Fluid and Electrolyte Balance (Lecture ?'s) Flashcards
(32 cards)
Which of the following are principal electrolytes in ECF?
- ) Potassium 2.) Bicarbonate
- ) Sodium 4.) Sulfate
- ) Magnesium 6.) Chloride
- ) Phosphate
ECF
Sodium, Chloride, and Bicarbonate
Na+, Cl-, HCO3-
Which of the following are principal electrolytes in ICF?
- ) Potassium 2.) Bicarbonate
- ) Sodium 4.) Sulfate
- ) Magnesium 6.) Chloride
- ) Phosphate
ICF
Potassium, Magnesium, Phosphate, Sulfate
K+, Mg2+, PO43-, SO42-
Higher osmolality than body fluids.
Hypertonic
- Higher osmolality than body fluids.
- Draw fluid out of intracellular and interstitial expanding vascular volume.
Draw fluid out of intracellular and interstitial expanding vascular volume.
Hypertonic
- Higher osmolality than body fluids.
- Draw fluid out of intracellular and interstitial expanding vascular volume.
Lower osmolality than body fluids.
Hypotonic
- Lower osmolality than body fluids.
- Treat cellular dehydration.
Treat cellular dehydration.
Hypotonic
- Lower osmolality than body fluids.
- Treat cellular dehydration.
Movement from higher concentration to lower concentration.
a. ) Diffusion
b. ) Osmosis
c. ) Active Transport
d. ) Filtration
a.) Diffusion
Movement of fluid and solutes together from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure.
a. ) Diffusion
b. ) Osmosis
c. ) Active Transport
d. ) Filtration
d.) Filtration
(osmotic pressure & hydrostatic pressure)
From less concentrated to more concentrated.
a. ) Diffusion
b. ) Osmosis
c. ) Active Transport
d. ) Filtration
c.) Active Transport
Water moves to a higher concentrated area.
a. ) Diffusion
b. ) Osmosis
c. ) Active Transport
d. ) Filtration
b.) Osmosis
0.9% saline solution would be _______.
a. ) isotonic
b. ) hypertonic
c. ) hypotonic
a.) isotonic
3% saline solution would be _______.
a. ) isotonic
b. ) hypertonic
c. ) hypotonic
b.) hypertonic
0.45% saline solution would be _______.
a. ) isotonic
b. ) hypertonic
c. ) hypotonic
c.) hypotonic
Think brain.
a. ) Sodium (Na+)
b. ) Potassium (K+)
c. ) Calcium (Ca2+)
d. ) Magnesium (Mg2+)
a.) Sodium (Na+)
Normal serum sodium levels = 135 - 145 mEq/L
Think heart.
a. ) Sodium (Na+)
b. ) Potassium (K+)
c. ) Calcium (Ca2+)
d. ) Magnesium (Mg2+)
b.) Potassium (K+)
Normal serum potassium levels = 3.5 - 5 mEq/L
Think bones.
a. ) Sodium (Na+)
b. ) Potassium (K+)
c. ) Calcium (Ca2+)
d. ) Magnesium (Mg2+)
c.) Calcium (Ca2+)
Normal lab values:
8.5 - 10.5 mg/dL total serum bound
4 - 5 mg/dL ionized / unbound
Think brain.
a. ) Sodium (Na+)
b. ) Potassium (K+)
c. ) Calcium (Ca2+)
d. ) Magnesium (Mg2+)
a. ) Sodium (Na+)
b. ) Potassium (K+)
c. ) Calcium (Ca2+)
d. ) Magnesium (Mg2+)
Which of the following is not one of the roles of water in the human body?
A. Serves as medium for metabolic reactions with cells
B. Is a transporter of waste products
C. Acts as insulator & shock absorber
D. Helps maintain and regulate body temperature
E. Nutrition
E. Nutrition
What Percentage of the body is water:
A- 10%
B- 20%
C- 40%
D- 60%
D- 60%
Giving a hypertonic IV solution to a client may cause too much fluid to be:
A. Pulled from the cells into the bloodstream, which may cause the cells to shrink
B. Pulled out of the bloodstream into the cells
C. Pushed out of the bloodstream into the extravascular spaces
D. Pulled from the cells into the bloodstream which may cause the cells to increase in size
A. Pulled from the cells into the bloodstream, which may cause the cells to shrink
Which foods would you include when giving a client a list of foods to avoid on a low sodium diet?
A. bananas, peaches and broccoli
B. red meat, chicken and pork
C. milk, nuts and liver
D. canned soups, ketchup and cheese
D. canned soups, ketchup and cheese
When administering IV potassium via IV push for severe hypokalemia you should
A. NEVER administer potassium IV push
B. add potassium to whichever fluids are hanging
C. Push at a rate of 2ml/minute
D. Use gravity flow and calculate appropriate drip rate rather than using a pump
A. NEVER administer potassium IV push
An older man is admitted to the medical unit with a diagnosis of dehydration. Which sign or symptom is most representative of a sodium imbalance
A. Hyperreflexia
B. Mental Confusion
C. Irregular Pulse
D. Muscle Weakness
B. Mental Confusion