Fluid and electrolytes balance

Question 1

Decreased albumin is indicative of

Answer 1

poor nutritional status

Question 2

Treatments that cause imbalances

Answer 2

Chemo
IV TPN
NG decomposition
Mechanical ventilation

Question 3

How to calculate pack history

Answer 3

Packs x years

Question 4

Decreased albumin indicates

Answer 4

Poor nutritional status

Question 5

NG tubes offer

Answer 5

Intermittent suction and prevents gastric distention

Question 6

Examples of transcellular fluid

Answer 6

Sweat and digestive fluids

Question 7

ADH

Answer 7

Preserves sodium and prevents loss of water produced by pituitary gland

Question 8

Aldosterone

Answer 8

Conserves fluid and salt

Produced by adrenal glands

Question 9

Insensible loss is

Answer 9

Sweat and water vapor from lungs

Question 10

Decreased albumin leads to

Answer 10

Fluid excess
Water weaps out in sores
Edema

Question 11

Edema 1

Answer 11

Swelling

Question 12

Edema 2

Answer 12

Pitting 1-4

Question 13

Edema 3

Answer 13

Ascites

Question 14

Edema 4

Answer 14

Palpate and see water move

Question 15

Decreased volume increases

Answer 15

Osmolarity

Question 16

Place someone with JVD in

Answer 16

Semi fowlers position

Question 17

Fluid volume excess signs and symptoms

Answer 17

Weight gain 
Pitting edema 
JVD 
cough 
Dyspnea 
Cardiac palpations 
Decrease urine out put 
Mental status changes

Question 18

Causes fluid volume deficit

Answer 18

Diarrhea 
Diuretics 
Vomiting 
Gastric decompression 
Anorexia 
Increasing fatigue
Weight loss 
Fever 
Excessive urine out put 
Changes in mental status 
Burns 
Blood loss

Question 19

FVD assessment signs and symptoms

Answer 19

Decrease in weight 
Decrease in skin turgor 
Decrease in urine output
Decrease in blood pressure 
Decrease in strength 
Elevated pulse 
Concentrated urine 
Thirst 
Cool and clammy 
Elevated bun and creatinine

Question 20

Purpose of nasogastric tubes is to

Answer 20

offer intermittent suction of large amounts of gastric acid, prevents gastric distention

Question 21

Mechanical ventilation can cause

Answer 21

fluid/electrolyte imbalances

Question 22

what do tracheostomys do?

Answer 22

offer ventilation so the chest muscles can relax

Question 23

Aldosterone

Answer 23

Produced by adrenal glands aids in conservation of sodium, secretion of potassium and water retention to maintain stable BP

Question 24

increased hematocrit with

Answer 24

dehydration

Question 25

BUN:creatnine ratio

Answer 25

1:20

Question 26

females Hg

Answer 26

12 to 15.5 g/dL

Question 27

males Hg

Answer 27

13.5 to 17.5 g/dL

Question 28

females HCT

Answer 28

35-44.5%

Question 29

Males HCT

Answer 29

38.8-50%

Question 30

hypernatremia signs, symptoms, PCs

Answer 30

High blood pressure, high heart rate, muscle spasms, thirst, hypervolemia decreased urine output, increased specific gravity

Question 31

Hyponatremia signs, symptons, PCs

Answer 31

Low blood pressure/ low heart rate, syncope, hypovolemia, orthostatic hypotension, increases urine output, headache, decreased specific gravity

Question 32

Hyperkalemia signs, symptoms, PCs

Answer 32

irregular pulse, decreased blood pressure, muscle spasm, increased motility, cardiac dysrhythmias

Question 33

Hypokalemia signs symptoms PCs

Answer 33

irregular pulse, orthostatic hypotension, anxiety, confusion, decreased motility, muscle weakness

Question 34

Hypercalciemia signs symptoms PCs

Answer 34

Bradycardia in the beginning and can lead to cardiac arrest in late stages, renal caliculi, weakness, decreased motility

Question 35

Chvosteks sign

Answer 35

contraction of facial muscles in response to a light tap over the facial nerve in the front ear

Question 36

trousseau's sign

Answer 36

carpal spasm induced by inflating a blood pressure cuff above the systolic pressure for a few minutes

Question 37

causes of hypocalcemia

Answer 37

hypoparathyroidism, renal disorders, vit d inadequacy, blood transfusions, hyper or hypo magnesium

Question 38

signs symptoms and PC of hypocalcemia

Answer 38

decreased blood pressure and heart rate, tetany and spasms, decreased motility

Question 39

Causes of Hypermagnesuim

Answer 39

taking malox or milk of magnesuim, hypothyroidism, addisons disease

Question 40

signs symptoms and PCs of hypermagnesuim

Answer 40

Diminshed DTRs, bradycardia, dysrhythmias, hypotension

Question 41

causes of hypomagnesuim

Answer 41

intestinal issues, renal issues, burns, hyperaldosteronism, hypercalcemia

Question 42

signs and symptoms of hypomagnesuim

Answer 42

intestinal issues, renal issues, burns, hyperaldosteronism, hypercalcemia