Q
what happens to TUC if rapid decompression
A
rapid decompression (cold & window fogging) cuts TUC in half
9
Q
what type of trauma shoudl not fly b/c of Boyle’s law
A
open/decompressed skull fracture
10
Q
Charles’ law
A
volume & temp
11
Q
volume & temp
A
Charle’s law
12
Q
how do you use Charle’s law
A
explains how well an aircraft performs depends on weather
*ideal flying conditions are a dry cold day
13
Q
ideal flying day
A
dry and cold
b/c Charles’ law
14
Q
effect of Dalton’s law
A
soft tissue swelling at altitude
15
Q
Fick’s law
A
diffusion of gas is proportional to the difference in partial pressure & the area of the membrane
*inversely proprotional to the thickness of athe menmbrane
16
Q
law regarding gas diffusion
A
Fick’s law
*propportional to partial pressure, area of the the membrane and inversely to the thickness of the membrane
17
Q
law that explains gas diffusion across the alveoli
A
FIck’s law
18
Q
Henry’s law
A
solubility of gas in a liquid* quantity of gas dissolved in 1ml is proprotional to the partial pressure of gas above it
19
Q
law tht explains the bends
A
Henry’s law
solubility of gas in a liquid is the amount of gas that dissolves is proprotional to the partial pressure of the gas above it
20
Q
what happens in the bends
A
compressed nitrogen molecules allows it to dissociate from adipose tissue
21
Q
Gay Lussac’s law
A
temp & pressure
22
Q
oxygen cylinder and gas law
A
temperature drop means lower oxygen reading
23
Q
what gas law explains why you have to add air to your tires in windter
A
cold temp so lower pressure
24
Q
Ideal Gas Law
A
Boyle + Charles + G-L
25
Graham's Law
law of gasseous diffusion
gas exchange at the cellular level
*the rate of diffusion of a gas through a liquid medium is directly related to the solubiliyt of hte gas and is inversly proportional to the square root of its density
26
what law limits gas ability to move through a liquid
Graham's law
27
best weather for flying
air expands when hot
| best lift is in cold dry air
28
partial pressure as altitude increases
Dalton's = partial pressure decreases even though the % of gas is uniform
29
action of Fick's Law
increase partial pressure = increased oxygen
| SO....add Fi/O2, partial pressure and surface area incease
30
Diving adds pressure when surfacing nitrogen comes out of a solution
Henry's Law
31
increased pressure = increased gas solubility
Henry's Law
32
decreased pressure = decreased temperature
G-L law
33
increased diffusion = decreased molecular weight
Graham's law
| lower molecular weight can diffuse easier (CO2)
34
total pressure = P1 + P2...
Dalton's law
35
when does teeth pain occur when flying
barodontalgia on ascent
| air trapped in fillings expans
36
when do ears hurt when flying
descent
37
what causes barotitis
ear pain
| air trapped in the middle ear can't get through the blocked eusachian tube
38
when do you experience barosinusitis
both ascent and escent
| referred maxillary pain
39
cutis marmorata
mottled skin that looks like a sunburn
| in skin bends
40
pt feels ants on their skin
skin bends. nitrogen bends
41
transprot a diving injury
ground
| if air, pressurize flixed wing or 1ooo
42
barbariotrauma
sudden release of nitrogen stored in lipids when going to altitude
43
treat bariobariotrauma
nitrogen washout w/10L/min nonrebreather for 15 min prior to flight
44
pressure 66ft under water
2 ATM
45
pressure 33 ft under water
1 ATM
46
pressure increase underwater
1 ATM per 33 ft
47
causes of stagnant anemia
high G forces
| cardiogenic shock
48
anemia of high G force
stagnant anemia
49
anemia of cardiogenic shock
stagnant anemia
50
anemia of hemorrhage
hypemic - hypoxia at blood level
51
difference between hypoxic & hypemic anemia
```
hypoxic = not enough oxygen r/t partial pressure
hypemic = hypoxia at blood level b/c reduction in O2 carrying capacity
```
52
causes of histotoxic anemia
poisioning hypoxia at the cellular level
| *cyanide, alcohol, nitroglycerine, nitroprusside, viagra
53
compensatory statge of hypoxia
stage 2. of hypoxia
| increased HR, ventilations, slowed judgement
54
distrubance stage of hypoxia
stage 3 of hypoxia
slurred speech. impaired judgement
drunk
55
2 types of people who are the most affected by high G forces
dehydrated
| BP meds like BB
56
COBRA
consolidated omnibus budget reconcillation act
57
what does COBRA do
protects uninsuraed pt from being denied hospital care or transferred inappropriately for inability to pay
58
EMTALA
Emergency Medical Treatment & Active Labor Act
59
rule under EMTALA
250 yd rule
* if someone is injured within 250 years of the hospital, treat them
* ambulance may meet on a campus w/o triggering EMTALA unless ambulance crew needs assistance
60
accreditation for medical transport
CAMTS
61
when do air traffic controllers activate the Emergency Action Plan
after 2 of the q15 missed checkins
| search and rescue team
62
rotor/fixed wing pilot rules
2K hrs total flight
at least 1K they must be the pilot in charge
100 as pilot in charge at night
63
area orientation for helicopter pilots before solo missions
5hrs total with 2 at night
64
general operating and flight rules
FAR Part 91
65
Part 91
general operating /flight rules
| everyone rules
66
weather minimums under Part 91
no weather minimums
67
duty day length minimums udner Part 91
no set time for how long the pilot may fly
68
PArt 91 rule about alcohol
Part 91.17
| cannot fly within 8hr of alcohol or if still drunk, or BAC over 0.04%
69
time after alcohol when you can fly
8hrs post per Part 91 if not drunk
70
BAC when you can fly
must be under 0.04% and cannot have had a drink within 8hr
71
rules for flying passengers for money
Part 135
72
Part 135
flying passengers for money
73
max duty day under Part 135
max 14hrs
| no more than 8hrs of flying time within 24hrs
74
altitude in day if local & no mountains
altitude 800ft - 2 miles
75
altitude in night if local and mountainous
altitude 800-3 miles
76
altitude if cross-country, day, and no mountains
800-3 miles
77
altitude if nigth, cross country, and mountains
800-3 miles
78
altitude if day, local, and mountains
800-3 miles
79
altitude if day, cross country, and mountains
1000-3 miles
80
altitude if night, local, and mountainous
1000-3 miles
81
altitude if night, cross contry, and mountainous
1000-5miles
82
accepting weather risks
marginal weather, accept risk
| below minimums, do not fly
83
you can only fly in weather conditions where you can see where you are flying
Visual FLight Rules
84
VFR
Visual Flight RUles.
| you can see where you are flying w/o instruments
85
flying w/o instruments
VIsual Flight RUles
86
flying with instruments b/c of bad weather
INstrument FLight Rules becasue of Instrument Meterological COnditions
87
piloting under VFR but flying into unexpected bad weather where instruments are needed
Double IMC
| Inadvertent Instrument MEterological COnditions
88
transponder code 1200
Visual FLiht RUles
89
transponder code for Visual FLight Rules
1200
90
transponder code for gliders
1202
91
transponder code 1202
gliders
92
transponder code 7500
hijack
93
transponder code for communication failure
7600
94
transponder code 7600
communication failure
95
transponder code 7700
emergency
96
transponder code for military intercept
7777
97
transponder code 7777
military intercept
98
HLZ
qhasty landing zone
100x100
1 approach & departure heading
2 passes required before landing. one high and one low
99
helicopter passes the same area twice - once at high altitude and once low
looking to land in a HLZ = hasty landing zone
100
helicopter landing in HAZMAT zone
uphill & upwind
101
patient cross straps
3 = chest, hips, knees
102
3 types of in-flight emergencies
land immeidately
land asap (chip light, low transmission pressure)
land as soon as practicle
103
rotary wings rotate w/o engine
autorotation
104
regular powered flight versus autorotation
normal - air drawn through the rotors to create lift
| autorotation- air moves up from below as the 'copter descends
105
pre-crash sequence
patient flat
turn off oxygen
crash position
106
post crash sequence
turn off order: TFB
throttle
fuel
battery
107
post crash shutoff sequence
TFB
throttle
fuel
battery
108
ELT = emergency locator transmitter activates
at 4g's
109
transmit frequency of ELT - emergency locator transmitter
121.5 MHz
| upgraded transmitted frequency is 406 per FAA 135
110
search & rescue
CONUS = civil air patrol
| over US waters = coast guard
111
radio frequency that is blocked by hills/mt
VHF
112
emergency frequency
121.5MHz
113
distance of VHF
long range line of sigt 100km
114
air traffic control frequency
118-137 VHF
115
range of Ultra High Frequeny
300MHz to 1GH
116
short range radio frequency
UHF
| 300MHz to 1GHz
117
limits of UHF
800MHz to 1GHz
blocked by hills/large buildings
limited by visual horizon to 30-40miles
can penetrate foliage/buildings for indoor reeption
118
800 MHz
public safety radio system
119
lights on aircraft wings
red is port
green is starboard
white is tail
120
ambient temperature of an ambulance
68-78 degrees
121
fuel capacity of a ground ambulance
178mile tarange
122
ground clearance of an ambulance when full
6 inches ground learnece
123
audible siren
audible under normal condituions of >500ft
124
visual light
strobe light visualized >500ft
125
distance that you shoule be able to hear siren and see light
>500ft
126
how frequently to check fluid of ambulance
twice a week
127
how frequently to check pressure of ambulance
twice a week
128
daily checks of ambulance
damages & equipment failur
