FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE DISORDERS FOR NURSING STUDENTS, CONDITION NAMES, CAUSE, TREATMENT LAB VALUUES, NURSING EDUCATION Flashcards
(54 cards)
What is the primary function of electrolytes in the body?
To regulate nerve and muscle function, hydrate the body, balance blood acidity and pressure, and help rebuild damaged tissue.
Name one common fluid imbalance disorder.
Dehydration.
What is the main cause of hyponatremia?
Low sodium levels in the blood, often due to excessive fluid intake or loss of sodium.
True or False: Hyperkalemia refers to low potassium levels in the blood.
False.
Fill in the blank: The normal range for serum sodium levels is _____ to _____ mEq/L.
135 to 145 mEq/L.
What are the signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia?
Nausea, vomiting, confusion, muscle weakness, and fatigue.
What is the treatment for hypomagnesemia?
Oral or intravenous magnesium supplementation.
True or False: Fluid overload can lead to pulmonary edema.
True.
What is the primary treatment for dehydration?
Fluid replacement therapy.
Name a common cause of hypernatremia.
Excessive water loss, often due to dehydration.
What is the role of potassium in the body?
To help regulate heart function, muscle contractions, and nerve signals.
Fill in the blank: The normal range for serum potassium levels is _____ to _____ mEq/L.
3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L.
What is a potential complication of untreated hypokalemia?
Arrhythmias or cardiac arrest.
True or False: Calcium plays a critical role in blood clotting.
True.
What is the nursing priority in managing fluid and electrolyte imbalances?
Monitoring vital signs and laboratory values.
What are common signs of dehydration?
Dry mouth, decreased urine output, and dizziness.
What is the treatment for hyperkalemia?
Administering calcium gluconate, insulin with glucose, or diuretics.
Fill in the blank: The normal range for serum calcium levels is _____ to _____ mg/dL.
8.5 to 10.5 mg/dL.
What is the primary cause of hypocalcemia?
Vitamin D deficiency or parathyroid hormone deficiency.
Name one sign of hypermagnesemia.
Muscle weakness.
True or False: Sodium is the most abundant electrolyte in the extracellular fluid.
True.
What is the significance of osmosis in fluid balance?
It regulates the movement of water across cell membranes.
What is a common nursing intervention for patients with fluid overload?
Restricting fluid intake.
Fill in the blank: The normal range for serum chloride levels is _____ to _____ mEq/L.
98 to 106 mEq/L.